인천연안역 저서동물군집의 시.공간적 분포 양상

고병설,이재학,홍재상,Koh, Byoung-Seol,Lee, Jae-Hac,Hong, Jae-Sang 한국해양학회 1997 바다 Vol.2 No.1

인천 연안역을 중심으로 1994년 5월에서 1995년 2월까지의 4계절에 걸쳐 저서동물군집을 조사하고 저서동물의 종 조성에 따른 시 공간적 분포 양상을 파악하며, 생물분포에 관여한 다양한 환경요인의 측정과 함께 해양환경을 평가하였다. 조사결과 총 231종, 평균 455개체/$m^2$의 저서동물이 채집되었고, 이 중 주요 우점종은 다모류의 Heteromastus sp., Sternaspis scutata, Chaetozone setosa, Mediomastus sp., Glycinde sp., Glycera sp.와 Nephtys oligobranchia 등이었으며 조사시기별과 해역별로 커다란 차이가 있었다. 종 조성에 따른 공간적 유사성에 있어선 크게 4개의 정점군으로 대별되어 팔미도 외해역(I), 주 수로역과 시화방조제 부근 해역(II), 영종도 북동쪽 해역(III), 인천항과 소래 입구역(IV)으로 나뉘어 졌다. 이러한 구분은 저서동물의 분포에 일반적으로 영향을 주는 퇴적물의 입도 뿐만 아니라 중금속 농도 및 용존산소의 차이 등과 오염의 정도에 따라 나타나는 다모류와 연체동물의 출현비의 증가, 갑각류의 Phoxocephaiidae의 출현여부, 오염지시종의 증가 등은 정점군 I에서 정점군 IV로 갈수록 오염되어졌음을 잘 반영하고 있다. This study was carried out to investigate the composition and the distribution of the benthic community in the coastal area of Inchon seasonally from May 1994 to February 1995, and to estimate the environmental factors that effect the temporal and the spatial changes of benthic species composition. In the present study, 231 species were collected with the average density of 455 ind./$m^2$. The dominant species were Heteromastus sp., Sternaspis scutata, Chaetozone setosa, Mediomastus sp., Glycinde sp., Glycera sp. and Nephtys oligobranchia, which are in the polychaete group; abundance of these species showed seasonal and spatial variations. The study area was divided into 4 regions by cluster analysis such as outside area of Palmido (I), main channel region and adjacent are of Shihwa sea wall (II), north-eastern area of Youngjongdo (III), and the Inchon harbor and the mouth area of Sorae harbor (IV). The particle size of sediment which generally influences the distribution of the benthic community, the differences of the concentration of heavy metals, and of the dissolved oxygen, the increase of the proportion of polychaetes and molluscs, the absence of the crustacean phoxocephalids, and the increase of the abundance of pollution indicator species, indicated that the environment of the areas have been degrading gradually from Group I to Group IV.

습지보호지역 모니터링 결과와 관리정책

고병설(Byoung-Seol KOH) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2012 한국해양환경공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

순천만 갯벌복원 생태계 모니터링

고병설(Byoung-Seol KOH),정회인(Hoe-In JUNG),한동욱(Dong-Uk HAN) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2013 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

제주도 연안에서 해저 지하수 및 지하수 기원 영양염류 유입량의 시간적 변화

황동운,고병설,Hwang, Dong-Woon,Koh, Byoung-Seol 한국해양학회 2012 바다 Vol.17 No.4

해저지하수와 지하수 기원 영양염류 유입량의 시간적 변화특성을 알아보기 위해 2009년 9월부터 2010년 9월까지 2-3개월 간격으로 제주도의 방두만에서 지하수의 유출속도와 영양염류 농도를 측정하였다. 해저지하수의 유출속도는 0~330 cm/day(평균 약 170 cm/day)였으며 조석주기 동안 육상 지하수면과 해수면사이의 수리학적 압력경사의 변화로 인해 고조에서 저조로 갈수록 빨라지는 경향을 보였다. 또한, 해저지하수의 유입량은 겨울철에 비해 여름철에 상대적으로 높았다. 지하수 기원 영양염류 유입량은 방두만내 전체 영양염류 유입양의 용존무기질소는 90~100%, 용존무기인은 70~95%, 용존무기규소는 65~100% 이었으며, 이는 0.9~33 g $carbon/m^2/day$의 유기탄소 생성에 기여를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 해저지하수를 통한 영양염류의 유입은 제주도 연안의 부영양화 및 생물생산에 매우 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 보인다. To determine the temporal variations of submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and SGD-driven nutrients inputs, we measured the seepage rate and the nutrient concentrations of pore water/groundwater in Bangdu Bay of Jeju Island at two and three month intervals from September 2009 to September 2010. The seepage rate of groundwater ranged from 0 to 330 cm/day (average ~170 cm/day) during the five sampling periods, which increased sharply from high tide to low tide due to changes in hydraulic pressure gradient between water table in land and water sea level in the coastal ocean by the tidal cycles. The submarine inputs of groundwater were also relatively higher in summer than in winter. The nutrient fluxes from SGD were about 90~100%, 70~95%, and 65~100% of the total input (except from open ocean waters) for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), phosphorus (DIP), and silicate (DSi), respectively, potentially supporting about 0.9~33 g $carbon/m^2/day$ of new primary production in Baugdu Bay. Thus, our study suggests that SGD-driven nutrients may play an important role in the eutrophication and biological production in the coastal ocean of Jeju Island.

증도 물길복원 사업에 따른 해양생태계 변화

정회인(Hoe-In JUNG),고병설(Byoung-Seol KOH),조수연,배진호(Jin-Ho Bae) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2013 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

인천연안역 저서동물의 종조성을 이용한 환경평가

이재학(Jae Hac Lee),고병설(Byoung Seol Koh),박흥식(Heung Sik Park) 한국수산과학회 1997 한국수산과학회지 Vol.30 No.5

In order to select an effective and appropriate evaluation method for the marine environmental protection and management, it is necessary to evaluate the present status of environmental conditions and to monitor and regulate the harzadous waste continuously. Among the evaluation methods that use benthic fauna, some graphical methods and biological index methods such as species abundance-biomass(SAB), Rank-frequency diagram(RFD), Abundance-Biomass comparison(ABC), Log-normal distribution(LND), and Benthic Pollution Index(BPI) modified by Infaunal Trophic Index were used for the assessments of marine environment in the Inchon coastal area. Even though the graphic methods are convenient for easy glimpse of general trend of environmental condition but because they require sufficient ecological data, those methods do not fit for analysis or comparison of regional and detailed environmental condition. On the other hand, when BPI was applied, it was able to compare the spatial benthic conditions. Through considering the functional aspects of benthic fauna which can not be obtained in the cluster analysis, BPI was made it possible to measure or trace down the source of pollution. In the case of the environmental assessment result analyzed in Inchon coastal area, the north eastern part of Yongjongdo was more influenced by the pollution than the outer area of Inchon. The research indicates that especially Inchon harbor has been greatly affected.

이상치 검증을 이용한 한반도 연안생태계의 배경 농도 및 관리 항목 도출에 대한 예비 연구

진병선,황인서,김영남,고병설,유정규,정회인,여정원,우승,박경수,CHIN, BYUNG SUN,HWANG, IN SEO,KIM, YOUNG NAM,KOH, BYOUNG SEOL,YOO, JEONG KYU,JUNG, HOE IN,YEO, JUNG WON,WOO, SEUNG,PARK, GYUNG SOO 한국해양학회 2019 바다 Vol.24 No.1

해양생태계조사는 많은 항목을 다양한 장소로부터 다양한 시기에 조사/분석한다. 따라서 다항목의 복잡한 생태 자료를 효과적으로 분석하기는 매우 어려우며, 또한 자료 분석을 통하여 생태계의 현황을 파악하고, 문제점을 진단하기는 더욱 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문은 생태 조사 자료의 분포 특성과 이상치 분석을 통하여 복잡한 생태 자료의 합리적 해석에 대한 예시를 제시하고자한다. 주요 연구 내용은 각 생태 자료의 분포 특성을 고려한 한반도 연안의 생태 요소별 배경 농도 도출과 생태계 모니터링 지시자 도출 및 적응적 관리 체제 구축이다. 본 논문에 이용된 자료는 해양수산부와 해양환경공단이 주관하는 국가해양생태계종합조사의 연안생태조사 자료를 이용하였으며, 주요인용 시기는 2015~2017년 자료이다. 본 논문은 상기 과정을 정립하는 예비 연구이며, 국가해양생태계종합조사 중 연안생태조사가 한반도 전 연안에서 총 3회가 완료되는 시점인 2020년 이후에 연안생태계의 생태 요소별 배경 농도 및 관리 방안에 대한 최종 결과가 도출될 예정이다. The marine ecosystem survey investigates and analyzes multi-parameters at various times from various sites. Therefore, it is very difficult to analyze the complex ecological data of multi-items effectively, and it is more difficult to identify the current status and diagnose the problems of ecosystem through data analysis. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an example of interpretation of complex ecological data through analysis of distribution characteristics and outliers of ecological survey data. The main contents of the study are to elucidate the background levels of coastal ecosystem parameters considering the distribution characteristics of data, and to establish ecosystem monitoring indicators and an adaptive management system for the coastal waters in Korean Peninsula. The data used in this paper are based on the coastal ecosystem survey of the National Marine Ecosystem Monitoring Program conducted by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) and the Korea Marine Environment Management Corporation (KOEM), and the major citations are from year 2015 to 2017. This article is a preliminary study to establish the above processes and the final result will be derived in 2020 when the coastal ecosystem survey is completed three times along the Korean coast.

인천연안 대형저서동물 군집 변동에 미치는 환경요인의 영향

유옥환 ( Ok Hwan Yu ),고병설 ( Byoung Seol Koh ),이형곤 ( Hyung Gon Lee ),이재학 ( Jae Hac Lee ) 한국수산과학회 2004 한국수산과학회지 Vol.37 No.5

N/A In coastal area of Inchon, dredging and the disposal of dredged material for sea-wall construction and reclamation have increased in recent years. These activities may impact the benthic environment and result in changes in benthic communities, but little information is available on the extent and direction of these changes. We investigated whether there have been changes in the dominant macrobenthic species and benthic community over the last decade, and explored the relationship between environmental variables and spatial patterns of macrobenthic community structure. We sampled macrobenthos and recorded environmental variables in the coastal habitats of Inchon in March and June 2004. In total, 212 macrobenthic species were recorded during this study, predominately crustaceans (34%), mollusks (32%) and polychaetes (21%). The mean density of macrobenthos was 1,393 ind./㎡. The most abundant species was Amphioplus japonicus (20.5%), followed by Heteromastus filifornris (14.4%), Theora fragilis (8.2%) and Ampharete sp. (4.0%). Over the past decade the dominant macrobenthic species in this area shifted. Multivariate analysis (multidimensional scaling) revealed significant differences in community structure among three regions: the middle part of the sampling area (B), site 8 (C) and other sites (A). Mean density varied significantly among the three regions, but no differences in the number of species and diversity (H`) were observed. The distribution of the macrobenthic community was affected by environmental variables such as percentage sand content and sediment kurtosis. Species that were important in different areas included A. japonicus in region A, Raeta puchella in region B and T. fragilis in region C. The important species in regions B and C were filter-feeding bivalves, and the abundance of these species may be related to the increase in percentage sand content. We suggest that the sediment composition (percentage sand content) may be an important factor in determining the dominant species and structure of the macrobenthic communities in coastal Inchon. Long-term monitoring programs are necessary to understand ongoing changes in the benthic communities of this area.

함평만 조간대 해조류 분포지역의 퇴적 및 저서환경 특성

황동운 ( Dong Woon Hwang ),고병설 ( Byoung Seol Koh ) 한국수산과학회 2012 한국수산과학회지 Vol.45 No.6

To understand the characteristics of sedimentary and benthic environments in habitats of naturally-occurring intertidal benthic macroalgae, various geochemical parameters of sediment (grain size, ignition loss [IL], chemical oxygen demand [COD], and acid volatile sulfur [AVS]) and pore water (temperature, salinity, pH, and nutrients) were measured in the southern intertidal zone of Hampyeong Bay at two month intervals from April to October 2009. Ecological characteristics including the distribution and biomass of benthic macroalgae were also investigated. Benthic macroalgae were distributed below 4 to 5 m depth from mean sea level near the lower portion of the intertidal zone where air exposure time is relatively short. The distribution area and biomass of benthic macroalgae gradually decreased during the study period. The surface sediments in the benthic algal region were mainly composed of finer sediments, such as slightly gravelly mud and mud. The temperature, salinity, pH, and nutrient concentrations (except dissolved inorganic nitrogen) in pore water did not differ in regions with and without benthic macroalgae, whereas the mean grain size and the concentrations of IL, COD, and AVS in sediments were much higher in regions harboring benthic macroalgae. The correlation between mean grain size and IL in sediments displayed two distinct gradients and the slope was much steeper in regions harboring benthic macroalgae, indicating that the content of organic matter in benthic algal region is not solely dependent on mean grain size. Our results indicate that the benthic macroalgae in the southern intertidal zone of Hampyeong Bay play an important role in the accumulation of organic matter in sediment.

전남 남부 반폐쇄적인 내만 갯벌 퇴적물의 지화학적 특성

황동운 ( Dong Woon Hwang ),김평중 ( Pyoung Joong Kim ),전상백 ( Sang Back Jeon ),고병설 ( Byoung Seol Koh ) 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.5

To understand the geochemical characteristics of intertidal sediment in a semi-enclosed bay, we measured various geochemical parameters, including grain size, ignition loss (IL), chemical oxygen demand (COD), acid volatile sulfide (AVS), and trace metals (Al, Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, and As), in intertidal sediment from three bays (Deukryang Bay,Yeoja Bay, and Gamak Bay) in the southern region of Jeollanam Province. The intertidal sediment in Deukryang Bay consisted of various sedimentary types, such as sand, gravelly muddy sand, mud, and silt, whereas the intertidal sediments in Yeoja and Gamak Bays were composed mainly of mud. The concentrations of IL, COD, AVS and trace metals in the intertidal sediments of the three study regions were relatively high near areas affected by input of stream waters and/or shellfish farming waste. The concentrations of organic matter and trace metals in Gamak Bay were much higher than those in Deukryang and Yeoja Bays, which appears to be due to the influence of anthropogenic pollutants, originating from the city and the industrial complex near Gamak Bay. The evaluation results of organic matter and metal pollution using the sediment quality guidelines showed that the intertidal sediments in the three study regions were not polluted in terms of organic matter and trace metals. In future, sustainable management for sources of organic matter and trace metal is necessary to conserve a healthy benthic ecosystem in intertidal sediments.