방사선 이용 벼 돌연변이 계통 선발 및 농경 형질조사

이인석,김동섭,이상재,송회섭,임용표,이영일,Lee, In-Sok,Kim, Dong-Sub,Lee, Sang-Jae,Song, Hi-Sub,Lim, Yong-Pyo,Lee, Young-Il 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Radiation technique in agriculture was initiated to develop mutant rice. Seeds of Daechungbyeo rice were irradiated with 250 Gy gamma ray for the purpose of inducing and selecting rice variants. Some quantitative traits of the variants in M$_{8}$ generation were evaluated and RAPD analysis was carried out. Variants showed a wider range of agronomic characteristics in both a positive and a negative direction compared with their original variety. The new mutants were characterized by an increased or decreased in plant height, lodging resistance and shorter panicle. RAPD analysis showed that polymorphic bands were presented in most of the primers. In comparison with the original variety, variants were classified into four groups through UPGMA analysis. Among mutants no. 91, 139, 140 and 141 was ranked as salt tolerance and the proline content of these mutants was more increased than that of original variety. The lines of 139, 140 and 141 had the highest genetic distance as compared to original variety in the dendrogram. It is expected that such variants will be useful not only for studying molecular genetics but also for breeding research and genetic analysis.s. 본 실험은 방사선 처리에서 유기된 벼 변이계통의 몇 가지 농경 형질 분석 및 RAPD 분석을 통하여 방사선 이용 돌연변이 육종연구를 위한 기초적인 자료를 얻기 위하여 실시하였다. 1. 방사선에 의해 선발된 변이 계통의 초장, 수장 및 내도복성 형질은 모품종과 비교하여 정 (+)및 부 (-)의 방향으로 작용하였다. 2. RAPD 분석에 의해 계통 간 polymorphic band를 관찰할 수 있었고, UPGMA에 의해 변이계통를 4 groups으로 분류할 수 있었다. 3. 변이체들 중 계통 91, 139, 140 및 141은 내염성 형질을 나타냈고, 유리 proline 함량이 모품종보다 유의성 있는 증가를 나타내었다. 4. 139, 140 및 141 계통은 dendrogram에서 같은 그룹을 이루었고 모품종과 가장 먼 유전적 거리를 나타내었다. 5. 이러한 계통들은 육종 및 분자유전 연구에 유용한 재료로 이용될 수 있다.

방사선 처리에 의해 유도된 돌연변이 벼의 주요 특징

이인석,김동섭,최수련,송희섭,이상재,임용표,이영일,Lee, In-Sok,Kim, Dong-Sup,Choi, Su-Ryun,Song, Hi-Sup,Lee, Sang-Jae,Lim, Yong-Pyo,Lee, Young-Il 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.3

Radiation technique has been used to develope mutant rice. Suwon 345 rice seeds were irradiated with 250 Gy gamma ray. Morphological characteristics of the variants in M$_{8}$ generation were observed and random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) analysis was carried out. Plant height, panicle length, 1,000 grain weight and lodging were very different in mutants compared with donor cultivar. RAPD analysis showed that polymorphic bands were presented in several primers of the mutants. In comparison with original variety, variants were classified into four group through UPGMA analysis. A group has mutation trait in panicle length, B group in plant height and C group in 1,000 grain weight. Among mutants, no. 46 and 147 was ranked as salt tolerance and the malonaldehyde content of these mutants was more increased than that of original variety. Valuable mutants obtained will be useful for developing new cultivars and for studing gene function in molecular level.l.

HPLC를 이용한 지역 농산물의 비타민 B₆ 함량 분석

최소라 ( So-ra Choi ),송은주 ( Eun-ju Song ),송영은 ( Young-eun Song ),최민경 ( Min-kyung Choi ),한현아 ( Hyun-ah Han ),이인석 ( In-sok Lee ),신소희 ( So-hee Shin ),이기권 ( Ki-kwon Lee ),최용민 ( Young-min Choi ),김행란 ( Haeng-r 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.4

Contents of water soluble vitamin B6 in a total of 62 agricultural products cultivated in local areas in Korea were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detector (HPLC/FLD). To verify the method of vitamin B6 analysis, a quality control chart was formulated with in-house control using a mixture of broccoli and shiitake mushrooms. Among cereals, high content of vitamin B6 measured 234.3~260.3 μg/100 g in dried mung bean and soybean. Vitamin B6 content of non-glutinous and glutinous black rice measured 105.0 μg/100 g and 129.7 μg/100 g, respectively. In vegetables, high content of vitamin B6 were measured in passion fruit (104.3 μg/100 g), gat (55.7~84.3 μg/100 g), gomchwi (31.3~88.0 μg/100 g) and garlic (72.7~98.3 μg/100 g). Among fruits, gold kiwi 'Zespri' and green kiwi 'Hayward' revealed high vitamin B6 content of 116.3 μg/100 g and 78.7 μg/100 g, respectively. In persimmons, daebongsi had high vitamin B6 content (36.0~72.7 μg/100 g) than bansi and sweet persimmon. Vitamin B₆ content in dried jujube and persimmon increased more than 86.7 μg/100 g compared to fresh materials. Among specialty crops, green tea powder (64.7~251.0 μg/100 g) and sansuyu (172.3 μg/100 g) revealed high content. Of mushrooms, vitamin B6 content of Sparassis crispa (139.3 μg/100 g) was the highest. Vitamin B6 content information of agricultural products in local areas in Korea collected from this experiment will be used as valuable preliminary data for grasp national nutritional status.

방사선을 이용한 내염성 계통의 기내선발 및 특징

이인석,김동섭,현도윤,임용표,이영일,Lee, In-Sok,Kim, Dong-Sub,Hyun, Do-Yoon,Lim, Yong-Pyo,Lee, Young-Il 한국식물생명공학회 2002 식물생명공학회지 Vol.29 No.4

1.5% NaCl이 함유된 배지에 캘러스를 치상하여 방사선을 처리한 결과 무처리구보다 처리구 (30, 50 Gy)에서 캘러스 생존율 및 재분화율이 증가하여 내염성 캘러스를 선발하는데 방사선의 적용이 효과적임을 알 수 있었고, 내염성 캘러스에서 재분화된 M$_3$세대 종자에서 내염성 계통들은 모품종보다 초장, 근장 및 근수의 생육이 우수하여 이러한 계통은 내염성 연구를 위한 유용한 유전자원으로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 또한 RAPD 기술은 대조구와 내염성 캘러스에서 재분화된 계통을 구분하는데 유용한 기술임을 알 수 있었다. The combination of radiation technique with an in vitro culture system was initiated to develop salt tolerant rice. We established an in vitro culture system to select tolerant lines against salt stress. NaCl tolerant cell lines were selected from the callus irradiated with gamma ray on N$_{6}$ medium with 1.5% NaCl and 2 mg/L 2,4-D. Regenerants (M$_1$) were obtained from the tolerant callus which was cultured for 30 days auxin-free medium. The M$_2$seeds were harvested from M$_1$plants on an individual plant basis. Thirty seedlings from each 450 M$_2$lines were transplanted in a field and total 5,000 M$_3$lines were harvested with an average 90 percent of fertile grain. M$_3$lines were utilized for selection of salt tolerance. Salinity-tolerant lines (225) were selected among 5,000 M$_3$lines. Of the 225 lines tested, the morphological traits of two lines (120-10 and -11) were far superior to control (Donagjinbyeo) in agromomic traits such as plant height, root length and no. of roots. Control and tolerant lines were analyzed by RAPD markers. Three polymorphic bands were presented in only tolerant lines, demonstrating a genetic difference between control and the tolerant lines. Such tolerant lines could be used as genetic resources to improve salt tolerance.e.

고품질 볏짚 사일리지 제조를 위한 다양한 유산균주 평가

이인석,이송이,최민경,강찬호,김정만,Lee, In-Sok,Lee, Song-Yee,Choi, Min-Kyung,Kang, Chan-Ho,Kim, Jeong-Man 한국작물학회 2018 한국작물학회지 Vol.63 No.2

현재 국내에는 C사에서 생산하는 한 종의 사일리지 제조 유산균이 있다. 본 연구는 이를 대체할 균주를 선발하기 위해서 사일리지의 특성과 사료가치를 분석하였다. C사의 유산균(CMRT, 비교균주)보다 우수한 균주를 선발하기 위해 김치에서 발견한 유산균 4종(Lactobacillus. leuconostoc mesenteroides M17, L. sakei C11, M5, SP2)을 이용하였다. 성장속도를 측정할 수 있는 흡광도는 L. sakei C11이 가장 높았고, 향은 M17이 제조 20일부터 비교균주와 유사하였다. M17의 pH는 비교 균주보다 낮았다. 단백질 함량은 M17의 사일리지에서 비교균주의 사일리지보다 유의성 있는 증가를 보였다. 유기산 중 초산과 낙산은 검출되지 않았고 젖산은 4개의 선발균주가 비교균주보다 높았다. 4개의 선발 균주 ADF와 NDF의 함량은 비교균주와 비교시 각각11~24% 및 13~20% 낮아 유의성(p < 0.05)있는 차이를 보였다. 비교균주 TDN은 평균 63.44%로 4개의 선발균주의 TDN 값(66.05~69.65)보다 낮은 유의성(p < 0.05)있는 감소를 보였다. 한편 상대사료가치(RFV)는 비교균주 사일리지에서 107.35로 2등급(RFV 124~103)에 해당하는 품질이었으나 4개의 선발 균주 사일리지는 특(RFV 151 이상)~1등급(RFV 125~150)에 해당하여 선발 균주의 사일리지가 품질이 우수한 것으로 조사되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 선발 균주 중 M17에 의해 제조된 사일리지는 비교균주(CMRT) 사일리지 보다 pH, ADF 및 NDF가 낮고, 단백질, 젖산 및 상대사료가치가 높아 고품질의 사일리지 생산이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.

전북지역 간척지에서 최고품질 벼 품종의 작물학적·이화학적 특성 비교 및 선발

최창학,김갑철,이덕렬,조승현,조대호,이송이,이인석,Choi, Chang-Hak,Kim, Kab-Cheol,Lee, Deok-Ryeol,Cho, Seung-Hyun,Cho, Dae-Ho,Lee, Song-Yi,Lee, In-Sok 한국작물학회 2018 한국작물학회지 Vol.63 No.3

The main objective of this study was to identify the best quality rice for cultivation on reclaimed land in Jeollabukdo-Province based on yield, head rice ratio, protein content, amylose content, and Toyo taste value evaluations. Seven varieties of rice were grown for two years on the reclaimed land. The Sukwang variety had the earliest heading date. The tiller number for the Younghojinmi variety was 19 on average, and its variation in tiller number was the lowest, which showed that the safety for cultivation of the variety was high on the reclaimed land with respect to that of the other varieties. The culm and panicle lengths of the Sukwang and Hyunpum varieties were the highest at 81.8 and 21.3 cm, respectively. Shindongjin produced the highest thousand grain weight at 27.7 g, whereas Haepum produced the lowest at 22.3 g. The number of grains per panicle for 7 all varieties was statistically equal for both years. The yield order for the varieties was Shindongjin (590) > Hopum (575) > Younghojinmi (552) > Sukwang (551) > Hopum (543) > Mipum (534) > Haepum (498 kg/10a), which showed that there was no significant difference in average yield between the varieties when both years are taken into consideration. However, the annual difference in Haepum yield between 2015 and 2016 was the highest at 108 kg/10a, indicating low cultivation safety. The head rice ratio of Younghojinmi was higher than for the other cultivars in both 2015 and 2016. However, there was no significant difference between the 2 years when the averages for all varieties were analyzed. There was was a considerable difference in protein and amylose content between the varieties in the two years, although this was not apparent in the results when the average over 2 years for each variety was calculated. There was no significant difference between the two years with respect to the average head rice ratio, and the protein and amylose contents of the seven varieties. The Toyo taste values for the Sukwang and Mipum varieties were higher than for the other varieties. Based on the principle characteristics, such as Toyo value, the Sukwang variety is a suitable substitute for Shindongjin, which has been previously used to produce high-quality rice on the reclaimed land.

벼멸구 저항성 유전자와 내염성과의 연관

양대화,김진홍,위승곤,백명화,임상용,이인석,이규성,이명철,임용표,정병엽,김재성,Yang Dae Hwa,Kim Jin-Hong,Wi Seung Gon,Baek Myung-Hwa,Lim Sang Yong,Lee In Sok,Lee Kyu-Seong,Lee Myung Chul,Lim Yong-Pyo,Chung Byung Yeoup,Kim Jae-Sung 한국생명과학회 2005 생명과학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Using two japonica rice cultivars (Ilpumbyeo and Sanghaehyanghyella), which are distinguishable by the brown planthopper (BHP) resistance maker (R208), a relationship between the BPH resistance gene (Os-Bil) and salt-tolerance was investigated. To do this, changes in the expression level of Os-Bil by the salt stress were quantified by the real-time PCR in the two cultivars, and compared with those in other two indica rice cultivars (Pokkali and IR29). In Ilpumbyeo, the expression level of Os-Bil decreased by the treatments of 50 and 200 mM NaCl in a concentration-dependent manner, and in Sanghaehyanghyella it rather increased slightly at 50 mM but decreased drastically at 200 mM. Comparably, IR29, a salt-sensitive cultivar, showed a reduction of the Os-Bil gene expression after the treatment of 100 mM NaCl, but Pokkali, a salt-tolerance cultivar, rather increased about two times in the level of Os-Bil transcripts. These results suggest that the BPH resistance gene may involve in the difference in the salt-tolerance at least between the two indica rice cultivars. 벼멸구(Nilapawata lugens Stal.)에 대한 저항성 마커 (R208)에서 확실한 차이를 보인 두 자포니카 품종(일품벼과 상해향혈나)을 대상으로 벼멸구 저항성 유전자(Os-Bil)와 내염성과의 관련성을 조사하였다. 이를 위해 두 품종에서 염처리에 의한 Os-Bil 발현량의 변화를 real-time PCR을 이용해 정량화 하였으며, 인디카 두 품종(Pokkali와 IR29)의 결과와 비교하였다. 일품벼는 50, 200 mM NaCl 처리에서 Os-Bil 유전자의 발현량이 농도 의존적으로 감소하였으며, 상해향혈나는 50mM에서만 약간 증가하고 200mM에서는 크게 감소하였다. 비교해서, 내염성인 Pokkali는 Os-Bil의 발현량이 100 mM의 NaCl 처리에 의해 약 2배 증가하였으나 감수성인 IR29는 같은 농도에서 발현량이 감소하였다. 이러한 결과들은 벼멸구 저항성 유전자(Os-Bil)가 적어도 인디카 품종들의 내염성 차이에 관여함을 의미하는 것으로 보인다.

여교잡을 통한 케나프 바이오매스 우수 계통 선발

이인석(In-Sok Lee),강찬호(Chan-Ho Kang),이진재(Jin-Jae Lee),김희준(Hee-Jun Kim) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.3

Multipurpose utilization, including as rope, pulp, and filtration media, is what makes kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) special. Thisexperiment was conducted to select elite pedigrees with high biomass production through backcrosses. The agronomic performance, fuelcharacteristics, and histological analysis of the elite lines were investigated at the BC1F2 generation in comparison with the Control. Significantdifferences were observed in 12 evaluations of variety and pedigrees. Five plants, including the two Controls (Jangdae and Hongma300) andthree pedigrees, showed a large difference in the number of flowering days from July 5 to September 30. The plant height of BC100-10(447 cm) was the highest among the genotypes. Regarding branch number, BC100-15 showed the best performance with 29 branches. Stemdry weight was found to be the lowest in Jangdea at 792 g, whereas BC100-17 showed the highest dry weight. Hongma did not set seedsowing to late flowering. However, with 34 g/plant on average, three elite lines had more seeds than Jangdae (16 g/plant), which are vulnerableto decay owing to viviparous germination. In the fuel characteristics analysis, the heating value of the three elite lines ranged from 4,510to 4,930 kcal/kg, which was much higher than that of the two Controls (4,320 kcal/kg). The ash content analysis indicated the lowest valueat 3.2% for the line BC100-10, which was similar to Korea’s 3rd-grade. Based on the histological analysis of the stem, the pedigrees wereclose to Hongma. Taken together, these three elite lines would be useful as genetic resources for high biomass production.

천마의 젖산발효에 따른 이취성분 및 Parishin 유도체의 변화

송영은 ( Young Eun Song ),이인석 ( In Sok Lee ),송은주 ( Eun Ju Song ),최민경 ( Min Kyung Choi ),한현아 ( Hyun Ah Han ),신소희 ( So Hee Shin ),최소라 ( So Ra Choi ),이기권 ( Ki Kwon Lee ),김명곤 ( Myung Kon Kim ),박신영 ( Shin You 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.5

Gastrodia elata Blume often has been used for the treatment of headaches, convulsions, hypertension, and neurodegenerative diseases. The main active constituents are gastrodin, 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol, vanillyl alcohol, 4-hydroxybenzylaldehyde and parishin A, B, C and E. Because Gastrodia elata has also unacceptable off-odor (swine barnyard-like) for food, there is a need to reduce it as well as allow for greater utilization as a functional food materials. In this study, a major off-odor producing substance of Gastrodia elata was fractionated by steam distillation and silica gel column chromatography. The substance was identified as p-cresol(4-methyl phenol) by GC-MS analysis and comparison of the retention time with that of an authentic compound in GC. The content of p-cresol in fermented Gastrodia elata was decreased. A fermented sample of Latobacillus sakei for 2 days was reduced to 54.7%, when compared with a unfermented sample. The five parishin derivatives in Gastrodia elata were identified by HPLC-MS analyses, and a comparison of HPLC retention times with those of authentic compounds. When compared with parishin derivatives of an unfermented Gastrodia elata, those of Gastrodia elata fermented by L. sakei, increased to 18.3% for 2 days. Increases of about 14.0~38.4% of the total phenolic compounds and 57.4~77.3% total flavonoids were found in fermented extracts, by 3 lactic acid bacteria strains. They were compared with 97.1±2.9 μg/g and 40.9±2.0 μg/g in the unfermented control, respectively. The extracts of Gastrodia elata Blume that were fermented by lactic acid bacteria had higher DPPH free radical scavenging activity and FRAP reducing power than the unfermented control.

AZCA 저항성 돌연변이 세포주로부터 선발 육성만 내염성 벼 돌연변이 계통의 특성 검정

송재영,김동섭,이긍주,이인석,강권규,윤성중,강시용,Song, Jae-Young,Kim, Dong-Sub,Lee, Geung-Joo,Lee, In-Sok,Kang, Kwon-Kyoo,Yun, Song-Joong,Kang, Si-Yong 한국식물생명공학회 2007 식물생명공학회지 Vol.34 No.1

본 연구는 벼 배 배양 캘러스에 방사선 조사와 AZCA 처리를 통해 AZCA저항성 세포주를 선발 육성하고 proline 함량이 증가된 선발 계통을 중심으로 염분 스트레스에 저항성을 갖는 벼 계통을 육성하고 그 기작을 밝히고자 하였다. 먼저, 1) AZCA 저항성 후대로부터 NaCl 저항성 식물체를 선발하고, 2) 선발된 저항성 계통의 생리적 생화학적 특성을 분석하였으며, 3) 분자적 특성을 RT-PCR을 통해 조사하고 유전적 변이를 탐색하였다. AZCA저항성 $M_{3}$ 3,000 계통으로부터 얻어진 약 20,000 종자에 염분 적정 선발 농도로 밝혀진 1.5%의 염분을 처리하여 내염성 (ST) 벼 116 개체를 선발하고, $M_{4}$ 후대 세대를 양성하였다. $ST\;M_{4}$ 세대에서 2차 내염성 계통 선발을 위해서 $M_{4}$ 세대계통을 1.2% NACl 에서 대조구와 생육 조사한 결과, 대조구 식물은 생육이 약하고 성장이 지연되는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 내염성 계통(ST-13, ST-16)으로부터 유도된 캘러스에 NaCl 처리한 결과, 대조구, ST-13, ST-16의 생존율은 9%, 16%, 20%로 나타났다. 또한, 필수 아미노산 함량을 잎, 종자 및 캘러스로 나누어 분석한 결과 ST-13와 ST-16는 대조구와 비교하여, 1) 잎에서는 약 1.24, 1.3배, 2) 종자에서는 1.49, 2.43배, 3) 캘러스에서는 1.32, 1.60배 증가하는 것이 확인되었다. 내염성 계통과 대조구에서 이온함량을 비교한 결과 잎과 뿌리에서 $K^{+},\;Na^{+}$ 및 $Na^{+}/K^{+}$ 비율을 보면 대조구보다 $Na^{+}/K^{+}$ 비율이 낮아진 것이 확인되었다. 내염성과 연관된 유전자 P5CS, NHXI를 이용하여 RT-PCR 실험을 수행한 결과, 돌연변이 계통에서 이들 유전자의 발현이 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 선발된 계통은 내염성 육종 및 기초 연구를 위한 재료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. To develop rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars to be planted on salt-affected sites, cell lines with enhanced proline content and resistance to growth inhibition by Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid (AZCA), a proline analogue, were screened out among calli irradiated with gamma ray of 50, 70, 90, and 120 Gy. The calli had been derived from embryo culture of the cultivar Donganbyeo. Selected AZCA resistant lines that had high proline accumulation were used as sources for selection of NaCl resistant lines. To determine an optimum concentration for selection of NaCl resistant lines, Donganbyeo seeds were initially cultured on the media containing various NaCl concentrations (0 to 2.5%) for 40 days, and 1.5% NaCl concentration was determined as the optimum concentration. One hundred sixteen salt-tolerant (ST) lines were selected from bulked 20,000 seeds of the AZCA resistant $M_{3}$ seeds in the medium containing 1.5% NaCl. The putative 33 lines ($M_{4}$ generation) considered with salt-tolerance were further analyzed for salt tolerance, amino acid and ion contents, and expression patterns of the salt tolerance-related genes. Out of the 33 lines, 7 lines were confirmed to have superior salt tolerance. Based on growth comparison of the entries, the selected mutant lines exhibited greater shoot length with average 1.5 times, root length with 1.3 times, root numbers with 1.1 times, and fresh weight with 1.5 times than control. Proline contents were increased maximum 20%, 100% and 20% in the leaf, seed and callus, respectively, of the selected lines. Compared to control, amino acid contents of the mutants were 24 to 29%, 49 to 143%, 32 to 60% higher in the leaf, seed and callus, respectively. The ratio of $Na^{+}/K^{+}$ for most of the ST-lines were lower than that of control, ranging from 1.0 to 3.8 for the leaf and 11.5 to 28.5 for the root, while the control had 3.5 and 32.9 in the leaf and root, respectively. The transcription patterns for the P5CS and NHXI genes observed by RT-PCR analysis indicated that these genes were actively expressed under salt stress. The selected mutants will be useful for the development of rice cultivar resistant to salt stress.