The current pattern and determinant of oral anticoagulation in Korean patients with nonvalvular AF

김중민,정보영 대한내과학회 2018 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2018 No.1

긴급조치 제9호 국가배상책임 인정 - 대법원 2022. 8. 30. 선고 2018다212610 전원합의체 판결

김중민 민주사회를 위한 변호사모임 2023 민주사회를 위한 변론 Vol.116 No.0

한・미・일 적격대출제도 비교 및 시사점

김중민 동서대학교 일본연구센터 2018 次世代 人文社會硏究 Vol.14 No.-

The global financial crisis that occurred in developed countries is mostly related to the decline in housing prices. Improvements in the mortgage market regulations, which failed to overcome leverage and fluctuating interest rates, are a key cornerstone to prevent the financial crisis. The purpose of this paper is to derive implications for institutional improvement by comparing the conforming loan systems of government- backed securitization institutions in the US, Japan, and Korea. The United States has established GSEs to promote housing ownership. These institutions have provided a proportion of fixed-rate loans up to 89.6% by supplying conforming loans that meet the required amendment standards for mortgage-backed securities issuance. Using interest rate derivatives, GSEs and financial institutions share interest rate risk. Japan established JHF to manage the liquidity risk of mortgage loans concentrated in financial institutions and began to supply Flat35. The servicing fee is calculated by the financial institution and the borrowing costs are directly borne by the customer, and interest rate risk is borne by JHF. As part of the government’s policy to improve the household debt structure, Korea is launching 2012 conforming loans through the Korea Housing Finance Corporation and making efforts to increase long-term fixed rate mortgages. Interest rate risk is borne by financial institutions. The lower LTV reduced housing price shock, the lower DTI the impact of the income shock, the fixed rate mortgage weighting and the interest rate derivative market development the impact of the interest rate shock. It is necessary to strengthen LTV・DTI regulations, minimize the fixed rate of mortgage loans, and activate the interest rate derivatives market. 선진국에서 발생했던 글로벌 금융위기는 대부분 주택가격의 하락과 연관이 있다. 과도한 레버리지와 변동금리 대출 등 실패했던 주택담보대출시장 규제의 개선은 가계부채로 인한 금융위기를 예방할 수 있는 주요 초석이다. 본고는 정부지원 유동화기관을 통해 적격대출을 취급하고 있는 한국, 미국, 일본의 적격대출시스템을 비교함으로써 제도개선을 위한 시사점을 도출하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 미국은 주택자가점유율 촉진을 위해 공적유동화기관(GSEs)을 설립하였다. 이 기관들을 통해 주택저당증권 발행을 위해 필요한 양수기준에 부합하는 적격대출을 공급함으로써 고정금리대출 비중을 89.6%까지 달성하였으며, 다양한 금리파생상품을 활용하여 GSEs와 대출취급 금융기관이 금리위험을 분담하고 있다. 일본은 금융기관에 집중되는 주택담보대출의 유동성 위험을 관리하기 위해 JHF를 설립하고 Flat35를 공급하여 왔는데, 채권관리수수료는 금융기관이 산정하고 대출취급비용은 고객이 직접 부담하고 있으며, 금리위험은 JHF가 부담하고 있다. 한국은 가계부채구조개선을 위한 정부정책의 일환으로 한국주택금융공사를 통해 2012년 적격대출을 출시하고 주택담보대출의 장기고정금리화를 선도하고 있으며, 대출 취급시점부터 양도시점까지의 금리위험은 금융기관이 부담하고 있다. 낮은 LTV는 주택가격 충격 영향을, 낮은 DTI는 소득 충격 영향을, 고정금리비중 확대와 금리파생상품시장 발달은 금리충격의 영향을 각각 줄이는 방향으로 작용하므로, 주택금융시장의 안정적 발전을 위해서는 LTV・DTI 규제 강화, 주택담보대출 고정금리 수준 최소화, 금리파생상품시장 활성화 노력이 필요하다.

Slovenia’s road to the EU and its implication

김중민 서강대학교 유로메나연구소 2017 통합유럽연구 Vol.8 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to explore implications for Slovenia and EU candidate countries in Eastern Europe by examining Slovenia’s process of EU integration. Slovenia has adopted an independent social democracy based on autonomous decision-making, abandoned Soviet-style socialism based on centralized decision-making, maintained its high trade share with Western European countries, promoted economic reform, It was easy to meet the political and economic requirements for EU accession criteria. However, in the course of the negotiations, the EU commission pointed out the delays in the application of the EU legal system to the Slovenian legal system, the complex process of parliamentary approval, and the structural reform of society as a whole. Particularly poor privatization rate and low level of private sector intermediary role played an obstacle to negotiation. Unlike the Visegrad group, which were in a similar situation but have acted collectively in order to secure sovereignty within the EU, Slovenia was able to secure a favorable political position in the EU and to establish a stable economic growth base through rapid Eurozone accession. However, concerns over the possibility of losing economic sovereignty and losing a good workforce through joining the Eurozone have been raised. In the case of small economies such as Slovenia, it is necessary to pursue EU accession while simultaneously expanding the proportion of education investment to secure a high quality workforce, fostering high value-added industries, and building a financial stabilization system against external economic shocks.

구개에 발생한 석회화 상피성 치성 종양: 증례보고

김중민(Joong-Min Kim),장현석(Hyon-Seok Jang),임재석(Jae-Suk Rim),전상호(Sang-Ho Jun),박정균(Jung-Kyun Park),주현중(Hyun-Joong Ju),이의석(Eui-Seok Lee) 대한구강악안면외과학회 2011 대한구강악안면외과학회지 Vol.37 No.1

A calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) was first described as a separate entity in 1955 by Pindborg, and has since been referred to as Pindborg tumor. CEOT is characterized by the presence of squamous-cell proliferation, calcification and amyloid deposits, and accounts for only 1% of all odontogenic tumors. CEOT is a benign, though occasional locally invasive, slow-growing neoplasm. It is located either intraosseously or extraosseously, and is usually associated with an unerupted permanent tooth. A 24 year-old female visited our clinic, presenting with a palatal swelling and intra-oral ulcer. After an incisional biopsy, the lesion was confirmed to be odontogenic tumor. A tumor resection and reconstruction surgery with tongue flap were performed.

OFDM 시스템에 적합한 FFT 성능 평가 및 구현

김중민(Kim, Joong-Min),박인갑(Park, In-Kap),조용범(Cho, Yong-Bum) 한국전기전자학회 2010 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.14 No.4

본 논문에서는 OFDM 시스템의 성능의 중요한 부분을 차지하는 FFT 알고리즘의 성능 비교와 제안된 SRFFT를 설계/구현 및 검증으로 우수성을 확인한다. 대부분의 OFDM 통신시스템에서는 단일 입력, 단일 출력형태를 사용하므로 SRFFT 적용이 매우 비효율적일 수 있다. 그러므로 OFDM 시스템에 적합한 구조의 필요성이 요구되고 기존에 나와 있는 SRFFT 구조를 변형하여, 단일 입력, 단일 출력의 Pipeline 구조를 갖는 FFT / IFFT 블록을 구현한다. 제안된 SRFFT는 Matlab과 Synthesis 및 Simulation Tool을 이용하여 유효성 확인과 기존 알고리즘과의 성능을 비교하고 동작을 검증하였다. In this paper, performance comparison of FFT algorithms for OFDM system is shown and advantage of proposed SRFFT is verified through implementation. For the single input and output structure in the most OFDM communication systems, adaptation of SRFFT might be inefficient. In this paper, improved SRFFT with pipeline structured FFT/IFFT of single input and output is developed and verified with Matlab, VHDL, synthesis tool and simulation tool.

한·미·일 적격대출제도 비교 및 시사점

김중민 ( Kim Joong-min ) 동서대학교 일본연구센터 2018 次世代 人文社會硏究 Vol.14 No.-

선진국에서 발생했던 글로벌 금융위기는 대부분 주택가격의 하락과 연관이 있다. 과도한 레버리지와 변동금리 대출 등 실패했던 주택담보대출시장 규제의 개선은 가계부채로 인한 금융위기를 예방할 수 있는 주요 초석이다. 본고는 정부지원 유동화기관을 통해 적격대출을 취급하고 있는 한국, 미국, 일본의 적격대출시스템을 비교함으로써 제도개선을 위한 시사점을 도출하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 미국은 주택자가점유율 촉진을 위해 공적유동화기관(GSEs)을 설립하였다. 이 기관들을 통해 주택저당증권 발행을 위해 필요한 양수기준에 부합하는 적격대출을 공급함으로써 고정금리대출 비중을 89.6%까지 달성하였으며, 다양한 금리파생상품을 활용하여 GSEs와 대출취급 금융기관이 금리위험을 분담하고 있다. 일본은 금융기관에 집중되는 주택담보대출의 유동성 위험을 관리하기 위해 JHF를 설립하고 Flat35를 공급하여 왔는데, 채권관리 수수료는 금융기관이 산정하고 대출취급비용은 고객이 직접 부담하고 있으며, 금리위험은 JHF가 부담하고 있다. 한국은 가계부채구조개선을 위한 정부정책의 일환으로 한국주택금융공사를 통해 2012년 적격대출을 출시하고 주택담보대출의 장기고정금리화를 선도하고 있으며, 대출 취급시점부터 양도시점까지의 금리위험은 금융기관이 부담하고 있다. 낮은 LTV는 주택가격 충격 영향을, 낮은 DTI는 소득 충격 영향을, 고정금리비중 확대와 금리파생상품시장 발달은 금리충격의 영향을 각각 줄이는 방향으로 작용하므로, 주택금융시장의 안정적 발전을 위해서는 LTV·DTI 규제 강화, 주택담보대출 고정금리 수준 최소화, 금리파생상품시장 활성화 노력이 필요하다. The global financial crisis that occurred in developed countries is mostly related to the decline in housing prices. Improvements in the mortgage market regulations, which failed to overcome leverage and fluctuating interest rates, are a key cornerstone to prevent the financial crisis. The purpose of this paper is to derive implications for institutional improvement by comparing the conforming loan systems of government-backed securitization institutions in the US, Japan, and Korea. The United States has established GSEs to promote housing ownership. These institutions have provided a proportion of fixed-rate loans up to 89.6% by supplying conforming loans that meet the required amendment standards for mortgage-backed securities issuance. Using interest rate derivatives, GSEs and financial institutions share interest rate risk. Japan established JHF to manage the liquidity risk of mortgage loans concentrated in financial institutions and began to supply Flat35. The servicing fee is calculated by the financial institution and the borrowing costs are directly borne by the customer, and interest rate risk is borne by JHF. As part of the government’s policy to improve the household debt structure, Korea is launching 2012 conforming loans through the Korea Housing Finance Corporation and making efforts to increase long-term fixed rate mortgages. Interest rate risk is borne by financial institutions. The lower LTV reduced housing price shock, the lower DTI the impact of the income shock, the fixed rate mortgage weighting and the interest rate derivative market development the impact of the interest rate shock. It is necessary to strengthen LTV·DTI regulations, minimize the fixed rate of mortgage loans, and activate the interest rate derivatives market.

IP망과 MPLS망에서의 Video Streaming Service 성능 개선

박기태,김중민,복혁규,Park, Ki-Tae,Kim, Joong-Min,Bok, Hyeok-Kyu 한국정보과학회 2005 정보과학회논문지 : 기술교육 Vol.2 No.1

인터넷 트래픽이 증가하여 인터넷 서비스의 품질을 현저히 떨어뜨려 QoS를 보장받아야 하는 비디오 스트리밍 서비스에도 심각한 영향을 끼치게 되었다. MPLS 망에서 트래픽 엔지니어링은 망의 능력에 맞게 사용자의 QoS 요청을 트래픽 특성별로 구분된 클래스에 따라 망 자원을 할당하거나 제어한다. MPLS 망에서 다른 트래픽에 영향을 받지 않으면서 지연시간을 줄이고 전송률을 높이기 위해 인입 LSR에서 CQ_LLQ 방식을 적용하여 사용자 할당을 다르게 하는 정책을 통해 QoS를 만족시킬 수 있음을 보인다. As internet traffic is growing, quality of internet service is more worse and video streaming services that must guarantee QoS (Quality of Service) come under the influence. Traffic engineering in MPLS network classify QoS request of users according to traffic characteristics, assigns and controls network resources. Ingress LSR(Label Switching Router) in MPLS network applied CQ_LLQ(Custom Queuing with Low latency Queuing)method to be not effected by different traffics, to decrease delay time and to enhance transfer rate. Experiments show that quality of service is satisfied through the policy that differs the allocation of user request.

Current Anticoagulant Usage Patterns and Determinants in Korean Patients with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation

하현수,김중민,이영수,김태훈,이정명,박준범,박진규,강기운,심재민,엄재선,박형욱,차명진,최의근,김준,김진배,김창수,정보영 연세대학교의과대학 2020 Yonsei medical journal Vol.61 No.2

Purpose: Stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) is influenced by many factors. Using a contemporary registry,we evaluated variables associated with the use of warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (OACs). Materials and Methods: In the prospective multicenter CODE-AF registry, 10529 patients with AF were evaluated. Multivariateanalyses were performed to identify variables associated with the use of anticoagulants. Results: The mean age of the patients was 66.9±14.4 years, and 64.9% were men. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scoreswere 2.6±1.7 and 1.8±1.1, respectively. In patients with high stroke risk (CHA2DS2-VASc ≥2), OACs were used in 83.2%, including directOAC in 68.8%. The most important factors for non-OAC treatment were end-stage renal disease [odds ratio (OR) 0.27; 95%confidence interval (CI): 0.19–0.40], myocardial infarct (OR 0.53; 95% CI: 0.40–0.72), and major bleeding (OR 0.57; 95% CI: 0.39–0.84). Female sex (OR 1.40; 95% CI: 1.21–1.61), cancer (OR 1.78; 95% CI: 1.38–2.29), and smoking (OR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.15–2.24) werefactors favoring direct OAC use over warfarin. Among patients receiving OACs, the rate of combined antiplatelet agents was 7.8%. However, 73.6% of patients did not have any indication for a combination of antiplatelet agents. Conclusion: Renal disease and history of valvular heart disease were associated with warfarin use, while cancer and smoking statuswere associated with direct OAC use in high stroke risk patients. The combination of antiplatelet agents with OAC was prescribedin 73.6% of patients without definite indications recommended by guidelines.

IPv6의 보안기능을 강화하는 Secure ND Protocol 구현

박기태,김중민,복혁규,Park, Ki-Tae,Kim, Joong-Min,Bok, Hyeok-Kyu 한국정보과학회 2005 정보과학회논문지 : 기술교육 Vol.2 No.1

주소 자동설정을 하는데 이용되는 Neighbor Discovery(ND) 프로토콜에는 보안 취약점이 있어서 여러 가지 망 공격에 노출되어 있다. 보안 허점을 이용한 공격은 망의 일부 서비스를 마비시킬 수도 있으며 흠 네트워킹의 경우 개인정보유출이 일어날 수도 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 ND의 보안 취약점을 알아보고 ND 보안 규정들과 보안을 위한 여러 이론들을 살펴본다. 이를 바탕으로 SEND 프로토콜을 설계하고 구현하고자 한다. IPv6 defines relation between surrounding nodes using neighbor discovery protocol. Used neighbor discovery messages and surrounding nodes include important information about network. This network information outcrops can give rise to network attack and also services that uses this network will be paralyzed. Various kinds of security limitation was found in present neighbor discovery protocol, therefore security function to supplement this problem was required. In this paper, we design and implement a secure neighbor discovery protocol that has security function by adding a CGA module and SEND module.