과실 및 채소류에 대한 유기 인계 농약의 잔류소장

禹基大 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.4 No.2

Sumithion and EPN residues on grapes, EPN and Diazinon on chinese cabbage, Parathion on peaches, Dimethoate on tomatoes, and EPN and Malathion on cucumber were analyzed in terms of 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after last application for the pesticides safty use. From the disappearance rate for various organo-phosphate insecticides on vegetables and fruit crops, following results are obtained. 1. On Chinese cabbage, Diazinon residues were 0.25∼0.38p.p.m three weeks after one application, and EPN were 1.39∼2.69p.p.m seven days after one application and 0.96∼2.34p.p.m two weeks after twice application. 2. EPN residues on grapes were 1.09∼1.80p.p.m seven days after one application and 0.96∼2.34p.p.m two weeks after twice application. 2. EPN residues on grapes were 1.09∼1.80p.p.m seven days after one application and Sumithion were 0.17∼0.53p.p.m fourteen days after one application. 3. On peaches, Parathion residues were 0.40∼0.61p.p.m two weeks after last application. 4. Dimethoate residues on tomatoes were 0.14p.p.m seven days after four times application. 5. On cucumber, EPN residues were 2.11∼2.14p.p.m three days after twice application, and Malathion were 0.46p.p.m 3 day after four times application but 0.062∼0.025p.p.m three days after last application. 6. Rate of degradation of organo-phosphate chemicals is inversely related to half-life of its. 7. Minimum intervals between last treatment and harvest to prevent unsafty residues are as follows. 7 days for EPN with one application and 14 days with twice application on chinese cabbage, 3 days on cucumber and 7 days on grape, 14 days for parathion, 7 days for dimethoate on tomatoes, 0 to 3 days for Malathion on cucumber, 21 days for Sumithion on grape, 21 days on chinese cabbage for Diazinon.

Sumithion 분제의 성분 변화에 영향을 미치는 증량제의 특성에 관한 연구

우기대,한성식,금소승,안신훈,이춘영 한국응용곤충학회 1971 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.10 No.2

증량제의 특성 중 Sumithion 분제의 주성분 분해에 영향을 미치는 요인을 밝힐 목적으로 시험하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 가. 증량제의 특성 중 수분함량, 흡습성, C.E.C. 활성천, 염기총량, 표면적 등이 Sumithion 분제의 주성분 분해에 영향을 미치는 요인이 됨을 알았고, 나. 증량제에 의한 Sumithion의 분해산물은 Dimethyl phosphorothionate와 3-methyl-4-nirophenol 및 이의 유연화함은, n-hexane, ethyl ether 불용, methyl alcohol, ethyl, alcohol가용의 화함물이 있음을 알았다. 다. 증량제의 종류별로는 벤토나이트, 규조로, 카올린, 활석의 순으로 분해율이 높았다. 라. 그리고 증랑제의 Sumithion 분제 주성분 변화에 영향을 미치는 특성 중 수분과 염기가 가장 대표적인 주성분 분해 요인으로 보인다. In order to find out the decomposing factors of Sumithion in mineral diluents, the physical and chemical properties of the diluents such as talcs, bentonites, diatomaceous earth and other clay minerals was studied in relation to the decomposition rate of Sumithion in dust formulations. The total base, moisture adsorption capacity, pH, specific surface, water contents, active , ignition loss and cation exchange capacity were analysed as the properties of mineral diluents, and these properties were correlated with the stability of Sumithion in dust formulations. And in hope of finding out the main factors among those properties of diluents, the decomposed products of Sumithion in dust formulations prepared with standard Sumithion were separated by the methods of column chromatography and investigated by thin layer chromatography. The following results were otbained, 1. The total base, moisture adsorption capacity, specific surface, water contents, active and cation exchange capacity of mineral diluents were found to be highly effective on the rate of decomposition of Sumithion in dust formulations. 2. Decomposed products of Sumithion in dust formulations were found to be dimethylphosphorothionate, 3-methyl-4-nitro phenol and its derivatives. And one fraction was not dissolved in n-hexane and ethylether, but was soluble in methylalcohol and ethylalcohol. 3. The moat highly correlated properties of diluents with the decomposition rate of Sumithion in dust were found to be the total base and water contents. 4. In regard to the kind of diluents, it was found that the rate of decomposition of Sumithion in dust formulations was higher in order of bentonite, diatomaceous earth, kaolin and talc.

Sumithion 분제의 성분 변화에 영향을 미치는 증량제의 특성에 관한 연구

우기대,한성식,금소승,안신훈,이춘영 한국식물병리학회 1971 한국식물보호학회지 Vol.10 No.2

과실 및 채소류에 대한 유기 인계 농약의 잔류소장

우기대,Woo, Ki-dae 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.4 No.2

유기인계(有機燐系) 농약(農藥)의 잔류소장(殘留消長)을 파악(把握)하여 작물(作物)에 대(對)한 농약(農藥)의 사용(使用)을 기(期)하고저 배추, 오이, 토마토, 포도, 복숭아에 대(對)해 Diazine에 EPN, Parathion, Malathion, Diazinon, Sumithion의 경전잔류(經前殘留)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果) 1. 배추에 대(對)한 Diazinone의 잔류소장(殘留消長)은 약제살포(藥劑撒布) 21일후(日後)에 0.25~0.38p.p.m이 EPN은 1 회(回) 살포시(撒布時)는 7일후(日後)에 1.39~2.69p.p.m이 2살(撒) 포시(布時) 14 0.96~2.34p.p.m 검출(檢出)되었다. 2. 포되에 대(對)한 EPN의 잔류소장(殘留消長)은 약제살포(藥劑撒布) 7일후(日後) 1.09~1.80p.p.m이 Sumithion은 14일후(日後) 0.17~0.53p.p.m이 검출(檢出)되었다. 3. 복숭아에 대(對)한 Parathion의 잔류소장(殘留消長)은 약제살포(藥劑撒布) 14일후(日後)에 0.40~0.61p.p.m이 검출(檢出)되었다. 4. 토마토에 대(對)한 Dimethoate의 잔류소장(殘留消長)은 약제살포(藥劑撒布) 7일후(日後)에 0.141p.p.m이 검출(檢出)되었다. 5. 오이에 대(對)한 EPN의 잔류소장(殘留消長)은 약제살포(藥劑撒布) 3일후(日後)에 2.11~2.14p.p.m이 검출(檢出)되었고 Malathion은 약제살포당일(藥劑撒布當日)에 0.46p.p.m 3일후(日後)에 0.062~0.025p.p.m이 검출(檢出)되었다. 6. 과실(果實)및 채소류(菜蔬類)에 대(對)한 약제간(藥劑間) 경시분해도(經時分解度)가 반감기간(半減期間)에는 역(逆)의 관계(關係)가 성립(成立)되었다. 7. 배추 포도 오이에 대(對)한 EPN의 수확전(收穫前) 사용금지기간(使用禁止期間)은 배추는 1회(回) 살포기(撒布期) 7일간(日間), 2회살포기(回撒布期) 14일간(日間), 오이는 3일간(日間), 포도는 7일간(日間)이고 8. 복숭아에 대(對)한 Parathion의 수확전(收穫前) 사용금지기간(使用禁止期間)은 14일간(日間) 9. 토마토에 대(對)한 Dimethoate의 수확전(收穫前) 사용금지기간(使用禁止期間)은 7일간(日間) 10. 오이에 대(對)한 Malathion의 수확전(收穫前) 사용금지(使用禁止) 기간(期間)은 0~3일간(日間) 11. 포도에 대(對)한 Sumithion의 수확전(收穫前) 사용금지(使用禁止) 기간(期間)은 21일간(日間) 12. 배추에 대(對)한 Diazinon의 수확전(收穫前) 사용금지(使用禁止) 기간(期間)은 21일간(日間)으로 정(定)하여 농약(農藥)을 사용(使用)함이 농산물(農産物)의 안전유통(安全流通)을 위(爲)해 좋은 것으로 사료(思料)된다. Sumithion and EPN residues on grapes, EPN and Diazinon on chinese cabbage, Parathion on peaches, Dimethoate on tomatoes, and EPN and Malathion on cucumber were analyzed in terms of 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days after last application for the pesticides safty use. From the disappearance rate for various organo-phosphate insecticides on vegetables and fruit crops, following results are obtained. 1. On Chinese cabbage, Diazinon residues were 0.25~0.38p.p.m three weeks after one application, and EPN were 1.39~2.69p.p.m seven days after one application and 0.96~2.34p.p.m two weeks after twice application. 2. EPN residues on grapes were 1.09~1.80p.p.m seven days after one application and Sumithion were 0.17~0.53p.p.m fourteen days after one application. 3. On peaches, Parathion residues were 0.40~0.61p.p.m two weeks after last application. 4. Dimethoate residues on tomatoes were 0.141p.p.m seven days after four times application. 5. On cucumber, EPN residues were 2.11~2.14p.p.m three days after twice application, and Malathion were 0.46p.p.m 3 day after four times application but 0.062~0.025p.p.m three days after last application. 6. Rate of degradation of organo-phosphate chemicals is inversely related to half-life of its. 7. Minimum intervals between last treatment and harvest to prevent unsafty residues are as follows. 7 days for EPN with one application and 14 days with twice application on chinese cabbage, 3 days on cucumber and 7 days on grape, 14 days for parathion, 7 days for dimethoate on tomatoes, 0 to 3 days for Malathion on cucumber, 21 days for Sumithion on grape, 21 days on chinese cabbage for Diazinon.

유기물의 혐기분해특성과 분해생성물의 행동에 관한 연구 - 1. 유기물 혐기분해 과정의 정량적 해석 -

정광용,우기대,김재정,남상열 한국토양비료학회 1991 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 Vol.1991 No.47

수원지역 강우의 성분조성과 작물에 미치는 영향

이종식,김복영,우기대 한국환경농학회 1994 한국환경농학회지 Vol.13 No.1

自然狀態의 降雨條件에서 작물의 潛在的인 被害與否를 파악하기 위하여 1992년 5월부터 9월까지 水原地域에 내린 강우의 화학적조성과 降雨 遮斷區와 降雨 無遮斷區間 작물의 엽록소 및 양이온함량 차이와 전자현미경(SEM)을 이용한 작물의 잎표면 조직 변화를 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수원지역의 降雨는 SO₄함량에 비해 pH가 높으며, 월별 pH 변화는 5월에 4.65를 나타낸 이후 6, 7, 8월에는 각각 5.47, 5.32, 5.44로 일정한 경향을 보이다 9월에 4.80으로 다시 낮아졌다. 2. 降雨中 이온의 함량은 양이온의 경우 NH₄^+ > Ca^(2+) > Na^+ > K^+ > Mg^(2+) > H^+ 順이었으며, 음이온의 경우는 SO₄^(2-) > NO₃^- > Cl^- 順이었다. 3. 강우량별 pH의 차이는 初期降雨(5㎜ 이하)가 그 이후의 降雨에 比해 pH가 높았다. 4. 참깨잎의 엽록소함량은 初期에는 降雨遮斷區에 비해 降雨無遮斷區와 石灰乳處理區에서 약간 높게 나타났으나 後期에는 반대의 경향을 보였으며, 降雨를 맞은 두 처리구간에는 石灰乳處理區에서 약간 회복되는 경향이었다. 5. 收穫期의 참깨 식물체중의 처리별 양이온함량은 降雨 無遮斷區가 다른 처리구에 비해 K₂O를 제외한 CaO 및 MgO의 함량이 낮았다. 6. 가시적인 피해는 발견할 수 없었으나 SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope)를 이용한 참깨잎의 組織을 관찰한 결과 降雨 無遮斷區와 石灰乳 處理區에서 trichome의 變形을 발견하였다. This study was carried out to investigate the possibility of potential injury to crops which were exposed to precipitation. The rainwater were collected from May to September in 1992 and analyzed its chemical composition. The amounts of chlorophyll and cations in plant were measured, and the morphological structure of epidermis was also investigated by SEM. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The pH of precipitation in Suwon was relatively high even with high level of SO₄^(2-) and monthly pH at May, June, July, August, and September were 4.65, 5.47, 5.32, 5.44 and 4.80, respectively. 2. The amount of ions in rainwater was in the order of NH₄^+, Ca^(2+), Mg(2+) and H^+ for cations, and SO₄^(2-), NO₃^- and Cl^- for anions. 3. pH of rain in less than 5mm of precipitation was higher than that in greater than 5mm of precipitation. 4. The amount of chlorophyll was higher in the plant exposed to rain than that in plant intercepted rain during the early portion of growing season, but at the later period, the trend was shown to be reversed. 5. When the sesame plants were exposed to rain at harvesting stage, they contained less amount of CaO, MgO and Na₂O than those with the interception of rain. 6. Scanning electron microphotographs revealed the shringkage in glandular trichomes in the epidermis of sesame leaves when they were exposed to rain.

유신(維新)벼에 나타난 생육후기(生育後期)의 위조(萎凋)

박종성,김문규,우기대,유승헌,Park, Jong-Seong,Kim, Moon-Kyu,Woo, Ki-Dae,Yu, Seung-Hun 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 Korean Journal of Agricultural Science Vol.4 No.1

1. 유신(維新)벼의 생육후기(生育後期)에 나타난 급격(急激)한 위조현상(萎凋現象)을 생리적(生理的)인 면(面)에서 구명(究明)하기 위하여 위조답(萎凋沓)과 건전답(健全沓)의 토양성분(土壤成分) 및 도체(稻體)를 분석(分析) 한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. (1) 토양중(土壤中)의 가리(加里) 및 주산함량(柱酸含量)은 위조답(萎凋沓)이 건전답(健全沓)에 비(比)해 낮았다. (2) 도체중(稻體中)의 무기성분(無機成分)은 위조도체(萎凋稻體)가 건전도체(健全稻體)에 비해 질소(窒素)와 철(鐵)의 함량(含量)이 많았고 가리(加里)와 주산(柱酸)은 적었으며 $K_2O/N$의 값도 낮았다. 2. 유신(維新), 밀양(密陽) 15호(號) 및 밀양(密陽) 23호(號) 3품종(品種)을 동일(同一) 포장(圃場)에 혼식(混植)한 결과(結果) 유신(維新)에서만 심(甚)한 위조현상(萎凋現象)을 보였으며 도체상(稻體上) 성분(成分) 및 근권토양(根圈土壤)의 성분(成分)을 분석(分析)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. (1) Total carbohydrate 및 hemicellulos는 위조(萎凋)가 발생(發生)했던 유신(維新)벼에서 그 함량(含量)이 극히 낮았으며 밀양(密陽) 15호(號)에서 가장 많았다. (2) 근권토양중(根圈土壤中)의 K함량(含量)은 유신(維新)벼의 근권토양(根圈土壤)이 약간 높았으나 도체상(稻體上)의 K함량(含量)은 가장 낮았다. 1. Chemical properties of soils and inorganic compositions of rice plants were analysed to explain the acute wilting occurred in the late stage of rice variety, Yusin. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1) The amount of K and $SiO_2$ of soils where severe rice wilting occurred was lower than that of soils where rice wilting didn't occurred. 2) The amount of N and FeO of wilted rice plants was higher than that of normal rice plants while the amount of $K_2O$ and $SiO_2$ and the ratio of $K_2O/N$ of former were lower than that of letter. 2. Severe wilting was occurred only in the rice variety, Yusin, when three varieties${\cdots}$ Yusin, Milyang #15, Milyang #23${\cdots}$were interplanted. The amount of organic and inorganic compositions of three varieties and chemical properties of rhizosphere soils were analysed. 1) The rice variety, Yusin, was the lowest and that of the rice variety, Milyang #15, was the highest in the level of total carbohydrate and hemicellulose. 2) Comparatively higher levels of K were observed in rhizosphere soil where Yusin was planted, while the level of the K in the plant of Yusin was the lowest.

지방추출법에 관한 연구 : 대두에 대한 추출기의 비교 및 추출 소요 시간에 대하여

이동석,이지영,우기대 한국농화학회 1964 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.5 No.1

Goldfisch와 Soxhlet 兩抽出器의 效能은 같으므로 구조가 簡便하고 取扱이 容易한 Goldfisch를 使用함이 經濟的이고 大豆의 油脂抽出에 要하는 時間은 8時間이면 充分하다고 생각한다.

維新벼에 나타난 生育後期의 萎週

朴鍾聲,金文圭,禹基大,劉勝憲 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 1977 農業技術硏究報告 Vol.4 No.1

1. Chemical properties of soils and inorganic compositions of rice plants were analysed to explain the acute wilting occurred in the late stage of rice variety, Yusin. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1) The amount of K and S_iO_2 of soils where severe rice wilting occurred was lower than that of soils where rice wilting didn't occurred. 2) The amount of N and FeO of wilted rice plants was higher than that of normal rice plants while the amount of K_2O and SiO_2 and the ratio of K_2O/N of former were lower than that of letter. 2. Severe wilting was occurred only in the rice variety, Yusin, when three varieties… Yusin, Milyang #15, Milyang #23……were interplanted. The amount of organic and inorganic compositions of three varieties and chemical properties of rhizosphere soils were analysed. 1) The rice variety, Yusin, was the lowest and that of the rice variety, Milyang #15, was the highest in the level of total carbohydrate and hemicellulose. 2) Comparatively higher levels of K were observed in rhizosphere soil where Yusin was planted, while the level of the K in the plant of Yusin was the lowest.

혐기발효 (嫌氣醱酵) Sludge 시용이 (施用) 토양과 작물수량에 미치는 영향

주영희,김성필,우기대,김이열,박무언 한국토양비료학회 1988 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 Vol.1988 No.40