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담수산 진주패 뻘조개 , Anodonta(Sinanodonta) woodiana(Lea) 의 생식주기 및 임란기
정의영 한국수산학회 1980 한국수산과학회지 Vol.13 No.4
The reproductive cycle and the breeding season of the freshwater clam, Andonta (Sinanodonta) woodiana (Lea) have been investigated by histological examination of the gonadal development under photomicroscopy. The materials were monthly collected from the Nakdong River for one year from sptember 1979 to August 1980. Sexuality of Andonta (Sinanodonta) woodiana is dioecious, and the species are ovoviviparouts. The gonads are irregularly arranged from the subregion of mid-intestinal gland in visceral cavity to reticular connective tissue of foot. The ovary is composed of a number of small ovarian sacs. The epithelium of ovarian sac has a function of the germinal epithelium. Oogonia actively proliferate along the germinal epithelium of the ovarian sac, in which young oocytes are growing. The testis is composed of a number of seminiferous tubules, and the epithelium of the tubule has function of germinal epithelium, along which spermatogonia actively proliferate. A great number of undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue and eosinophilic granular cells are abundantly distributed between the growing oocytes and spermatocytes in the early development stages. With the further development of the ovary and testis these tissues and cells gradually disappear. Then the undifferentiated mesenchymal tissue and granular cells are considered to be related to the growing of the oocytes and spermatocytes. The gonads had function year-round the individuals which have various developmental stages of gonads appearing all the time. Spawning continued year-round except for the period of high temperature of water, during August and September. The peak spawning seasons appeared twice a year between January and March, and between June and July in 1980. Individuals which have trochophore larvae in the marsupium of the adult appeared year-round except September 1979 and August 1980. The rate of individuals which have glochidia in the marsupium was 72.7 percent in May 1980 which was the highest brooding rate.
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정의영 한국패류학회 2006 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.22 No.2
Gonad index, spermatogenesis and the reproductive cycle of Meretrix petechialis were investigated by cytological, histological observations. Monthly changes in the gonad index coincides the gonadal development. The morphology of the spermatozoon had a primitive type and is similar to that of other bivalves―a short mid-piece with five to six mitochondria surrounding the centrioles. The morphology of the sperm nucleus type and the acrosome shape of this species were cylindrical type and cap-like shape, respectively. The spermatozoon was approximately 40-45 m in length including the sperm nucleus length (about 1.50 m), acrosome length (0.60 m) and tail flagellum. The axoneme of the tail flagellum consisted of nine pairs of microtubules at the periphery and a pair at the center. The axoneme of the sperm tail showed 9 + 2 microtubular arrangement. The spawning period was from June to September and the main spawning occurred from July to August when seawater temperatures were higher than 20°C. The reproductive cycle of this species could be categorized into five successive stages: early active stage (February to March), late active stage (February to May), ripe stage (April to July), partially spawned stage (June to September), and spent/inactive stage (September to February).
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정의영,김성한,백용해 한국패류학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.27 No.3
Boring behaviour and drilling mechanism were investigated by visual observations. In this study, of two kinds of holes (the outer and inner holes) which are formed by drilling of boring gastropod Lunatia fortunei (Naticidae), the diameters of the outer holes are broader and larger than those of the inner holes, and their holes look like the crater in shape, as seen in all valves of bivalves bored by Naticidae species. Two kinds of glands (the accessory boring gland and accessory salivary gland) on the foots of boring gastropods have been investigated. Of them, it has been confirmed that only the accessory salivary glands on the foots secreted sulphuric (acidic) components in the mucus (secretion), while the accessory boring glands on the foots did not secrete their components. In this study, we confirmed that L. fortunei possess the accessory boring gland on the foot, as seen in most species in Naticidae. The results of the experiment of the blue litmus paper tests of the mucus (secretions) secreted from the accessory boring gland showed that the color of the blue litmus paper did not turn red in color because chemical components of mucus (secretion) secreted from the accessory boring gland on the foot of L. fortunei (boring gastropod) were not acidic components. It is supposed that the mucus, which is secreted from the accessory boring gland, contained gelatin-like substances or enzymes without acidic components, as already reported in Naticidae species. Therefore, these substances may be involved in softening the surface of the valves of M. veneriformis. Consequently, L. fortunei drilled holes through the shells of molluscs by means of following 3 methods: (1) a softening of the calcareous shells of M. veneriformis with chemical secretions (including gellatin-like substances or enzyme except for acidic components) from the accessory boring glands, (2) mechanical rasping with the radula, (3) a combination of both. In this study, particularly, acidic components, which are involved in softening the surface of the shells, are not associated with the boring mechanism of L. fortunei because chemical acidic components were not detected in the mucus (secretion), as found in Naticidae species.
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정의영,김진희,김성한,서원재 한국패류학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.27 No.2
The ultrastructural characteristics of germ cell development during spermatogenesis and mature sperm morphology of in male Scapharca subcrenata were investigated by transmission electron microscope observation. Spermatogonia are located nearest the outer wall of the acinus, while spermatocytes are spermatids are positioned nearer the accessoy cells. The accessory cells, which is in close contact with developing germ cells, contained a large quantity of glycogen particles and lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. Therefore, it is assumed that they are involved in suplying of the nutrients for germ cell development. The morphologies of the sperm nucleus and the acrosome of this species are the oval shape and cone shape, respectively. Spermatozoa are approximately 45-50 μm in length including a sperm nucleus (about 1.30 μm in length), an acrosome (about 0.59 μm in length), and tail flagellum (about 43-47μm). The axoneme of the sperm tail shows a 9 + 2 structure. As some characteristics of the acrosomal vesicle structures, the right and left basal rings show electron opaque part (region), and the anterior apex part of the acrosomal vesicle shows electron opaque (region). These characteristics of the acrosomal vesicle were found in the family Acinidae and other several families in the subclass Pteriomorphia. These common characteristics of the acrosomal vesicle in the subclass Pteriomorphia can be used for phylogenetic and taxonomic analysis as a taxonomic key or a significant tool. The number of mitochondria in the midpiece of the sperm of this species are five, as one of common characteristics appear in most species in the family Arcidae and other families in the subclass Pteriomorphia. The acrosomal vesicle of Arcidae species does not contain an axial rod and several transverse bands in acrosome, unlkely as seen in Ostreidae species in the subclass Pteriomorphia, These characteristics can be used for the taxonomic analysis of the family or superfamily levels as a systematic key or tools.
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정의영,이창훈,최문술,이기영 한국패류학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.26 No.3
For the studies of germ cell development and maturation in the ovary, the gametogenic cycle and the number of spawning seasons per year in female Ruditapes philippinarum were investigated by quantitative statistical analysis using an Image Analyzer System. Compared with the results by qualitative and quantitative analyses, monthly variations in female gonad indice by qualitative histological analysis showed a pattern similar to that of the female gametogenic cycle calculated by quantitative statistical analysis. The number of spawning seasons occurred once per year, from June to October. In quantitative statistical analysis using an image analyzer system, monthly changes in the portions (%) of the ovary area to total tissue areas in females increased in March and reached a maximum in May, and then showed a rapid decrease from June to October when spawning occurred. And also monthly changes in portions (%) of follicle areas to the ovary area and in portions of oocyte areas to ovarian tissue areas in females began to increase in March and reached a maximum in May, and then. rapidly dropped from June to October when spawnig occurred. From these data, it is apparent that the number of spawning seasons occurred once per year, from June to October. Monthly changes in the number of the oocyte per mm2 and in mean diameter of the oocyte in captured image which were calculated for each female slide showed a maximum in May and reached the minimum from December to February 2004. Therefore, female R. philippinarum showed a unimodal gametogenic cycle during the year.
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