SysML 기반 M&S 기법을 통한 시스템 고장 모델의 검증

조정호(Jeong Ho Jo),이재천(Jae-Chon Lee) 한국철도학회 2016 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.5

오늘날의 철도시스템을 비롯한 안전중시시스템은 그 복잡성과 전장구성품의 비중이 증가함에 따라, 시스템의 안전성 확보에 대한 필요성도 함께 증가하고 있다. 이를 반영하여 안전중시시스템에 대한 다양한 산업별 안전표준에서는 개념설계 단계에서부터 체계적인 위험원 분석을 수행하여 설계에 반영할 것을 요구하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 철도시스템의 개념설계 단계에서 수행되는 위험원 분석의 결과를 검증하기 위해서 SysML을 활용하여 시스템 고장 모델을 생성하고, 시뮬레이션을 통하여 검증하는 방법을 연구하였다. 구체적으로 먼저 대상시스템의 기능/물리 아키텍처를 SysML 기반으로 모델링하였다. 그리고 나서 시스템 모델에 대한 위험원 분석을 모델 기반으로 수행할 수 있도록 위험원 분석기법에서 공통적으로 다루는 고장 유형, 고장의 원인과 영향 등의 요소를 식별하여 시스템 모델에 추가하였다. 그 후 모델 기반 위험원 분석을 수행하고, 결과를 토대로 고장 모델을 정의하였다. 마지막으로 고장 모델이 반영된 시스템 모델을 시뮬레이션 함으로써 모델 기반 위험원 분석에 대한 검증을 수행하였다. 검증된 위험원 분석의 결과를 향후 효과적으로 안전 설계에 활용할 수 있다. There has been noticeable demand on safety assurance for the safety-critical systems such as rail systems as the underlying systems are getting more complex and using electronic/electrical components more frequently. As such, the functional safety standard and its variations have been developed and used in a variety of industrial domains. The standards are urging that hazard analysis be performed and the result incorporated in the systems design from the conceptual design phase. The objective of this study is to present a model-based approach to hazard analysis. Specifically, a system model including functional and physical models are developed first based on SysML. Those models are then used to construct systems failure models. Finally, to verify the model-based hazard analysis, simulation of the models developed are carried out. The verified results of hazard analysis would be useful in the design of corresponding safety systems.

청말 의료선교사의 눈으로 본 두창과 종두법

曺貞恩 ( Jo¸ Jeong-eun ) 명청사학회 2021 명청사연구 Vol.- No.56

This paper comparatively analyzes Chinese people's and foreign medical missionaries' perceptions on vaccination and their effects on the transmission of Jenner's vaccine, from the records of Chinese smallpox and vaccination in the late Qing dynasty, which medical missionaries left. Furthermore, it also examines how the traditional knowledge system interacted with the modern one, by exploring medical missionaries, Chinese people, vaccination and variolation. The Jenner's vaccine is a vaccination method for preventing smallpox by using the smallpox virus extracted from cows. Chinese people already knew the concept of vaccination through variolation, so Jenner's vaccine was the best method for introducing the modern medicine. Medical missionaries who first introduced the modern medicine into China also intended to demonstrate the superiority of the modern medicine and show Christian mercy to Chinese people, by using Jenner's vaccine. Medical missionaries left a variety of records regarding the prevalence of smallpox and vaccination. In China, smallpox was an infectious disease that was always prevalent in all areas. Chinese people believed that they could not but experience smallpox once at least in their life. In addition, it can be found that vaccination and re-vaccination for missionaries were emphasized, since smallpox was a disease which also seriously threatened foreigners. Medical missionaries made various efforts to extend Jenner's vaccine, by publicizing it through a variety of media and freely vaccinating people in vaccine stations or mission hospitals constructed in cooperation with local merchants, elites and officials. In addition, medical missionaries and mission hospitals secured vaccine lymph, by using their domestic and foreign networks and contributed to extending Jenner's vaccine by instructing Chinese physicians about how to use Jenners' vaccine. On the other hand, an aspect of East-West cultural exchange can be observed, in that vaccine stations were built in the traditional Chinese temples and Chinese people and foreign medical missionaries performed vaccination together. Jenner's vaccine was, however, not easily practiced. At the initial stage, medical missionaries also experienced many difficulties. The vaccination was often failed, due to corruption of vaccine lymph and lack of knowledge and experience about native vaccinators and use of unhygienic tools. Medical missionaries made efforts to increase the success rate of Jenner's vaccine, by continuously investigating why the vaccination was failed and exchanging information with each other. Chinese people's high reliability of variolation was an obstacle to the extension of Jenner's vaccine. Medical missionaries introduced various cases of variolation, indicating that variolation was generally conducted at that time. In such record, they emphasized the advantage of vaccination, listing the cases of victims who were dead or lost their eyesight due to variolation. Different from them who recognized that the variolation and the traditional notions about it should be abandoned, however, Chinese people who learned Jenner's vaccine from them attempted to accept it within the traditional notions which they had long trusted and preserved. In particular, YindouLue(引痘略) applied the taidu (胎毒) theory, the Yin-Yang theory, periods of vaccination and the restriction on foods after vaccination to Jenners' vaccine. Medical missionaries, however, could not understand such a restriction and explained Chinese people that Jenner's vaccine, different from variolation, could be applied to them regardless of any seasons and it was not necessary to choose foods after vaccination. On the other hand, xieqi(邪氣), a traditional medical concept was also used to explain the causes of smallpox, where the germ theory did not still appear. In order to extend the use of Jenner's vaccine, medical missionaries thus criticized variolation, while using the traditional concept. In spite of such an effort, however, it was not easy to help Chinese people understand the Western way of thinking, since there was a cultural gap which could not be narrowed, between medical missionaries and Chinese people, as in the case of perceptions on re-vaccination and pockmarks. The issue of how to narrow the cultural gap between them is directly related with the localization of the Western modern medicine with the main focus on Jenner's vaccine.

‘신고’ 배 과원 무농약 관리에 따른 흑성병 발병억제 및 과실의 특성 비교

조정안(Jeong-An Jo),吳秀玉(Xiu-Yu Wu),李雄(Xiong Li),김영(Young Kim),김월수(Wol-Soo Kim) 한국생물환경조절학회 2007 한국생물환경조절학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.16 No.2

근대(近代) 위생론(衛生論)의 소개와 상해(上海)『위생백화보(衛生白話報)』

조정은 ( Jo Jeong Eun ) 중국사학회 2018 中國史硏究 Vol.115 No.-

This paper aims to reveal the aspect of modern hygiene in Shanghai by analyzing the hygiene theory in the “Weishengbaihuabao.” This journal was published by the authors, Japanese doctor Watanuki Yosaburo(綿貫與三郎) and Chinese doctor Chen Jiwu(陳繼武). In addition to the compilation of sanitary journals, they established their own medical schools called Chinese-Japanese Medical School to teach students medical knowledge. It is an important example of how Japan was able to join forces with the Chinese to publish hygienic magazines and establish a school where most of the teachers are Japanese. Although previous studies have emphasized the influence of the West mainly on the propagation of hygiene, Japan's influence which can be found in the Weishengbaihuabao should not be overlooked. It should be noted that the Journal's goal was to promote sanitary knowledge in a way that it was easy to understand using the vernacular language. The difficult language restrained and carefully used easy terms to describe hygiene to the common people. For example, by matching hygiene with health and longevity, ordinary people can easily accept the new concept of hygiene. Watanuki Yosaburo explained it as follows; a healthy person will not get sick and If you want to be a healthy person, you should cautious of your hygiene. Such emphasis on health and longevity, and the spread of sanitary principles related to real life, is a feature of Japanese hygiene theory. On the other hand, traditional quarantine measures such as Songwen[送瘟] were considered as a superstition and was criticized, and thus emphasized the importance of sanitation. As such, the Weishengbaihuabao can be highly appreciated in a way that it is a journal that aims to promote hygiene knowledge to ordinary people by using the vernacular, and to change the way of life by recording many practical information. It is certainly different from other magazines that have focused on proposing and building the sanitary administration that the state power should pursue with medical experts as its own. It also shows that China wanted to take some of Japan's sanitary ideas and utilize them.

해양성 Marinomonas sp. SH-2 균주가 생성하는 agarase의 분리 및 특성조사

조정권(Jeong-Gwon Jo),이솔지(Sol-Ji Lee),이동근(Dong-Geun Lee),이상현(Sang-Hyeon Lee) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

본 연구에서는 많은 생리활성 기능을 갖는 한천올리고당과 네오한천올리고당을 생산할 수 있는 agarase를 생성하는 신규 해양성 세균을 분리하고, 이 균주가 생성하는 한천분해효소의 특성을 조사하였다. 한천분해활성을 가진 신규의 SH-2 균주는 경상남도 남해군 연안에서 채취한 해수에서 분리하였으며, 16S rDNA 염기서열분석을 통해 Marinomonas 속 세균과 약 99% 유사하여 Marinomonas sp. SH-2로 명명하였다. Agarase는 Marinomonas sp. SH-2 균주의 배양액으로부터 추출하였으며, 한천분해활성을 측정한 결과, pH 6.0의 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer를 사용할 경우 30℃에서 최고 활성(170.2 units/l)이 나타났다. 하지만, 40℃ 이상의 온도에서 0.5시간 이상 처리할 경우 효소의 잔존활성이 40% 이하로 감소하는 것으로 보아 이 효소는 내열성을 가지지 않는다고 판단되었다. 효소의 가수분해산물을 TLC로 분석한 결과, Marinomonas sp. SH-2으로부터 생성되는 효소는 아가로스를 분해하여 neoagarohexaose와 neoagarotetraose를 생성하여 β-agarase로 확인되었다. 따라서 Marinomonas sp. SH-2와 이 균주의 한천분해효소는 식품, 화장품, 의약품 연구 등에 실용적으로 적용할 수 있을 것이다. This study aimed to isolate a novel agarase-producing marine bacterium and characterize its agarase, as agarases are known to produce biofunctional agarooligosaccharides or neo-agarooligosaccharides. A novel agar-degrading bacterium, SH-2, was isolated from the seawater of Namhae in Gyeongnam Province, Korea, and cultured in Marine agar 2216 medium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence represented 99% identity with that of the members of the Marinomonas genus; hence, the isolated bacterium was named Marinomonas sp. SH-2. The crude agarase was prepared from a culture medium of Marinomonas. sp SH-2, and exhibited maximum agarase activity at 170.2 units/l. The optimum conditions were pH 6.0 and 30℃ in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer. The agarase activity of the bacterium was highly elevated from 20℃(42% relative activity) to 30℃(100%), and 82% activity was shown at 40℃. Its relative activities were less than 40% at over 40℃ after a 0.5 hr exposure. Relative activity was 100% at pH 6.0, while it was 72% and 48% at pH 5.0 and pH 7.0, respectively. The enzyme from Marinomonas sp. SH-2 degraded agarose to neoagarohexaose and neoagarotetraose, indicating that the enzyme is β-agarase. Thus, Marinomonas sp. SH-2 and its enzyme could be practical for applications in food, cosmetic, and medical research.

에폭시(DGEBA)/아민(TETA)계의 경화거동 및 팽윤거동 연구

조정대 ( Jo Jeong Dae ),주형태 ( Ju Hyeong Tae ),홍진후 ( Hong Jin Hu ) 한국공업화학회 2003 공업화학 Vol.14 No.8

Triethylenetetramine (TETA) 경화제와 diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) 에폭시 수지로 구성된 DGEBA/TETA계의 조성비에 따른 경화거동을 real-time infrared spectroscopy (RTIR)과 dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA)를 이용하여 관찰하였고, 가교된 시편망상의 팽윤시간에 따른 부피팽윤비(Q)를 구하여 팽윤거동에 대해 조사하였다. RTIR을 이용하여 에폭시에 의해 나타나는 914 cm^(-1)와 1121 cm^(-1)의 흡수 피크를 관찰해봄으로써 DGEBA의 단일중합에 의한 경화반응보다 TETA의 아민 그룹에 존재하는 활성 수소와 에폭시 관능기 부분이 반응하여 생성된 가교 구조가 더 우세함을 알 수 있었다. DMTA 실험에서는 TETA 함량의 증가에 따른 저장탄성률의 증가를 통해 경화제인 TETA의 함량이 증가할수록 더욱 치밀한 가교 망상구조가 형성됨을 알 수 있었다. 팽윤도 측정결과, TETA의 함량이 증가할수록 초기 팽윤속도가 상승되어 상대적으로 짧은 시간 내에 평형상태에 도달하였다. We observed the curing behavior of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/triethylenetetramine (TETA) system using real-time infrared spectroscopy (RTR) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and investigated the swelling behavior of the crosslinked specimens for the system by determining volume swelling ratio (Q) according to the swelling time. RTIR analysis showed that the curing reaction of XEBA epoxy and TETA amine was a more predominant reaction compared to the homopolymerization of epoxy itself by observing 914 and 1121 cm^(-1) bands of XEBA epoxy peak. DMTA experiments revealed that the crosslink density of DGEBA/TETA system increased as the content of TETA was increased. The swelling experiments exhibited that initial swelling rate increased and then rapidly reached to equilibrium state with increasing the content of TETA.

안드로이드 운영체제에서의 POI 연동 거버너 변경

조정호(Jeong-Ho Jo),서효중(Hyo-Joong Suh) 한국정보과학회 2015 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.12

한국 기독교 유아교육기관의 기독교 유아교육과정 운영 실태와 교사의 인식도 조사

조정아(Jeong A Jo),조은진(Eun Jin Cho) 한국아동학회 2008 아동학회지 Vol.29 No.1

당뇨병 환자의 동공계 반응

조정구 ( Jo Jeong Gu ) 대한내과학회 1993 대한내과학회지 Vol.44 No.2

당뇨병 환자에서 대광반사에 대한 동공계 반응의 이상을 알아보기 위하여 당뇨병 환자 127명을 대상으로 심혈관계 자율신경 기능검사(cardiovascular autonomic function test)를 실시하여 심혈관계 자율신경병증의 유무, 경중의 정도에 따라 다시 세군으로 분류한 뒤, 동공계 자율신경기능 검사로 동공주기시간(pupil cycle time) 측정 및 동공측정기(pupillometry)를 사용한 각종 지표를 측정하여 다음의 성적을 얻었다. 1) 동공측정기를 사용하여 얻은 검사지표상 당뇨병군은 정상 대조군에 비하여 초기 동공크기, 최소동공크기, 대광반사말기 동공크기, 대광반사크기, 최대축동속도, 최대산동속도의 유의한 감소가 있었고 광선에 노출된 후 산동시간에 도달하는 시간의 유의한 증가가 있었으며, 자율신경 검사지수가 증가함에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2) 동공주기시간은 당뇨병균의 경우 정상 대조군에 비하여 유의한 연장이 있었고, 자율신경검사지수가 증가함에 따라 유의하게 연장되었다. 3) 당뇨병군에서 심혈관계 및 동공계 자율신경검사 지표들 사이에 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 이상의 결과로 미루어 당뇨병성 자율신경병증의 동공계 검사는 심혈관계 자율신경 기능검사와 함께 임상적으로 자율신경기능장애의 평가에 유용하였으며, 당뇨병의 이환 초기부터 발생하는 것으로 보이는 당뇨병성 자율신경병증의 조기진단에 쉽고 간편하며, 재현성이 있는 검사로 사료되었다. Abnormalities of the pupil of the eye are well known in long-term diabetes and it is well known that changes in the autonomic nervous system can be reflected in the pupil. To investigate the abnormalities of the pupil in diabetics, the pupillary response to light was examined by pupillometry and persistent regular oscillations of the pupil were measured by slit lamp in 44 healthy and 127 diabetic subjects. The diabetic patients had a smaller initial, minimal, and final pupil size and a smaller response amplitude than the control subjects. The maximal velocities of constriction and re-dilatation were reduced in the diabetic patients. An abnormally prolonged dilatation phase (time of maximum redilation velocity)was observed. pupil cycle time was prolonged in a high proportion of patients with evidence of autonomic neuropathy judged by abnormalities of their cardiovascular reflexes. There was significant correlation between results of cardiovascular and pupillary autonomic function tests. In conclusion, Measurement of the pupillary response in darkness was a simple, noninvasive and reproducible method that may yield information about autonomic nervous involvement in diabetics and may be a useful complement to cardiovascular testing in clinical diagnosis fo autonomic neuropathy.

재생냉각 모사 실험을 통한 탄화수소계 연료의 침탄 특성

조정길(Jeong Gil Jo),김민철(Min Cheol Kim),홍준열(Joon Yeol Hong),김정수(Jeong Soo Kim) 한국추진공학회 2018 한국추진공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.12