학술발표 : 현대인의 건강증진방안 : MSG 로 유도한 비만 쥐의 구축

장응찬(Eung Chan Jang),권오선(Oh Sun Kwon),이수천(Soo Chun Lee) 한국운동영양학회 2001 한국운동영양학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.- No.9

97년도 춘계학술대회 : 학술발표 : 운동이 인슐린분비 및 작용에 미치는 영향

장응찬(Jang Eung Chan),이수천 한국운동영양학회 1997 한국운동영양학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.- No.2

글루코스 투여가 운동 중 에너지 기질 이용에 미치는 영향

류승필(Sung Pil Ryu),장응찬(Eung Chan Jang),이상직(Sang Jik Lee),권태동(Tae Dong Kwon),정관우(Kwan Woo Jung),이수천(Soo Chun Lee) 한국운동영양학회 2000 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.4 No.1

N/A Maintaining blood glucose concentration during exercise is important in the athletic field. Therefore, the purpose of this study was the effects of glucose administration on energy substrates utilization during exercise in the untrained (Utr) and trained (Tr) rats. Rats were administered glucose (1.4g/㎏) into the mouth 1h prior to exercise then exercised on the treadmill speed at 20m/min. They were decapitated at pre, 30min, 60min of exercise, and exhausted. Glucose, lactate, FFA, glycerol, glycogen, and liver triglycerides were measured. Glucose concentration was not significantly changed to the groups. Lactate production, however, was significantly increased during the exercise in the Utr. In addition, FFA was significantly increased during the exercise in the Tr. Glycogen utilization ratio during the exercise in the groups were not significantly different, however, the concentration of before the exercise was significantly higher in the Tr. Moreover, exercise time to exhaustion was shorter in the Utr compared with the Tr. These results suggested that glucose administration 1h prior to exercise was possibly maintained blood glucose concentration, however, training-effect was higher compared with glucose-effect during exercise in the groups.

탈진운동 후 (-)-Hydroxycitrate 섭취가 저장글리코겐회복능에 미치는 영향

이수천 ( Lee Su Cheon ),임창수 ( Im Chang Su ),장응찬 ( Jang Eung Chan ),임기원 ( Im Gi Won ),윤신중 ( Yun Sin Jung ),류승필 ( Lyu Seung Pil ) 한국운동영양학회 2003 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.7 No.2

Hydroxycitric acid (HCA) is not interfere fat oxidation during moderate intensity exercise and reduce fat accumulation in the body. Depleted glycogen by exhausted exercise caused fatigue that reduced exercise performance in the continuos day or match. lf considering the effect of HCA, even so, ingestion after exhaustive exercise. Therefore, 500 mg of HCA was intubated to the Sprague-Dawley male rats that have exercise trained for 3-week and exercise on the treadmill until exhaustive. Liver and muscle (soleus, gastrocnemius and quadriceps) glycogen and blood glucose, lactate, and FFA were analyzed. Glycogen contents were reduced after exhaustive exercise then increased 24-h of recovery periods without HCA effect. Blood profiles were not affected by HCA either. These result suggested that HCA effect was showed only during exercise in rats.

운동훈련과 녹차음용이 고지방식이 흰쥐의 혈중지질 및 항산화시스템에 미치는 영향

류승필 ( Lyu Seung Pil ),서효빈 ( Seo Hyo Bin ),김현국 ( Kim Hyeon Gug ),장응찬 ( Jang Eung Chan ),조대승 ( Jo Dae Seung ),이수천 ( Lee Su Cheon ) 한국운동영양학회 2003 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.7 No.1

Green tea polyphenol is widely known to have an antioxidant effect in human and rats. Polyphenol, which extracted from green tea, has bitter taste and hard to gain. Therfore, in the present study, green tea was used as the supplement itself. Thirty two rats were divided into control (CON) and high fat fed (HF) group, and they were sub-grouped as water as a placebo (W) and green tea (GT) ingestion group, respectively. They have exercised on the treadmill and fed 43% of fat diet or normal diet for 5 weeks. Green tea, packed with the leaf, was solved in the hot water (85℃) for 5 min and 100㎖ was supplied every 8 A.M. Blood TC, HDL-C, and TG were analyzed using enzymatic methods and LDL-C was calculated by reported previously. SOD and MDA were analyzed to prove antioxidant effect of green tea. Body weight and food consumption were not significantly different between groups. TC and HDL-C were significantly between CON and HF group (p<0.05). TG was significantly lower in GT of HF group (p<0.05). MDA content was significantly lowed in GT in HF group (p<0.05). These results suggested that green tea ingestion lowers the lipid peroxidation and risk of obese when HF diet fed rats.

대사적 특성이 다른 조직의 Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 활성도

황성혜 ( Hwang Seong Hye ),김기훈 ( Kim Gi Hun ),김용운 ( Kim Yong Un ),이석강 ( Lee Seog Gang ),김종연 ( Kim Jong Yeon ),권태동 ( Kwon Tae Dong ),장응찬 ( Jang Eung Chan ) 한국운동영양학회 2003 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.7 No.3

Fatty acid oxidation rate is dependent on tissues types. It suggests that the tissue have their own special characteristics to be oxidized for yielding ATP. Our hypothesis is that various tissues have their own specific CPT1 activity as different fatty acid oxidation. CPT1 catalyses the rate-determining step in mitochondria fatty acid beta-oxidation. The enzyme is encoded by at least two genes, on of which is expressed preferentially in liver (L-CPT1) and the other in fat and muscle (M-CPT1). In this study, M_CPT1 activity in two different muscle type of skeletal muscles and two differenet adipose tissues were measured at homogenates and mitochondria. At the same time, L-CPT1 acitvity in hepatic and renal tissues were measured at homogenates and mitochondria, L-CPT1 activity (nmole/min/g) in liver homogenate (416±12) was significantly (p<0.001) higher than in kidney (259±12), M-CPT1 activity (nmole/min/g) in skeletal muscle homogenates were significantly (p<0.001) different between red and white skeletal muscles (RG and WG, 135±12 and 48±5, respectively). M-CPT 1 activity in two adipose tissues homogenate, BAT(388±27) was 20 times higher than WAT(19±4). Mitochondrial L-CPT1 activity (nmole/min/mg) was 1.7-fold higher (P<0.01) in liver (2155±304) than kidney (1293±94). Mitochondrial M-CPT1 activity (nmole/min/mg) in RG (4228±1130) was higher (P<0.05) than in WG (3690±345). M-CPT1 activity (nmole/min/mg) in two adipose tissues (Bat and WAT, 4734±350 and 3294±549, respectiverly) was different (P<0.001) between groups. In conclusion, CPT1 activity was varied greatly depending on different tissue types. It suggests that CPT1 activity must regard to study fat metabolism in various tissues.

흰쥐에서 트레드밀 운동이 인슐린 분비에 미치는 영향

장응찬,박덕일,이수천 한국운동영양학회 1997 Physical Activity and Nutrition (Phys Act Nutr) Vol.1 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise upon insulin secretion through male Sprague-Dawlay rats. That is to say, it was to determine whether exercise reduces insulin secretion or not. The rats were randomly divided into seven exercise-trained rats(SG) and seven sedentary rats(SG), and EG was subjected to a six weeks physical training by means of treadmill running four days per week. The experiment on EG was carried out in the state of overnight fast forty-eight hours after the exercise in order to eliminate the effect of the last bout of the exercise. This study was successively performed by three stages to find out insulin secretion response to stimuli for 130 minutes. At first, arginine bolus was injected in basal level, and insulin secretion response to arginine stimulus was evaluated 40 minutes after the injection. Next, hyperglycemic clamp procedure was introduced for 20 minutes, and insulin secretion response to glucose stimulus was evaluated Finally, arginine was additionally infused in the state of a hyperglycemic clamp(stage 2), and insulin secretion response to synergism of both glucose and arginine stimuli was evaluated. The results were as follows. When arginine bolus was injected in basal level, plasma insulin concentration in EG was lower than that in SG. Secretory response of insulin in EG during hyperglycemic clamp was lower than that in SG. When arginine was additionally injected in the state of a hyperglycemic clamp, plasma insulin concentration in EG was lower than that in SG. From the above results, the reduced plasma insulin concentrations in response to these stimuli in EG could be explained either by a blunted sensitivity of the β-cell or by a reduced capacity of the β-cell tp secrete insulin in vivo.

고지방식이가 운동시 흰쥐의 글리코겐 이용에 미치는 영향

민경선,장응찬,김형렬,민진아,신덕수 慶山大學校 2000 論文集 Vol.18 No.1

Carbohydrate and fat ingestion during exercise are essential nutrient, but a number of opinion is different from their contents of food. In this point of view, to study how high-fat dietary contents affects glycogen utilization, 48 female Sprague-Dawley rats were trained on the treadmill trained for 4wk with consuming two high-fat diet and one high-carbohydrate diet. All animals were fed 79%high-fat diet(n=16, 79F), 40% high-fat diet(n=16, 40F), 70% high-carbohydrate diet(n=16, 70C). After the final day of training, one-half of rats in each the three groups were run to exhaustion (E), whereas the remaining rats served as rested controls (R). All animals were trained on a motorized rodent treadmill. The animals ran for 30min/d at 28m/min(0% grade), analysis items were glycogen, body weight and %Fat were measured. All data were examined by means of one-way ANOVA and significance was set at the p<0.05. The Duncan method was used for a post hoc test. Body weight were similar among the 79F, 40F and 70C groups. %Fat was significantly greater in animals that consumed the 79F group than in those on the 70C group (P<0.05), even though similar body weight each other. Generally liver and muscle glycogen concentration had more in 79FR, on the other hand, had less in 79FE compared with the others. The mean overall glycogen utilization rate was depressed in muscle and liver after animals were on the 79% F diet. In summary, the present study has suggested that consumption of 79% F diet during endurance training can lead to an increase in exercise performance in female rats. Some of the consequences training on F diet are an increase in body fat deposition and slower utilization of glycogen during exercise. These data indicate that rats exposed to a high-fat diet are capable of prolonging exercise in spite of limited glycogen stores. This improved capacity for exercise appears to be partially the result of muscular adaptations to the diet, which apparently increase the ability to oxidize fat and concomitantly spare glycogen.

씨름선수에서 체중 감량과 회복기의 Leptin과 PAI-1 변화

김용운,도경오,권태동,박덕일,장응찬,박소영,김종연,이석강 대한스포츠의학회 2000 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.18 No.2

Obesity which is defined as accumulation of excess body fat, is central factor of insulin resistance syndrome. Recently, it is revealed tat adipose tissue is not simply an energy storage organ but it also secretes a variety of molecules which affect the metabolism of the whole body, those are leptin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1). Therefore, leptin and PAI-1 are increased in the obese state. Leptin regulates energy homeostasis and satiety and PAI-1 regulates fibrinolytic system. For these reasons, elevated levels of leptin and PAI-1 are considered as link factors between obesity and insulin resistance syndrome. However, the exact regulating mechanism for serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 is not fully understood yet. In this study, to evaluate the regulating mechanisms of serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 according to the weight changes, we measured leptin, PAI-1, physical, metabolic, and endocrine parameters during 10 days of weight reduction and 10 days of regain period in 7 young athletes. The mean body weight change was -4.7 kg(5.0%) in the weight reduction period and -2.4 kg(2.5%) in the weight regain period compared to baseline value. Baseline level of leptin in athletes was 1.7±0.66 ng/ml, which was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, percent body fat, body fat mass, triglyceride, insulin, and PAI-1. Baseline level of PAI-1 in athletes was 16.6±5.26 ng/ml, which was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, triglyceride, insulin, and leptin. Leptin was decreased to 0.7±0.39(44% of the basaline value) in the weight reduction period, and increased to 1.9±0.64(119% of the baseline value) in the regain period. PAI-1 was decreased to 7.4±2.72(44% of the basaline value) in the weight reduction period, and increased to 22.8±7.33(138% of the baseline value) in the regain period. The changes of leptin during weight reduction period were significantly correlated with the changes of insulin(r=0.890, P<0.01) and triglycerides(r=0.874, P<0.01). The changes of PAI-1 during weight reduction period were significantly correlated with the changes of FFA(r=0.889, P<0.01) and triglycerides(r=0.869, P<0.05). The changes of both leptin and AAI-1 during weight regain period were significantly correlated with the changes of insulin(r=0.755 and 0.849, P<0.05, respectively). In summary, these results suggest that serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 were affected by weight cycling, the percentages of change were more greater than that of weight change, and rebound phenomena were occurred during weight regain period.

흰쥐에서 탄수화물 종류가 운동시 당 및 지질대사에 미치는 영향

권태동,전중기,민경선,김형렬,장응찬 대구대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 基礎科學硏究 Vol.15 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of glucose, sucrose, and glucose polymer(GP) ingestion on the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism during treadmill running in rats. Rats were randomly assigned to normal, control and carbohydrate groups. Carbohydrate group was divided into glucose, sucrose and GP ingested rats. The experiment was carried out after overnight fasting. Rats were administrated either normal saline(control) or carbohydrates solutions of formulated glucose(6%), sucrose(6%) and GP(6%) via polyethlene tube to stomach before treadmill run. Exercise was loaded by a treadmill run at the speed of 1 km/hour for 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The results of experiment were as follows: Plasma glucose levels were decreased in proportion to the exercise time in control, but increased at treadmill run 30 minutes and then gradually decreased with the lapse of the exercise time in carbohydrates compared with normal rats. It decreased in control, glucose, sucrose and GP compared with normal rats in decreasing order at treadmill run 120 minutes(% change of plasma glucose level of control, glucose, sucrose and GP compared with normal rats were 67, 74, 87 and 91 in plasma glucose level at treadmill run 120 min., respectively). Plasma lactate levels were increased by the exercise loading compared with normal in control and carbohydrates ingested rats. It increased in control, sucrose and GP in increasing order compared with normal rats, at treadmill run 120 minutes(% change of plasma lactate level of control, glucose, sucrose and GP compared with normal rats were 167, 185, 149 and 114 in plasma lactate level at treadmill run 120 min., respectively). Plasma FFA levels had tendency to increase by the exercise loading compared with normal in control and carbohydrates ingested rats. It showed increase in the sucrose, glucose, GP and control rats in Increasing order compared with normal rats at treadmill run 120 minutes(% change of plasma FFA level of control, glucose, sucrose and GP compared with normal rats were 151, 153, 166 and 152 in plasma FFA level at treadmill run 120 min., respectively). Plasma acetoacetate levels were higher in control compared with carbohydrates ingested rats at treadmill run 30, 60 and 120 minutes. Plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate levels increased by exercise compared with normal rats in control and carbohydrates ingested rats at treadmill run 30, 60, 120 minutes. Plasma insulin levels were decreased in proportion to the exercise time in control compared with normal rats, but in carbohydrates ingested rats increased at treadmill run 30 minutes and then gradually deceased with the lapse of the exercise time compared with normal. In carbohydrates ingested rats, plasma insulin levies were higher than control. Hematocrit did not show any difference between control and carbohydrates rats at treadmill run 30, 60 and 120 minutes. From these experimental results, it is suggested that the exhaustion of skeletal muscle glycogen, the hypoglycemia, the overproduction of lactate and dehydration is delayed in carbohydrates ingested rats. GP of the carbohydrates is considered as the most effective for these effects. Therefore, intake of carbohydrates before exercise, especially GP seems to increase performance in the prolonged moderate exercise.