검진 기관에서의 선별 유방촬영술 시행에 따른 연령 제한의 필요성에 대한 연구

윤하얀,이춘미,안의경,김용환,Yun, Ha-Yan,Lee, Choon-Mi,Ahn, Ui-Kyeong,Kim, Yong-Hwan 대한디지털의료영상학회 2010 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지 Vol.12 No.1

National Cancer Screening Project and Korean Society of Breast Imaging recommend that breast cancer screening should be performed on those aged 40 and above. Nevertheless, this recommendation is usually ignored by a number of medical institutions. The purpose of this study is to emphasize the necessity of an age limitation in screening mammography. Ten institutions were randomly selected and telephone inquiries about patients' age limitation and internal guidelines were set up. The 3,214 women, who underwent screening mammography through 'GE Senography 2000D' in each hospital, were classified into five groups according to age(from 20s to 40s, at intervals of 5). And then, collected data was analyzed by a radiologist in accordance with ACR-BIRADS(American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System), through which breast parenchymal density and the results of analysis were categorized in order to predict the sensitivity of mammography. Information about craniocaudal-view mammograms was automatically produced by use of GE Senography 2000D, and the average glandular dose was retrospectively analyzed through the program 'Excel 2007.' Two institutions did not set the age limitation. Other seven institutions internally allowed those who wanted to receive mammography regardless of age. Approximately 99% of those aged 20 to 29 were judged as having the dense breast. In those aged 35 to 39, breast parenchymal density tended to be lower, but the fatty breast to increase. In the case of 'category-zero' that does not need additional tests, the rate of 'heterogeneously dense' and 'extremely dense' reached to 83.1% and 15.1% respectively. Regarding dense breasts, there was no sufficient information for image reading. The glandular dose, applied to 3,214, was 1.47mGy on the average. In those aged 20 to 24 who are sensitive to radiation, the average glandular dose indicated 1.59mGy. Those aged 35 and above showed the lowest value, 1.43mGy. In those aged 35 to 39, the breast tended to change from denseness to fattiness. The average glandular dose was lowest in those aged 35 and above, which suggests that screening mammography should be periodically performed on those aged 35 and above in order that breast cancer may be early detected. On the other hand, in those aged less than 35, it is difficult to analyze mammograms due to the high density of breast parenchyma, and also retakes become frequent. In particular, subjects may be exposed to excessive doses. Accordingly, it should be substituted by breast self-examination or clinical breast examination. In case of need, it is advisable to perform ultrasonography.

서해 신안 장산 남부해역의 육상오염원 환경특성 분석

윤하얀,신용식,Yoon, Hayan,Shin, Yongsik 한국해양생명과학회 2017 한국해양생명과학회지 Vol.2 No.2

This study examined the environmental characteristics of shore pollution sources in the southern part of the Sinan, Jangsando area in the West Coast of Korea. A shoreline survey of the watershed was conducted to identify the pollution sources and measure the water discharge rate and microbial hygiene of water and finally estimate the possible impact area of pollution. Forty five of pollution sources in total were identified and they were grouped into sewage (33), agriculture waste water (1) and waste water from inland fish farm (11). Nine among them were discharged into the seawater and discharge volume was 72,857~281,250 l/min. Fecal coliforms of St. 72 (sewage) and St. 74 (shrimp farm) were 490 MPN/100 ml and 49 MPN/100 ml and the impact zones of the pollution were 4,389 m and 1,900 m respectively.

[P8-338] 차(茶) 향기성분의 피부개선효과

마승진,천길용,윤하얀,손영란,최정연,고기봉,정재천 한국식품영양과학회 2010 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2010 No.10

X선발생 장비에서 나오는 DAP값과 NDD방법론을 이용한 선량 비교연구

이승현(Seunghyun Lee),임명상(Myeongsang Lim),윤하얀(donghyun Lim),임동현(hayan Yoon),홍준기(jungi Hong),김정욱(Jeonguk Kim),이경호(kyung ho Lee) 대한영상의학기술학회 2014 대한영상의학기술학회 논문지 Vol.2014 No.1

목 적 :  최근 피폭선량에 대한 관심이 증대하면서 환자의 피폭선량을 측정하기 위해 각 장비회사 마다 고유한 선량 프로그램인 DAP(Dose Area Product)meter가 제작 및 제공되고 있으며 이 장비를 통해 환자의 입사표면선량(Entrance Surface Doses:ESD)을 간접적으로 계측할 수 있다. 이외에도 여러 간접적인 접근을 통해 입사표면선량의 계측이 가능한데 이러한 방법은 광자극발광선량계(OSL) 및 Unfors(특징가재)를 이용한 입사표면선량의 직접적인 측정과 비교했을 때 오차가 발 생한다. 따라서 본 연구는 입사표면선량에 대해 간적접인 방식으로 계산되어진 값이 직접 실측된 값에 근접하는 방법을 찾고 이를 통해 환자의 피폭선량을 저감하는 방안을 모색해보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 장비는 인버터 방식의 필립스 디지털DIAGNOST를 사용하였고 Rando Phantom 을 이용하여 흉부, 요추, 골반 세 부위를 측정하였다. 각 부위에 대한 검사조건은 일정하게 하고 필터의 변화에 따라 실험하였다. 먼저 직접적인 방식으로 Rando Phantom에 광자극발광 선량계를 각 검사부위에 3개씩 부착하였고 Unfors 선량계를 각 검사부위에 부착하여 입사표면선량을 직접 측정하였다. 모든 실험은 표준편차를 줄이기 위해 3회 반복진행 하였다. 직접 측정 방식과 같은 검 사 조건을 간접적 방식에 적용시켜 DAP meter를 이용하여 계산된 값과 NDD방법론(Non Dosimeter Dosimetry)중 실험장비에 적합한 Mori법 Switzerland법을 통해 계산된 값으로 입사표 면선량을 구하였다. 5가지의 실험방법을 통해 얻어진 입사표면선량값을 비교분석하였다. 결 과 : 각 검사법에 대한 ESD Value 비교에서 NDD(Switzerland)>OSL>NDD(Mori) >Unfors>DAP 의 순으로 도출이 되었다. 이는 입사표면선량(ESD)을 측정하는 방법에 따라 도출 값의 상이함을 알 수가 있었으나, OSL과 NDD방법론은 BSF를 포함되어 있는 수치임으로 높게 도출 되었다. 그리고 Switzerland법와 Mori법을 비교해봤을 때 Mori법이 조금은 더 높은 정확도로 나타 내었다. 반면 Unfors나 DAP meter를 이용한 ESD계산식을 이용한 값은 단순한 1차선을 계산한 방 법으로 접근하여 다른 방법보다 낮게 도출 되었다. 결 론 : DAP meter를 이용한 ESD계산식을 후방산란계수를 고려하지 않고 계산함으로써 광자극 선량계(OSL)와 오차율 비교 시 입사표면선량 값 중 후방산란계수 값에 대한 범위를 예측할 수 있 었으며, fliter조합별 우위성도 알 수 있었다. 또한, 현재 알려진NDD방법론은 각 나라별 특성 및 체 격조건을 적용한 식으로 한국 선량계산법이 하루빨리 개발되어 이를 적절히 이용한다면 영세한 병 의원의 부담을 줄이며 국민피폭관리가 가능하리라 사료된다. Purpose : In line with the recent growing interest in exposure dose, each medical equipment companies have manufactured and provided own unique dosimetric programs of Dose Area Product (DAP) meters to measure patients’ exposure dose. These devices are able to measure the Entrance Surface Doses (ESD) in directly. Other than this, there are multiple ways to measure the ESD in indirect ways and these methods are prone to an error compared with direct measurement by utilizing the OSL and Unfors. In this recognition, this research seeks to explore ways for indirectly-calculated values to get closer to the actual measurement values in order to find how to reduce a patient’s exposure dose. Materials and Methods : For the purpose of this research, Philips Digital Diagnost has been employed herein and by utilizing Rando Phantom, we measured patients’ chest, lumbar and pelvis. Examination requirements for each part were maintained constantly and the experiment was conducted according to filter changes. First, for a direct method, we attached 3 Optically Stimulated Luminescent Dosimeters on each Rando Phantom examination part and Unfors on each examination part to measure directly the ESD. To reduce the standard deviation for all experiments herein, we repeated the process 3 times. We calculated ESD values by using the value produced through the Mori method and Switzerland method which are more appropriate for the experiment devices herein among the DAP meter-based method. We compared and analyzed ESD values obtained from 5 different experimental methods. Result : We compared ESD values of each examination methods and found the order of NDD(Switzerland)>OSL>NDD(Mori)>Unfors>DAP. This shows the resulted values are different according to ESD measurement methods. As for the OSL and NDD, the values were higher as they included the BSF. Compared with the Switzerland methods, the Mori measurement showed slightly higher accuracy whereas Unfors or DAP memter-based ESD calculation gave lower values than others for they calculated just a simple 1 dimensional line. Conclusion : By operating the DAP meter-based ESD calculation equation without considering the back-scattering factor, we could estimate the range of the back-scattering factor and filter combination-specific predominance among the ESD values during the error rate comparison with the OSL. As the currently-known NDD method used each country-specific characteristics and physical conditions, South Korea’s dosimetric calculation method needs to be improved as soon as possible for more appropriate use of the NDD method. By doing so, we expect smaller hospitals and clinics could reduce their burden further while ensuring nation-wide exposure dose control.

Paenibacillus jamilae BRC15-1의 Cellulase 생산 최적화

차영록(Young-Lok Cha),윤영미(Young-Mi Yoon),윤하얀(Ha-Yan Yoon),김중곤(Jung Kon Kim),양지영(Ji-Young Yang),나한별(Han-Beur Na),안종웅(Jong-Woong Ahn),문윤호(Youn-Ho Moon),최인후(In-Hu Choi),유경단(Gyeong-Dan Yu),이지은(Ji-Eun Lee),안기 한국생물공학회 2015 KSBB Journal Vol.30 No.6

In this study was selected the cellulolytic microorganism and investigated optimum condition of cellulase production for the cellulosic bioethanol production. A bacterial strain Paenibacillus jamilae BRC15-1, was isolated from soil of domestic reclaimed land. For optimizing cellulase production from the selected strain, various culture parameters were investigated such as culture medium, pH (pH 4~10), temperature (25~50℃) and culture time (2~72 h). As a result, P. jamilae BRC15-1 efficiently produced cellulase from cellulosic biomass under following conditions: 24 h of culture time (pH 7, 40℃) in manufactured media of CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) with peptone. Optimum saccharifying condition of crude enzyme produced from P. jamilae BRC15-1 was identified on pH 6 and 40℃ of reaction temperature, respectively. This crude enzyme from P. jamilae BRC15-1 was used for saccharification of pretreated sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var. dulciusculum Ohwi) bagasse under the optimal condition. Finally, pretreated sweet sorghum bagasse including 0.1 g of glucan was saccharified by crude enzyme of P. jamilae BRC15-1 into 2.75 mg glucose, 0.79 mg xylose and 1.12 mg arabinose.

일반촬영 대기시간 모니터링을 통한 환자 집중도 분석 및 개선

이순근,김정욱,안의경,김규태,김영식,진종택,차정희,이춘미,한상구,박명래,강미숙,김지혜,홍준기,임동현,윤하얀 한국의료QA학회 2009 가을학술대회 Vol.2009 No.2