A Study on the Fabrication of the Convex Structured MOSFET and Its Electrical Characteristics

김기홍,김현철,김흥식,안철,Kim, Gi-Hong,Kim, Hyun-Chul,Kim, Heung-Sik,An, Chul The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 1992 전자공학회논문지-A Vol.29 No.8

To improve the characteristics of sub$\mu$m short channel MOSFET device, a new device having the convex structure is proposed. This device has 3-dimensionally expandable channel length according to the vertical etched silicon height. For the purpose of comparing the DC and AC characteristics, planar device is also fabricated. Comparing the channel length, the convex device with 0.4$\mu$m silicon height is larger about 0.56$\mu$m in NMOS and 0.78$\mu$m in PMOS than planar devices. DC characteristics, such as threshold voltage, operational current, substrate current and breakdown voltage are compared together with AC characteristics using the ring oscillator inverter delay. Also process and device simulation are performed and the differences between convex and pranaldevice are also compared.

모바일 혼합현실 기술

김기홍,김홍기,정혁,김종성,손욱호,Kim, Gi-Hong,Kim, Hong-Gi,Jeong, Hyeok,Kim, Jong-Seong,Son, Uk-Ho 한국전자통신연구원 2007 전자통신동향분석 Vol.22 No.4

혼합현실 기술을 휴대가 용이한 모바일 기기상에서 효과적으로 구현하기 위해서는 기기에 부착된 카메라의 위치를 인식하는 기술을 시작으로 입력된 실세계 공간에 가상의 디지털 정보를 정합하고 표현하는 기술, 사용자가 표현된 혼합현실 환경과 현실감있게 상호작용하는 기술, 그리고 다양한 응용분야에 맞게 혼합현실 콘텐츠를 저작하는 기술에 이르기까지 여러 가지 세부 기술들이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 언급한 세부 기술들에 대한 개요와 국내외적으로 진행되고 있는 관련 기술들의 동향을 구체적인 사례를 통해 소개한다.

Uveal Melanoma에 대한 Gamma Knife Radiosurgery의 효과

김기홍,조정희,박재일,Kim, Gi-Hong,Cho, Jung-Hee,Park, Jae-Il 대한방사선치료학회 1997 大韓放射線治療技術學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

The optimal management of uveal melanoma is still a matter of controversy. To determine the effect of Gamma Knife surgery for patients with uveal malanoma. the authors reviewed the results of 5 patients underwent Gamma Knife sugery between Sep. 1993 and Dec. 1996. The mean age was 60.7 years ranging from 42.5 to 76.5 years. Median follow-up was 13.29 months and the patient with follow up period more than 6 months was 4. The mean tumor volume was $3442 mm^3$(mean diameter 15.3 mm) and all patients were irradiated with a mean maximum dose of 74Gy(range $60\~80\;Gy$), using the $50\%$ isodose. After Gamma Knife surgery. one pateint showed complete disapperance in tumor size with follow-up 32 months, one enucleation due to progression, and 2 no interval change. In regard to vision, one patient blind. one enucleation, and 2 patients had no interval change. According to our experiences, Gamma Knife surgery for uveal melanoma be able to achieve local tumor control, spare the eyeball, and have possibility of save vision.

히르쉬스프룽병의 병변부위에서 nNOS 발현

김기홍,김한성,이성철,Kim, Ki-Hong,Kim, Han-Seung,Lee, Seong-Cheol 대한소아외과학회 2005 소아외과 Vol.11 No.1

Abnormal distribution of enteric nerves such as adrenergic, cholinergic and non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves (NANC) may cause the failure of relaxation at the involved bowel segment in Hirschsprung's disease (HD). Nitric oxide (NO) is a major inhibitory NANC neurotransmitter in the gastrointestinal tract. NO is synthesized by activation of nNOS (neuronal nitric oxide synthase) in the intramural ganglion cells and regulates bowel movement. To assess the distribution of nNOS in HD, immunohistochemical staining to nNOS was utilized on paraffin embedded specimens. Ten control colon specimens were tested for feasibility of staining. Immunohistochemisrty was done on ganglionic colon as well as aganglionic segment of 15 patients with HD. nNOS immunoreactivity was observed in the neuronal cells, small cells and nerve fibers in the muscle layer and submucosal neuronal cells of control specimens. This finding was also observed in the ganglionic segments of HD. But, there was no nNOS immunoreactivity in aganglionic segments of HD. In conclusion nNOS immunohistochemical staining of paraffin embedded specimen is feasible and reliable. And the results suggest that the relaxation failure of the aganglionic bowel in HD is related to the absence of nNOS containing cells and nerve fibers.

H.264 to MPEG-2 Transcoding을 위한 효율적인 P-Frame 변환 방법

김기홍,손남례,이귀상,Kim, Gi-Hong,Son, Nam-Rye,Lee, Guee-Sang 한국정보처리학회 2010 정보처리학회논문지B Vol.17 No.1

MPEG-2가 발표된 이후 Digital-TV나 DVD등 멀티미디어 분야에서 폭넓게 사용되어 왔다. 그 후 2004년도에 H.264가 발표된 이후 MPEG-2를 대체할 차세대 비디오 압축 표준으로 각광받으며 IPTV나 DMB등의 방송 표준으로 채택되었다. 그러나 지금까지 MPEG-2를 가장 많이 사용해 왔기 때문에 현재는 MPEG-2관련 장비들이 많이 사용되고 있으며 이 장비들로는 H.264방송을 시청할 수 없게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 효율적인 H.264 to MPEG-2 트랜스코더를 제안한다. 또한 화질의 열화를 줄이기 위해 기본적으로 직렬 화소 영역기반 트랜스코더(CPDT: Cascaded Pixel Domain Transcoder)구조를 이용하였고 변환속도를 높이기 위해 복호기에서 사용된 SKIP블록이나 INTRA 블록, 움직임벡터 등의 정보들을 재사용 한다. H.264의 가변블록의 움직임벡터들중 최적의 값을 선택하기 위해 수정된 경계정합알고리즘(BMA: Boundary Matching Algorithm)을 사용한다. 실험결과, MPEG-2 인코더의 'Full Search'와 비교하였을 때 PSNR측면에서는 0.1dB정도 감소되었지만, 부호화 시간에서는 약 66% 개선되었다. 제안한 방법은 기존방법과 비교하였을 때, 우수한 화질을 확보함과 동시에 연산시간을 단축할 수 있음을 확인하였다. After the launch of MPEG-2, it is widely used in multimedia applications like a Digital-TV or a DVD. Then, After the launch of H.264 at 2004, it has been expected to replace MPEG-2 and services IPTV and DMB. As we have been used to MPEG-2 devices by this time, we can not access H.264 Broadcast with MPEG-2 device. So We propose a new approach to transcode H.264 video into MPEG-2 form which can facilitate to display H.264 video with MPEG-2 device. To reduce the quality loss by transcoding, we use CPDT(Cascaded Pixel Domain Transcoder) structure. And to minimize processing time, SKIP block, INTRA block and motion vectors obtain from decoding process is employed for transcoding. we use BMA(Boundary Matching Algorithm) to select only one from candidate motion vectors. Experimental results show a considerable improved PSNR with reduction in processing time compared with existing methods.

대구지역 대학생 가족에서 족부 백선의 유병율

김기홍,조해욱,신동훈,최종수,방용준,서순봉 ( Ki Hong Kim,Hae Ook Cho,Dong Hoon Shin,Jong Soo Choi,Young Jun Bang,Soon Bong Suh ) 대한피부과학회 1997 대한피부과학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Background: Tinea pedis is one of the most comrnon dermatoses in the general population. But its prevalence in the general populat,ion was not yet reported in Korea. Objective : Prevalence of tinea pedis and associated tinea unguium were checked in the general population. Methods : Six hundred fifty eight persons from 179 families of the college students were evaluated. Clinical examinatior. for tinea pedis and onychomycosis and collecting scales from the suspicious lesions of the family members were perforrned by educated college students. Then dermatologists exarnined those specimens mycologically by KOH ~tnount and fungal culture. Results . The results were as follows 1. The prevalence of tinea pedis was 41.2% in the studied 658 persons. 2. Among all 271 patients with tinea pedis, 201 strains of dermatophytes were isolated. They were 143 strains of Trichophyton(T) rubrum, 49 strains of T. mentagrophytes and 9 mixed infections of T. rubrum and T. mentagrophytes. In the co existence of i,inea pedis and tinea unguiurn, isolated species were corresponding. 3. Among 179 families, 143 families (79.9%) had at least one patient with tinea pedis. The isolated species of derrnatophytes in a farnily were one organism, 71.4% and two or more organisms, 28.6% of 77 familiys with more than one patient. Conclusion : In our study, the prevalence rate of tinea pedis was 41.2%. That suggests that tinea pedis is a wide spr .ad disease in healthy adult in Korea. (Kor J Dermatol 1997;35(1): 114-120)

방사성고화체로부터의 $^{60}$ Co, $^{137}$ Cs 침출에 대한 표준시험법의 상호비교

김기홍,유영걸,정경기,홍권표,이락희,정의영,고덕준,김헌,Kim, Ki-Hong,Ryu, Young-Gerl,Chung, Kyung-Ki,Hong, Kwon-Pyo,Lee, Nak-Hee,Jeong, Yi-Yeong,Koh, Duck-Joon,Kim, Heon 한국방사성폐기물학회 2003 방사성폐기물학회지 Vol.1 No.1

IAEA, FT-04-020 및 ANS 16.1의 침출시험법을 각각 수행하여 얻은 시험결과를 이용하여 상호 비교 평가하였다. 붕산을 함유한 파라핀 및 시멘트 고화체에서의 $^{60}$Co 과 $^{137}$Cs의 ANS 16.1의 침출지수는 6이상이었으나 고화매질과 탈염수의 종류에 따라 상반되는 침출거동을 보였다. 침출수로 합성해수와 탈염수를 사용하였을 경우 $^{60}$Co는 시멘트 고화체에서는 합성해수, 파라핀 고화체에서는 탈염수에서 침출이 높았다. 반면에 $^{137}$Cs의 침출정도는 시멘트에서는 탈염수, 파라핀에서는 합성해수에서 높았다. $^{60}$Co의 침출분율은 시멘트 고화체에서 IAEA > ANS > FT의 순으로 높았으며, 반대로 파라핀고화체에서는 이의 역순이었다. IAEA, FT-04-020, and ANS 16.1, standard leaching test methods, were evaluated comparatively with their test results. Leaching index of $^{60}$ Co and $^{137}$ Cs by ANS 16.1 method for waste forms of paraffin and cement were above 6.0. Their leaching behavior were depending on the type of matrix and leachant. Leachability of $^{60}$ Co for cement waste form was higher in simulated seawater than do-mineralized water, and was higher in de-mineralized water for paraffin waste form. leachability of $^{60}$ Co was contrary to $^{137}$ Cs. Cumulative fraction leached of $^{60}$ Co was higher in order or IAEA > ANS > FT in a cement waste form.

n-GaAs 구조에서의 ArF excimer laser annealing에 따른 Photoreflectance 특성 연구

김기홍,유재인,심준형,배인호,임진환,김진희,유재용,Kim, Ki-Hong,Yu, Jae-In,Sim, Jun-Hyoung,Bae, In-Ho,Lim, Jin-Hwan,Kim, Jin-Hi,Yu, Jae-Yong 한국진공학회 2007 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.16 No.2

n-GaAs의 시료를 furnace annealing 처리와 laser annealing 처리를 한 후, PR 방법으로 비교 조사하였다. 시료는 Furnace annealing을 5 분간 $400{\sim}800^{\circ}C$에서 처리한 시료와 ArF excimer laser($30{\sim}50\;W$)로 5 분간 Laser annealing 처리 한 시료로 준비하였다. Furnace로 annealing을 한 경우에 주 신호(정점)는 1.43 eV에서 관측되었는데 비해 laser로 annealing 한 샘플은 1.42 eV로 0.01 eV가 더 작게 관측되었다. 이는 laser annealing이 furnace annealing 보다 표면과 내면에서 일어나는 열처리 효과가 더 고르게 일어나가 때문이다. We investigated variation of the photoreflectance(PR) signals for n-GaAs furnace and laser annealed. The samples were annealed by using ArF excimer laser(5 min, $30{\sim}50\;W$) and furnace(5 min $400{\sim}700^{\circ}C$). The PR signals(top point) measured from the ArF excimer laser annealed sample showed 1.42 eV and furnace annealed sample showed 1.43 eV. This result is ArF excimer laser annealed sample was uniform annealed surface and inter state.

우루과이라운드와 석유유통업 개방 영향과 대책

김기홍,Kim, Gi-Hong 대한석유협회 1991 석유와 에너지 Vol.1991 No.7

우루과이라운드 서비스 협상의 최근 경위와 석유유통업

김기홍,Kim, Gi-Hong 대한석유협회 1991 석유와 에너지 Vol.1991 No.2