소집단 협력 학습을 위한 학생 그룹핑 시스템

장효원,김명 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2005 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.8 No.4

Volume-Bloch Operator Approach to Quantum Reactive Scattering on Non-orthogonal Scattering Coordinates

장효원 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.3

Pseudomonas putuda Hk-6에서 2,4,5-Trinitroroluene에 의한 스트레스 충격 단백질의 생성

장효원,오계헌 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.6 No.2

The aim of this work was to examine the production of stress shock proteins by 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in Pseudomonas putida HK-6 which isolated from explosive contaminated sites. The stress shock proteins, which contribute to the resistance of the cytotoxic effect of TNT, were induced at various concentrations of TNT in exponentially growing cultures of P. putida HK-6. Theses responses involved the induction of a 70-kDa DnaK and a 60-kDa GroEL proteins, characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot by use of anti-DnaK and anti-GroEL monoclonal antibodies. Survival of P. putida HK-6 with time in the presence of different concentrations of TNT was monitored, and viable counts paralleled the induction of the stress shock proteins in this strain.

한국에서 통용되고 있는 지폐에서의 미생물 오염 분석

장효원,이미영,오계헌 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2001 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.7 No.2

The purpose of this work was to investigate the microbiological distribution and contamination from korean currency that is circulated generally among various kinds of people. Fifty 1,000-won bills were collected by seasons and regions for 18 months. supernatants derived from bills treated by ultrasonicator with .0.8% saline were inoculated and incubated on various selective media such as mannitol salt agar, potato dextrose agar, plate count agar, bismuth sulfite glucose glycine yeast extract agar, luria-Bertani agar. As the results, various kinds of bacteria and fungi including Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyolcoccus epidermidis, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus salivarius, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sp., Salmonella sp., Pseudomonas sp., Candidasp. from 1,000-won bills grew on the solid media. Bacterial contamination was higher in spring and summer compared to winter, whereas fungal contaminatioj was predominated in winter. Especially, 1,000-won bills collected in fish markets and korean traditional markets were heavily contaminated by E. coli, staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas sp. Streptococcus sp.,Salmonella sp., and -hemolytic Bacillus. Similar results were obtained from 5,000-won bills and 10,000-won bills as well. In consequence, it was proven that korean currency of bank notes in current use was significantly contaminated by many pathogenic microorganisms.

협부 피하층에 발생한 성숙한 해면골의 증례보고

장효원,윤태균,이바다,최은주,차용훈,김현실 대한구강악안면병리학회 2012 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.36 No.5

Whereas calcium deposition in soft tissues is not uncommon, highly-structured, identified as mature cancellous bone within soft tissues is not frequent. Here, we report an usual case of mature cancellous bone in cheek subcutaneous tissue in 15-year-old Korean male. Microscopically the cancellous bone was encompassed by epithelial cells, which was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining with cytokeratin AE1/3. The present mature cancellous bone in subcutaneous tissue could be originated from oral epithelium.

중증의 골흡수를 보이는 상악 구치부에서 상악동 골이식을 동반한 임플란트의 식립과 예후: 증례보고

장효원,김선재,김재영,고원경,허종기 대한구강악안면임플란트학회 2017 대한구강악안면임프란트학회지 Vol.21 No.2

It is challenging for many clinicians to install dental implant on atrophic and pneumatized alveolar bone. There are many anatomical barriers, such as limited visual field, easy-torn Schneiderian membrane, short and narrow alveolar bone and posterior superior alveolar arteries and veins. Furthermore, many prosthodontic considerations are needed for rehabilitation of posterior maxilla, such as crossbite and short occlusal height. The purpose of this study is to report success of simultaneous dental implant installation with maxillary sinus floor augmentation on severely resorbed alveolar bone. From the results of the cases, combined procedures of installation of implant and maxillary sinus floor augmentation at the same time may be a predictable procedure if it is conducted by an experienced expert.

중학생의 학업스트레스 정도에 따른 건강관련 생활습관 및 정신건강 비교

장효원,김정현,어성연,정인경 한국가정과교육학회 2012 한국가정과교육학회지 Vol.24 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of academic stress levels on life-style behaviors and mental health among the junior high school students in Korea. A convenient sample drawn from the 842 students from 8 junior high schools in Seoul and Kyunggi-Do area was investigated with a survey instrument. Female students showed higher academic stress levels compared to male students, especially in terms of the stress related to teachers, class time, and peer relationships. For the male students, higher stress levels were related to the higher risk factors of smoking, drinking and inhaling drug abuse. Students who had higher academic stress levels spent more time in using computer and playing digital games compared to those who had lower academic stress. In addition, higher academic stress levels were significantly related to risk of mental health, especially depression. These results suggest the urgent needs of preventive or educational program to support students with academic stress resolve in healthy manners such as playing sports or music or club activities. 본 연구는 청소년들의 학업스트레스가 건강관련 생활습관 및 정신건강에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 서울 및 경기도 소재 8개 지역 중학교에 재학 중인 중학생 842명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 조사결과 여학생이 남학생들에 비해 학업스트레스 점수가 높았으며 특히, 하위 요인 중 교사 및 수업시간, 친구와의 경쟁 관련 학업스트레스 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 남학생들의 경우 학업스트레스 수준이 높은 학생들이 낮은 학생들에 비해 흡연 및 음주 경험 과 흡입제 사용 경험이 유의적으로 많았으며 학업스트레스 수준이 높은 학생들은 컴퓨터나 온라인 게임 등의 놀이오락 위주로 여가활동 시간을 보내는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 정신건강 상태 조사 결과, 남녀학생 모두 학업스트레스 수준이 높은 학생들이 낮은 학생들에 비해 정신건강진단 점수가 유의하게 높아 정신건강 위험도가 높음을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 우을증상의 점수가 유의적으로 높았다. 따라서 청소년들이 학업 스트레스에 적절히 대응하고 관리할 수 있도록 학교교육과정에서 지속적인 교육이 이루어져야 한다.

폭약 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene에 노출된 분해세균 Stenotrophomonas sp. OK-5의 세포반응

장효원,송승열,김승일,강형일,오계헌* 한국미생물학회 2002 미생물학회지 Vol.38 No.4

환경오염원으로서 폭약 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)에 대한 TNT 분해세균 Stenotrophomonas sp. OK-5의 세포반응에 대하여 조사하였다. 아치사조건의 TNT농도와 노출시간에 따른 균주 OK-5의 생존율을 분석한 결과, 이 세균의 생존율은 스트레스 충격 단백질의 생성과 비례하였다. 총세포 지방산 조성분석에서 균주 OK-5는 tryp-ticase soy agar에서 자랄 때보다 TNT 배지에서 자랄 때 여러 가지 종류의 지방산이 생성되거나 사라지는 것이 밝혀졌다. 주사전자현미경하에서 TNT에 노출된 세포는 쭈글쭈글하고 불규칙적인 간상형으로 나타났다. Anti-DnaK와 anti-GroEL을 이용하여 SDS-PAGE와 Western blot을 통한 분석으로 균주 OK-5는 70 kDa DanK와 60 kDa GroEL을 포함하는 몇가지 스트레스충격단백질을 생성하는 것으로 밝혀졌다. TNT에 노출된 OK-5 배양에서 수용성 단백질 분획에 대하여 2-D PAGE를 실시하였으며, pH 3에서 pH 10의 범위에서 약 300여 개 spot들이 silver로 염색된 gel상에서 관찰되었다. 이들 가운데 TNT의 반응으로 현저하게 유도되고 발현된 10개의 spot들을 확인하였으며, 2개의 단백질, spot #1과 spot #10에 대한 내부아미노산 서열을 ESI-Q TOF로 분석한 결과, Xylella fastidiosa의 DnaK protein XF2340와 Mesorhizobium loti의 스트레스 유도단백질로 각각 밝혀졌다. The cellular responses of TNT-degrading bacterium, Stenotrophomonas sp. OK-5 to explosive 2,4,6-trini-trotoluene (TNT) as an environmental contaminant were examined. Survival of the strain OK-5 with time in the presence of different concentrations of TNT under sublethal conditions was monitored, and viable counts paralleled the production of the stress shock proteins in this bacterium. Total cellular fatty acids analysis showed that strain OK-5 produced or disappeared several different kinds of lipids when grown on TNT media than when grown on TSA. Under scanning electron microscope, the cells treated with 0.5 mM TNT for 12 hrs showed irregular rod shapes with wrinkled surfaces. Analyses of SDS-PAGE and Western blot using anti-DnaK and anti-GroEL revealed that several stress shock proteins including 70 kDa DnaK and 60 kDa GroEL in strain OK-5 were newly synthesized at different TNT concentrations in exponentially growing cultures. 2-D PAGE of soluble protein fractions from the culture of OK-5 exposed to TNT demonstrated that approximately 300 spots were observed on the silver stained gel ranging from pH 3 to pH 10. Among them, 10 spots significantly induced and expressed in response to TNT were selected and analyzed. As the result of internal amino acid sequencing with ESI-Q TOF, two proteins, spot #1 and spot #10 were assigned the DnaK protein XF2340 of Xylella fastidiosa and stress-induced protein of Mesorhizobium loti, respectively.

교반탱크 반응조에서 TNT 분해세균에 의한 2,4-Dinitrotoluene/2,6-Dinitrotoluene의 미생물학적 제거

장효원,김승일,오계헌 한국미생물학회 2001 미생물학회지 Vol.37 No.1

1.5 L 교반 탱크반응조에서 이미 그 특성 이 밝혀진 TNT 분해세균인 Stenorophomonas maltophilia의 배양을 이용하여 dinitrotoluenes (DNTs) [2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT)]를 호기적 조건하에서 미생물학적으로 제거하는 시험을 하였다. 2,4-DNT와 2,6-DNT는 각각 10일과 14일의 배양기간 중에 완전히 분해되었다. 이차 탄소는 DNT리 분해에 필수적이었으며 이차 탄소가 없는 상태에서는 거의 분해되지 않았다. DNTs의 분해에 이차 탄소가 미치는 효과에 대하여 조사하였다. 이차 질소원이 없는 상태에서 DNTs는 완전히 분해되었으나 이차 탄소원이 첨가된 배지에서는 부분적으로 분해되었다. HPLC와 GC-MS가 잔존 DNTs와 중간대사산물을 확인하기 위하여 사용되었다. 그 결과, HPLC와 GC-MS chromatograms은 대상 화합물인 2,4-DNT와 2,6-DNT, 그리고 각각의 중간대사산물인 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene과 2-amino-6-nitrotoluene을 성공적으로 확인할 수 있었다. An aerobic microbiological process was tested in 1.5 L stirred tank reactors for the treatment of dinitrotoluenes (DNTs)[e.g., 2.4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT)] in the test culture of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which had previously characterized. Both 2,4-DNT and 2,6-DNT were completely degraded within 10 days and 14 days of incubation, respectively. Addition of the secondary carbon was essential to degrade DNTs, and little degradation was achieved in the absence of the secondary carbons. The effect of additional nitrogens on the degradation of DNTs was evaluated. Complete degradation of DNTs was observed in the absence of any additional nitrogens, whereas DNTs were partially degraded in the growth media with additional nitrogens. Both HPLC and GC-MS were used to detect and verify the residual DNTs and their intermediates. As the results, the HPLC and GC-MS chromatograms demonstrated that the both parent compounds, 2, 4-DNT and 2,6-DNT, and respective intermediates, 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene and 2-amino-6-nitrotoluene, could be successfully identified under the analytical conditions.

수온과 탁도를 감지하는 급수시스템 설계

장효원(Jang Hyo-Won),송수림(Song Su-rim),장은영(Chang Eun-Young) 한국정보기술학회 2020 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2020 No.10