Ionogel-gated organic transistors and artificial synapses based on a composite of tosylate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and insulating polyvinylpyrrolidone

소재희,김태민,신재환,김동욱,김선주 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.11

Both ionic and electronic conductions in a channel are important factors to determine device characteristics of organic electrolyte-gated transistors (OEGTs) and artificial synaptic devices. Herein, synthesis and characterization of conducting polymer composites, based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with p-toluene sulfonate (Tos) counterions and insulating polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), are reported. The PEDOT:PVP ratio in the composite is easily tuned by varying the composition of the precursor solution. The PEDOT:Tos/PVP composites exhibit a higher electrical conductivity than pristine PEDOT:Tos. Ionogel-gated transistors based on the composites show good current modulation in a depletion mode. The transistors with 40% PVP by polymer weight show higher transconductance and larger hysteresis strength. Spectroscopic and electrochemical measurements reveal that addition of PVP affects the capability of doping-state modulation and the kinetics of ion conduction. With these properties, the PEDOT:Tos/PVP composite-based OEGTs exhibit good synaptic characteristics with reliable multi-level inhibitory and excitatory operations, suggesting the effectiveness of the strategy of introducing an electrically insulating polymer in conducting polymer composites to tune their charge-transport properties and device characteristics.

생성적 적대 신경망과 데이터 확장을 이용한 딥러닝 기반 TTS 음질 개선

최진(Jin Choi),양진혁(Jinhyeok Yang),김인중(Injung Kim) 한국정보과학회 2020 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.26 No.5

본 논문에서는 생성적 적대 신경망을 이용해 딥러닝 기반 TTS 모델이 합성한 멜 스펙트로그램을 실제 음성의 멜 스펙트로그램과 유사해지도록 개선하는 딥러닝 모델 TE-GAN(TTS Enhancement GAN)을 소개한다. TE-GAN은 음성 신호의 특성을 고려해 설계되었으며, 그리핀-림 알고리즘과 같은 간단한 보코더와 결합되어도 음질 개선 효과가 우수하다. 추가적으로 TE-GAN의 효과적인 학습을 위해 시간적 다중 에이전트(temporal multi-agent, TMA)에 의한 데이터 확장 방법을 제안한다. 실험을 통해 제안하는 방법들이 TTS 시스템이 합성한 음성의 음질을 크게 개선할 수 있음을 보였다. 실험에서 TE-GAN은 Tacotron 이 합성한 멜 스펙트럼을 실제 음성의 멜 스펙트럼과 유사하도록 개선하였으며, 합성된 음성의 MOS도 2.07에서 MOS가 3.24로 크게 개선되었다. In this paper, we introduce TE-GAN (TTS enhancement GAN) a deep learning model that enhances the Mel-spectrogram synthesized by a deep learning-based TTS model to be similar to that of human speech using a generative adversarial network. TE-GAN was designed by considering the characteristics of speech signals, and can significantly improve the fidelity of speech signals even when it is combined with a simple vocoder such as the Griffin-Lim algorithm. Additionally, we present a data augmentation technique using a Temporal Multi-Agent (TMA) approach for effective learning. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed methods significantly improve the fidelity of the speech signals synthesized by the TTS system. In experiments, TE-GAN improved the Mel-spectrogram of Tacotron to make it more similar to the Mel-spectrogram of human speech, on top of this the MOS of synthesized speech was improved significantly from 2.07 to 3.24.

우리나라 청소년 위험 행동의 예측인자

소재희,정연경,장기영,신영규,이기형,은백린,박상희 대한소아청소년과학회 2001 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.44 No.12

포스타 : 놀이를 통한 천식 환자 교육 프로그램 개발

소재희,이장훈,임지연,정지태 대한천식 및 알레르기학회 ( 구 대한알레르기학회 ) 2001 춘계학술대회 초록집 Vol.2001 No.-

청소년의 욕설사용과 자아개념 및 충동성 분석

소재희(Jae Hee So) 한국청소년문화연구소 2011 청소년 문화포럼 Vol.- No.26

The purpose of this study is to survey the difference of self-esteem and impulse to the frequency of adolescent`s usage of slang. we must act while students are young and there is still a chance of influencing them. Self-esteem is a primary goal of education because it gives students the self confidence to excel. From researches into the use of abusive language in young people we recognize the seriousness of this problem, unfortunately it seems that slang is becoming part of the culture of our youth. Because abusive language spreads and has a negative impact on society we must endeavor to find a way to purify the language habits of our youth. This will help promote a positive self-esteem within the youth and promote their character. Survey was employed for the study method 394 student from middle and high schools. Data are statistically by using SPSS(Ver 12.0) as dependent on the level of p<.05 by cross tabulation and t-test. In the results of this study are as follows. First ,In the result of adolescent`s use of slang by the difference of gender and school grade. boy students were using the slang as intimate but girl student were from feeling anger. In the frequency of slang, both girl students and boy students were using the slang at least 5 times per a day. The receiving end was their friends. Boy students showed higher frequency of slang than girl students and middle school students were higher than high school students. Second, in the result of comparing difference in self-esteem according to the frequency of slang, social self-esteem, physical self-esteem and general self-esteem showed not difference, family self-esteem, emotion self-esteem and class self-esteem were showed difference. Third, in the result of comparing difference in impulsive according to the frequency of slang, recognition impulsive were not showed difference but motion impulsive and recklessly impulsive were showed difference. To sum up studies, adolescent think that use of slang is not serious problem and they think it is just a language for communicate with friends for intimate. adolescent who were using the slang at least 5 times per a day have lower self esteem and higher impulsive than not use.

안산지역 사춘기 여학생의 초경과 무배란성 자궁 출혈에 대한 연구

정연경,소재희,피대훈,신영규,이기형,은백린,박상희 대한소아청소년과학회 2002 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.45 No.1

Purpose : We investigated the menstrual features of adolescent school girls to know the characteristics of menarche and dysfunctional uterine bleeding in adolescents. Methods : In March, 2001, 1,434 primary and middle school girls(10-15 years of age) in Ansan City were investigated for the menacheal age and several aspects of menstruation through questionnaire. Results : Mean age of the total subjects were 13.0■1.2 years of age, and 68.4% of them experienced menarche. 32.2% experienced menarche after age 12, but 82.9% experienced it after age 13. Mixed type(regular and irregular) menstrual cycle was the most common(35.3%), and changing type(irregular to regular) was 27.6%. In changing type, the mean duration of cycle stabilization was 6.6■4.9 months. The most common menstrual cycle was ‘within 26-30 days’(31.4%). Abnormal cycles such as ‘equal or less than 20 days’ and ‘equal or more than 41 days’ were 17.2% and 2.0%, respectively. The most common menstrual duration was ‘5-6 days’(44.7%). 7.6% of the subjects experienced short or long menstrual duration. Among the subjects, only 4.0% visited the hospital with menstrual problems. The visiting reasons were ‘irregular menstrual cycles’(38.5%), ‘dysmenorrhea’(28.2%), ‘menorrhagia’(12.8%), and ‘hypermenorrhea’(28.2%). Conclusion : Most adolescent girls in our study experienced menarche until 13 years of age and some of them got early menarche at the age of 9. Many of them had irregular or unstable menstrual cycles after menarche at any age, but only few of them visited a health care provider. We suggest the careful attention of pediatricians, parents and teachers to the early detection and proper treatment of menstrual problems in adolescent girls. 목 적 : 저자들은 청소년들의 초경과 기능 부전성 자궁출혈의 특성에 대해 조사함으로써 청소년 교육 및 환자 관리의 기초 자료를 제공하고자 본 연구를 시행하였다.방 법 : 2001년 3월에 안산지역 초등학교 2개교, 남녀 공학 중학교 2개교에서 9-15세의 여학생 1,500명을 대상으로 설문지를 통해 초경과 월경의 특성에 대해 조사, 분석하였다.

두통과 어지럼증으로 인해 Nedocromil Sodium의 투약을 중단해야 했던 증례 1례

이장훈,소재희,임지연,정지태 대한 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회 2001 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Short-term and Long-term Memory Effects of Polymer Transistors with a Buffer Layer of Insulating Polymers

김태민,신재환,소재희,김선주 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.1

Organic transistor is an interesting platform because novel functionalities can be easily implemented. In this work, we introduced a polymer buffer layer between electrolyte and polymer semiconductor to cause the memory effects. We observed that, when a polyvinylpyrrolidone layer was inserted, electrolyte-based organic transistors made of poly(3,4-ethyleredioxythiophene) (PEDOT) showed sharp increase and decays in the drain current after applying gate pulses. We varied the pulse number, intensity, and duration and extracted parameters relevant to the short-term and long-term memory effects. We also varied the thickness of the buffer layer to control plasticity of the devices.