Lipopolysccharides에 의해 활성화된 미세아교세포에서 수질(水蛭) 추출물의 NF-kB 억제를 통한 뇌신경염증 억제 효과

박건혁,양선규,문병철,노수민,임혜선 한국환경과학회 2023 한국환경과학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Today, environmental pollution has been found to be one of the causes of various diseases, including brain and nervous system diseases. In particular, neurodegenerative diseases have been found to be caused by hyperactivation of immune system cells such as microglia. Preventive and therapeutic measures are needed to suppress them. Hirudo is known as a traditional herbal medicine, based on its multiple biological activities such as anti-eczema and anti-coagulation. In the present study, the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of hirudo extract was investigated in lipopolysccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells and in mice. Hirudo extract significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine (IL-1Ra, KC, MCP-5, and RANTES) expression in a dose-dependent manner without causing cytotoxicity. Pretreatment with hirudo extract suppressed LPS-induced NF-κB p65 nuclear translocation. Moreover, hirudo extract reduced LPS-stimulated microglial acitivation and improved memory impairments. The results demonstrated that hirudo extract exerts anti-neuroinflammation activities, partly through inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest that hirudo extract might have therapeutic potential with respect to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.

U-Net 구조를 활용한 딥러닝 초음파 위상 배열 영상 변환 연구

박건혁,박춘수,박준형,이형진,이승철 한국비파괴검사학회 2023 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.43 No.4

Ultrasonic testing is an important technique for non-destructive evaluation of internal defects in materials. Sectorial scan (S-scan) and total focusing method (TFM) are imaging algorithms employed in phased array systems. The S-scan allows fast image acquisition but has limitations in the image quality and resolution. The TFM provides high resolution and accuracy for defect detection, but with a high computational cost. In this study, we propose a deep learning-based approach for converting S-scan images into TFM images. First, we acquired both S-scan and TFM images through numerical simulations based on finite element methods. Using the obtained data, we used a U-Net-based model to convert images and evaluate the predictive performance of the model through evaluation metrics. The results indicated that the proposed model demonstrated high accuracy in high-resolution image prediction. This approach can improve the efficiency and accuracy of ultrasonic inspection, contributing to the assessment of component integrity in industrial and manufacturing fields. Furthermore, this is expected to enhance the development and application potential of ultrasonic image conversion technology. 초음파 위상 배열 영상화에는 다양한 알고리즘이 사용되고 있다. 특히 섹터 스캔(S-scan)은 실시간으로 영상 획득이 가능하지만, 영상의 품질과 해상도의 한계가 명확하다. 반면 총집속기법(TFM)은 고해상도영상을 제공하지만, 계산 비용이 큰 단점이 있어 현장에서의 활용에 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝을사용하여 S-scan 영상을 TFM 영상으로 변환하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 수치 해석 시뮬레이션을 사용하여 S-scan과 TFM 영상을 획득하였다. 획득한 영상 데이터로 U-Net 기반 딥러닝 모델을 사용하여영상 간 변환을 수행하였고, 모델의 예측 성능을 평가하였다. 연구 결과, 제안된 모델은 고해상도 영상 예측에서 높은 정확성을 보여주었다. 본 연구에서 제안하는 방법은 초음파 검사의 효율과 정확도를 향상시켜 산업 및 제조 분야에서 부품 무결성 평가에 도움을 줄 수 있으며, 초음파 영상 변환 기술의 발전과 응용 가능성을 높일 것으로 기대한다.

Deep learning predicts the differentiation of kidney organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells

박건혁,Lee Jong Young,이수영,정일주,박서연,김진원,남선아,Kim Hyung Wook,김용균,이승철 대한신장학회 2023 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.42 No.1

Background: Kidney organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) contain multilineage nephrogenic progenitor cells andcan recapitulate the development of the kidney. Kidney organoids derived from hPSCs have the potential to be applied in regenerative medicineas well as renal disease modeling, drug screening, and nephrotoxicity testing. Despite biotechnological advances, individual differencesin morphological and growth characteristics among kidney organoids need to be addressed before clinical and commercial application. Inthis study, we hypothesized that an automated noninvasive method based on deep learning of bright-field images of kidney organoids canpredict their differentiation status.Methods: Bright-field images of kidney organoids were collected on day 18 after differentiation. To train convolutional neural networks(CNNs), we utilized a transfer learning approach. CNNs were trained to predict the differentiation of kidney organoids on bright-field imagesbased on the messenger RNA expression of renal tubular epithelial cells as well as podocytes.Results: The best prediction model was DenseNet121 with a total Pearson correlation coefficient score of 0.783 on a test dataset. W classifiedthe kidney organoids into two categories: organoids with above-average gene expression (Positive) and those with below-average geneexpression (Negative). Comparing the best-performing CNN with human-based classifiers, the CNN algorithm had a receiver operating characteristic-area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.85, while the experts had an AUC score of 0.48.Conclusion: These results confirmed our original hypothesis and demonstrated that our artificial intelligence algorithm can successfully recognizethe differentiation status of kidney organoids.

딥러닝을 이용한 각막세포로 분화하는 중간엽 줄기세포의 형태학적 예측

박건혁 대한기계학회 2021 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4

Human neural crest-derived turbinate mesenchymal stem cells (hTMSCs) have demonstrated promising outcomes for clinical cell therapies. These hTMSCs differentiate into specific cells characterized by molecular techniques such as immunostaining or lineage tracing. However, the characterization of hTMSCs from their morphology is a challenging task. Deep learning can extract features through an image that are still abstruse for experts. We hypothesize that the appearance of the hTMSCs contains morphological information that can be analyzed by convolutional neural networks (CNN) to identify their lineage. Here, we used deep learning to establish an automated method to identify cell types without molecular characterizing techniques. CNNs were trained to predict whether morphological images stained with the surface marker CD105 contain pluripotent cells, and the accuracy of classification in single cells was estimated as 94%. Immunofluorescence staining for SSEA3 was used to validate the predictions. Additionally, an object detection algorithm has been trained to uncover differences in morphology from immunofluorescent images. Hence, the proposed assay could be used to assess the pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells in a non-invasive manner.

피부각질형성세포에서 동의보감 충부약재 14 종이 염증성 사이토카인 생성에 미치는 영향

박건혁 ( Gunhyuk Park ),문병철 ( Byeong Cheol Moon ),임혜선 ( Hye-sun Lim ) 대한화장품학회 2020 대한화장품학회지 Vol.46 No.2

본 연구에서는 피부각질형성세포에서 동의보감에 기록된 14 종의 충부약재에 대한 염증성 사이토카인 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 이를 확인하기 위하여 멀티플렉스 사이토카인 분석으로 17 종에 대한 사이토카인을 스크리닝 하였다. 충부약재 14 종 중, 제조 및 전갈 추출물은 IL-5 생성을 억제하였고, 제조, 상표초 및 수질 추출물은 IL-6 생성을, 제조, 상표초, 지룡, 수질 및 문합 추출물은 IL-8 생성에 억제 효과를 보였다. 합개, 잠사, 선퇴 및 문합 추출물은 IL-13 생성을 억제하였으며, 귀판, 잠사 및 지룡 추출물은 MIP-1β 생성에 유의적인 효과를 확인하였다. 이러한 충부약재는 피부염증 억제를 위한 항염증제 활용 가능성에 의미를 둘 수 있지만, 그 가치를 증명하기 위해서는 피부개선을 위한 기전연구를 포함하여 인체피부모사판 모델에서 추가 실험을 통한 검증이 선행 되어야 한다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 14 Chung-bu medicinal materials described in the Dongui Bogam on inflammatory cytokine production in HaCaT human keratinocyte cells. In order to confirm this possibility, we screened inhibition activity of 17 cytokines using Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Cytokine 17-plex assay in HaCaT cell lines. Of the 14 Chung-bu medicinal materials, Holotrichia (Ho) and Scorpio (Sc) exerted inhibitory effects on interleukin (IL)-5 production; Ho, Mantidis Ootheca (MO), and Hirudo (Hi) exerted inhibitory effects on IL-6 production; Ho, MO, Lumbricus (Lu), Hi, and Meretricis Concha (MC) showed significant inhibitory effects on IL-8 production; Gecko (Ge), Bombycis Faeces (BF), Cicadidae Periostracum (CP), and MC showed significant inhibitory effects on IL-13 production; and Testudinis Chinemis Plastrum et Carapax (TCPC), BF, and Lu exerted significant inhibitory effects on MIP-1β production. Results indicated that the Chung-bu medicinal materials might be a good candicate as potential anti-inflammatory agents for inhibition of skin inflammation. However, further investigations on these materials, including mechanistic studies, should be carried out to validated the effects in human skin equivalent models of dermatitis.

실감형 컨텐츠를 위한 향상된 동작 인식 리모트 컨트롤러

박건혁(Gunhyuk Park),김상기(Sangki Kim),임성훈(Sunghoon Yim),한갑종(Gabjong Han),최승문(Seungmoon Choi),최승진(Seungjin Choi),어홍준(Hongjun Eoh),조선영(Sunyoung Cho) 한국HCI학회 2009 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.2

본 연구에서는 실감형 컨텐츠를 위한 리모트 컨트롤러의 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어적 개선점을 살펴본다. 보이스코일 모터와 진동 모터를 모두 사용한 진동 촉감 제공 방법을 제시하며, 마커의 크기 및 카메라 파라미터 최적화를 통한 위치 추적 시스템의 성능 향상을 살펴보고 효율적인 세그멘테이션 및 비전 데이터 추가를 통한 동작 인식의 개선점을 살펴본다. 또한, 제시된 컨트롤러의 실감형 컨텐츠에 대한 적용 가능성을 살펴본다. This paper describes the improvements made on hardware and software of the remote controller for realistic contents. The controller can provide vibrotactile feedback which uses both of a voice-coil actuator and a vibration motor. A vision tracking system for the 3D position of the controller is optimized with respect to the marker size and the camera parameters. We also present the improvements of motion recognition due to the effective motion segmentation and the fusion of vision and acceleration data. We apply the developed controller to realistic contents and validate its usability.

MPTP로 유도된 Parkinson`s disease 동물 모델에서 항염증효과를 통한 측백엽의 도파민신경보호 효과

박건혁 ( Gun Hyuk Park ),김효근 ( Hyo Geun Kim ),주미선 ( Mi Sun Ju ),김애정 ( Ae Jung Kim ),오명숙 ( Myung Sook Oh ) 대한본초학회 2014 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of extract of Thuja orientalis leaves (TOFE) against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity by inhibition of inflammation in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson`s disease (PD). Methods : We evaluated the effect of TOFE against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) toxicity using nitric oxide (NO) assay, inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenase 2 western blot, tyrosine hydroxylase and microglia activation immunohistochemistry (IHC) in BV2 cell, primary rat mesencephalic neurons, or C57BL/6 mice. We also evaluated the effect of TOFE in mice PD model induced by MPTP. C57BL/6 mice were treated with TOFE 50 mg/kg for 5 days and were injected intraperitoneally with four administrations of MPTP on the last day. We conducted behavioral tests and IHC analysis to see how TOFE affect MPTP-induced neuronal loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and striatum (ST) of mice. To assess the anti-inflammation effects, we carried out glial fibrillary acidic protein and macrophage-1 antigen integrin alpha M in IHC in SNpc and ST of mice. Results : In an in vitro system, TOFE decreasesd NO generations in BV2 cells. TOFE protected dopaminergic cells against LPS or MPP+-induced toxicity in primary mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons. In vivo system, TOFE at 50 mg/kg treated group showed improved motor deteriorations than the MPTP only treated group and TOFE significantly protected striatal dopaminergic damage from MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Moreover, TOFE inhibited activation of astrocyte and microglia in SNpc and ST of the mice. Conclusions : We concluded that TOFE showed anti-parkinsonian effect by protection of dopaminergic neurons against MPTP toxicity through anti-inflammatory actions.

탈모마우스모델에서의 송지추출물 및 그 성분인 아비에트산의 모발성장효과

박건혁 ( Gunhyuk Park ),김용웅 ( Yong-ung Kim ) 대한화장품학회 2016 대한화장품학회지 Vol.42 No.3

최근 남성성탈모증에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있으며, 이에 천연물 및 그의 활성성분을 활용한 새로운 약물 개발에 대한 연구가 증가하고 있다. 송지(Resina Pini, RP)는 Pinus sp. (Pinaceae)의 수지질로 전통의 학적으로 감염, 우식증, 치주질환에 사용되어왔다. 본 연구진은 RP의 성분인 아비에트산(abietic acid, AA)이 남성성탈모기전에 중요한 효소인 5α-reductase를 억제하는 효과를 세포 수준에서 입증한바 있으며, 이번 연구에서는 실제로 탈모억제 및 모발 성장에 대하여 실험동물 수준에서 입증하고자 한다. C3H/HeN 탈모마우스 모델에서 RP는 300 mg/kg에서 유의하게 탈모억제를 확인하였으며, 뿐만 아니라 AA는 30 mg/kg에서도 유의하게 탈모억제효과를 보였다. 이상의 결과로부터 RP는 그 활성성분인 AA가 5α-reductase 억제하는 기전을 통해 남성성탈모억제효과를 보였다고 사료되며, 향후 탈모억제 보완치료법으로의 이용 가능성을 보였다. Recently, increased attention has been directed toward medicinal extracts and their active ingredients as potential new drug candidates for androgenic alopecia. Resina Pini (RP), a resinous exudation obtained from Pinus sp. (Pinaceae), has been used as a traditional medicine for the treatment of infection, pain related to dental caries, and periodontal disease. Previously, we suggested that RP and its main constituent, abietic acid (abieta-7,13-dien-18-oic acid; AA), may play important roles against androgenic alopecia as 5α-reductase inhibitors. However, to date, there is no evidence that AA has hair growth-promoting effects in vivo. In this study, we found that 10 ∼ 300 mg/kg RP and 3 ∼ 30 mg/kg AA significantly promoted hair growth in a C3H/HeN mouse model of alopecia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the hair growth-promoting effects of RP and AA in vivo. From these results, RP and its main constituent AA can promote hair growth in mouse by inhibiting 5α-reductase activity and may be effective alternative therapies for androgenic alopecia.

Wavelet을 활용한 부분방전 펄스 분석

박건혁(Geonhyuk Park),윤성호(Sungho Yoon),안범(Beom An),이상군(Sanggoon Lee),김정태(Jeongtae Kim) 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.7

가스절연 지상개폐기 부분방전 진단의 현장 노이즈 특성 분석

박건혁(GeonHyuk Park),안범(Beom An),윤성호(SungHo Yoon),이상군(Sanggoon Lee),김정태(JeongTae Kim),서인진(InJin Seo),강문호(MoonHo Kang) 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

본 연구에서는 현장 가스절연 지상개폐기 부분방전 진단의 다양한 현장 노이즈 신호를 측정 분석하였고, 현장 노이즈를 모의한 신호발생장치를 제작해 신호 특성을 비교하였다. 현장 측정된 신호를 개폐기 내부에서 발생하는 부분방전, 부분방전 신호와 유사한 외부 유입 노이즈, 부하 노이즈, 기저 노이즈로 분류하였다. 센서별로 받아들인 노이즈의 특성 분석을 통해 유형별 노이즈원을 기성 제품으로 모의하였다. 이를 통해 현장 부분방전 진단과 비슷한 환경의 노이즈 구현이 가능한 것으로 판단된다.