서울 시내 일부 대학생의 성지식과 성태도에 관한 연구

김보배,노은경,박서영,박영,오승희,전영란,차현진,윤희상,김수지,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38

This study surveyed and analyzed comparatively college students-knowledge' attitude, was to cultivate the right knowledge and attitude on sex, and serve the foundational data for the suitable sex education. The purpose of the study was to identify and examine: 1) students; sexual knowledge and sexual attitude; 2) the differences between variables of gender, age, and self-perceived sexual knowledge in relation to sexual knowledge and sexual attitude; and 3) the relationship between sexual knowledge and sexual attitude. For this study the questionaires were given to 300 students from five different universities located seoul areas. the questionaires were collected Jenuary 8th to 15th in 2004. Two hundred and nigty one samples were analyzed for the study. The adapted SKAT(saxual knowledge & attitude test; Lief & Reed, 1986) was used to determine sexual knowledge and the students' sexual attitude. Collected data were analyzed statistically by means of percentage, t-test, ANOVA test, and pearson correlation analysis with SPSS 12.0 package program. The main results of this analysis are as follows: Participants consisted of male(48.1%) and female(51.9%) which were mainly between the ages of 21.25(71.8%) with an age range of 19 to 30. Knowledge of sexual disease was scored highest of 92.4%, and konwledge of the knowledge of the male and female's anatomy was the lowest at 60.9%. The respondents' level of sexual attitude was tolerant as on average 3.66(on the basis of 5) Relating to the items, the respondents' score of the sexual curiosity was 4.16, sexual behavior 3.85, self-consolation 3.81, aborthon 3.23, virgine 3.19, extramarital experiences 3.17. There were no significant differences in sexual knowledge between male and females, between younger and older students, residence, sexual experience, and how students mainly obtained their sexual knowledge. But a significant difference was also found religion in their sexual attitude(p<.005). In addition, results showed the relationship between sexual knowledge and sexual attitude(P=0.332).

巴金의 《추운 밤》의 현실주의 연구

朴蘭英 中國語文硏究會 1992 中國語文論叢 Vol.5 No.-

Methotrexate가 脾臟에 미치는 影響에 관한 硏究

朴景蘭,李永浩,金源式 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1991 충남의대잡지 Vol.18 No.1

In order to study the morphological changes of spleen after treatment with methotrexate, ICR mice were used as experimental animal. The experimental mice were divided into control, 50mg/kg and 500mg/kg of methotrexate treated groups. Methotrexate injected intravenously via tail vein once on the 8th day of pregancy. The mice were sacrificed on the 1st, 2nd 3rd and 4th day after treatment, the spleens were removed and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution for 48hrs. Spleens were cutted 5㎛ thick and stained with H-E, then observed under the light microscope. The results were as follows: 1. The size of spleen were reduced after MTX treatment more on dose day by day. 2. The periarterial lymphatic sheath (PALS) and germinal center were also reduced after MTX treatment. 3. The lymphocytes of white pulp showed nuclear pyknotic changes and many nuclear debris were found after MTX treatment. 4. The brown hemosiderin pigments were increased markedly in the red pulp of MTX treated groups. 5. Marked proliferation of fibrous trabeculae were found in the red pulp of MTX treated mice.

K市 管末 水道꼭지의 水質 特性에 關한 硏究

박란,이성기,송영일 조선대학교 환경연구소 1999 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.1

The purpose of this study was water quality of water treatment plants and distribution and service pipes examine and comparison, remain effect of disinfectant examine, used quality mark out prediction technique according to the distance apart from water treatment plants as intend to contributed water management. 1. The Langelier Saturation Index which is used to measure corrosion is influenced by the pH of the water, pH is at 6.3∼7.3 at the terminal place and in summer there is minimal pipe line corrosion in K city. 2. The shorter the distance from the water treatment plant to the tap the free chlorine residual concentration is only slightly deminished, but as the as the distance from source to tap increases the free chlorine residual concentration in the water decreases. Free chlorine residual change the 1st reaction, the 1st reaction was C=0.70e^-0.105L. 3. The equation of 1st reaction law for color was C=1.636e^0.008L, 1st reaction law for turbidity was C=0.57e^0.050L. 4. The optimum distance for free chlorine residual concentration of 0.2㎎/L is about 15∼16㎞ from water treatment plant(or distribution reservoir). Therefore, when the terminal place is 20∼25㎞ the injection of free chlorine residual as the concentration of 0.3∼0.5 ㎎/L from water treatment plants(or distribution reservoir). The high free chlorine residual concentration avoid inject, in result pipe line corrosion and THM's was potential of dissolved.

일부 부인과 양성 질환자의 지방조직 및 혈청의 PCBs와 DDE 농도

박성균,이강숙,노영만,구정완,민선영,한진구,고원경,김미란,정재근,이종승,김진홍 大韓産業醫學會 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.1

목적 : 본 연구는 지방조직과 혈청의 PCBs와 DDE 농도를 측정하고, 이에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려진 요인들과의 관련성을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법 : 유방암, 자궁내막증 등 유기염소계 화합물의 영향이 있는 것으로 알려진 호르몬 관련 질병을 제외한 부인과 환자 52명을 대상으로 지방조직과 혈청을 분석하였으며, 설문조사를 통하여 연령, 교육수준, 직업, 비만도, 흡연과 음주, 출산력, 수유력등을 조사하였다. 지방조직과 혈청의 PCBs와 DDE 농도는 가스크로마토그래피를 사용하여 측정하였다. 결과 : 지방조직의 경우, 13개 PCBs congeners 농도의 합은 중앙값이 48.29 ng/g, 기하평균값이 56.78 ng/g이었고, DDE 농도는 중앙값이 142.89ng/g, 기하평균값이 117.06 ng/g이었으며, 혈청의 경우는 PCBs congeners 농도의 합은 중앙값이 4.67 ㎍/L, 기하평균값이 4.85 ㎍/L이었고, DDE 농도는 중앙값이 1.75 ㎍/L, 기하평균값이 2.09 ㎍/L로 나타났다. 지방조직과 혈청의 DDE 농도 사이는 높은 상관성을 보였으나(r²=0.310, p=0,0002), PCBs는 상관성이 약한 것으로 나타났다(r²=0.029, p=0.2582). 영향요인을 범주화한 후 로그변환 시킨 지방조직과 혈청의 PCBs, DDE 평균의 차이를 분석한 결과, 지방조직의 DDE만이 출산자녀수(p=0.015), 초산연령 (p=0.014), 비만지수(p=0.035)와 연관성이 발견되었다 다중회귀분석의 결과 지방조직의 DDE는 출산자녀수가 적을수록, 초산연령이 늦을수록 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 결론 : 출산자녀수와 초산연령, 비만도가 지방조직의 DDE와 관련성을 보였으며, 또한 유기염소계 화합물의 장기간의 노출에 의한 영향을 평가하는데 있어서 혈청보다 지방조직이 더 유용한 생물지표임을 알 수 있었다. Objectives : This study was purposed to determine the levels of PCBs and DDE in adipose tissue and serum and to evaluate the relations with factors affecting these levels. Methods : We analyzed adipose tissues and sera from 52 gynecologic benign disease patients aged 27-78 years, except hormonal diseases such as breast cancer and endometriosis. We also surveyed age, education, occupation, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, number of children, and duration of breastfeeding by questionnaires. Tissue and serum levels of PCBs and DDE were measured using gas chromatography. Results : The median and geometric mean levels of PCBs were 48.29 ng/g, 56.78 ng/g for adipose tissue and 4.67 ㎍/L, 4.85 ㎍/L for serum, and those of DDE were 142.89 ng/g, 117.06 ng/g for adipose tissue and 1.75 ㎍/L, 2.09 ㎍/L for serum, respectively. Adipose tissue and serum levels for DDE showed high correlation (r²=0.310, p=0.0002), but those of PCBs didn't (r²=0.029, p=0.2582). In analyses of the differences of the means of log transformed adipose tissue and serum PCBs and DDE levels for groups of potential covariates, only adipose tissue DDE levels were significantly associated with number of children (p=0.015), age at first birth (p=0.074) and BMI (p=0.035). In multiple regression analysis, adipose tissue DDE levels were significantly increased with decreasing number of children and increasing age at first birth. Conclusions : This study suggested that parity and adiposity were associated with levels of DDE in adipose tissue, and adipose tissue is a better biomarker than serum for evaluating the long-term exposure of organochlorines.

영어 부정극어에 관한 소고

박영란 이화영어학회 1996 영어학 연구 Vol.- No.1

Negative polarity items are licensed in negative sentences, whereas positive polarity items in the positive sentences. Why are these negative polarity guaranteed only in the place where negative force is domineering? To explain the relationship between negative polarity items and their licensing items, Ladusaw (1979a, b) proposed the hypothesis of downward entailment, but Linebarger (1987) the negative implicature. The difference between two hypotheses is in that the former treated negative force as minor factor, but the latter did not. This article shows that the hypothesis of negative implicature equips much better mechanism of explaining the negative polarity items. That is, though Ladusaw neatly formulated the condition to license the negative polarity in terms of the inferences from supersets to subsets, he failed to account for determiner little, adjectives having negation, the superlative adjectives, and idiomatic expressions.

비인두 암종에서 Epstein-Barr virus 감염과 p53 유전자 변이의 관계

박영식,최홍란 전남대학교 치과대학 2001 구강과학 Vol.13 No.1

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a common neoplasm of the head and neck, and commonly found in Southeast Asia. Epstein ­ Barr virus(EBV) is found within the malignant cells in most cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The p53 gene has been implicated as a tumor suppressing gene in many types of human cancers, but the frequency of mutations varies in different cancers. To find out the correlation between EBV infection and p53 mutation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, we evaluated the presence of EBV using EBER ­ 1 in situ hybridization and a mutation of p53, using PCR ­ SSCP analysis and DAN sequencing method. We examined nasopharyngeal specimens from 33 patients, histologicaly consisting of 27 cases of nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (WHO ­ Ⅱ) and 6 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma (WHO ­ Ⅲ) according to the World Health Organization claasification. EBER1 were detected in 14 of 33 (42.4%) cases. Positive hybridization signals were restricted to the nuclei of tumor cells. Of 14 cases 14 cases, 11 out of 27 (40.7%) cases of WHO ­ Ⅱ, and 3 out 6 (50%) cases of WHO ­ Ⅲ were positive. 33 biopsy specimens were analyzed by PCR ­ SSCP for p53 gene mutations. Our study concentrated on exons 5 through 9 of the p53 gene. However, we did not detect any mobility shifts n exon 5/6, 7 and 8/9 of the p5 gene in comparison to the banding patterns of the normal control. The reliability of the SSCP analysis was confirmed by sequencing five randomly chosen specimens for the exon 5 ­ 9 region. Among five cases, 4 out 5 cases were EBER1 positive and histologially WHO ­ Ⅱ, and 1 out of 5 cases were EBER1 negative and WHO ­ Ⅲ. We detected point mutation in 3 cases were EBER ­ 1 positive and WHO ­ Ⅱ. No alteration of the exon 7 and 8/9 of the p53 sequence was observed. Alteration occurred in 2 out of 3 cases; GCC was replaced by GTC at codon 131, resulting in a change in amino acid sequence from alanine to valine. In one 3 cases, TCC was replaced by TTC at codon 149, resulting in a change from arginine to arginine. Based on the above results, this study shows correlation between the presence of EBV and mutations of the p53 gene, suggesting contributions to malignant transformation in nasopharynx. We need to futher investigate this situation to understand the stepwise progression of nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis.

콤포머의 NaOH 용액 내에서의 화학적 분해

박미란,양규호,최남기,이영준,김선미 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

이상적인 수복재료는 치아의 저작기능과 심미성을 회복할 수 있어야 하며 동시에 생체 적합성과 구강 내 환경변화에 대한 내구성을 가지고 있어야 한다. 그러나 수복물이 장기간 구강 내 환경에 노출되면 수복물 표면의 마모와 변색 및 수복물 자체의 파괴가 발생될 수 있다. 콤포머도 복합 레진처럼 낮은 마모 저항성을 주요한 단점으로 지적할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 현재 유치 수복에 많이 사용되고 있는 Dyract (Dentsply, USA), Elan(Kerr, USA), F-2000(3M, USA)의 3종의 콤포머(polyacid modified resin composites)를 알칼리성 용액(0.1N NaOH)에 보관하였을 때 각 제품의 무게손실, 분해층 깊이 및 시편내에서 용출된 Si, Al과 Ba의 농도를 평가하여 제품간의 분해저항성을 평가하고 비교를 하고자 하였다. 각 제품 당 6개의 시편을 제작하여 무게 측정을 한 후, 0.1N NaOH용액, 3㎖에 저장하여 60℃에서 보관하였다. 2주후 제거하여 1.23% HCI로 2시간동안 중화하고 증류수로 세척한 60℃에서 건조하였다. 분해저항성은 무게손실, 분해층 깊이 및 시편내의 Si, Al과 Ba의 농도 변화를 근거로 평가하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 각 제품의 무게 손실량은 1.43%~2.14%까지 다양하였으며 제품 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 2. 각 제품의 표면하 분해층 깊이는 182.92㎛~227.70㎛였으며 제품 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 3. 각 제품으로부터 용출된 Si, Al양은 각 제품마다 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p<0.05), Si는 Dyract에서 Al은 F-2000에서 가장 많은 양이 방출되었다. 용출된 Ba양은 각 제품마다 유의한 차이가 없었다. 4. 무게 손실량과 표면하 분해층 깊이 사이의 상관 관계에서 비교적 높은 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.64, p<0.05). 5. 주사전자현미경 관찰시 0.1N NaOH용액에 보관한 후 콤포머기질과 필러사이의 결합의 파괴를 관찰할 수 있었으며, 기질이 소실되어 필러입자가 두드러진 양상을 보였다. 또한 필러입자의 표면은 분해에 의해 탈회된 모습을 보였다. 이상의 결과에서 현재 유치 수복에 사용되고 있는 3종의 콤포머는 분해저항성에 있어 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the resistance to degradation of three commercial compomers in an alkaline solution. Dyract(Dentsply). Elan(Kerr) and F-2000(3M) polyacid modified resin composites(compomers) were used in this study. The resistance to degradation was evaluated on the basis of mass loss(%), degradation depth(μm) and Si, Al, Ba loss(ppm). The results were as follows : 1. The mass loss of each brand was 1.42%-2.14% and there was no statistically significant difference of mass loss among Dyract, F2000 and Elan. 2. The degradation layer depth of each brand was 182.92-227.7μm and there was no statistically significant difference of degradation layer depth among Dyract, F2000 and Elan. 3. There was statistically significant differences in Si-loss and Al-loss among three compomers (p〈0.05). Si loss was the highest value in Dyract and Al loss was the highest value in F2000. 4. There was statistically significant correlation between mass loss and degradation layer depth (r=0.60, p〈0.05). 5. In SEM finding, there was some destruction of compomer matrix-filler interface in post-exposure specimen to NaOH solution. As the matrix decreased, the filler particles distinguished and the periphery of the filler particles appeared whitish color due to degradation.

巴金의 아나키즘 小考

朴蘭英 中國語文硏究會 1996 中國語文論叢 Vol.11 No.-

巴金의 《隨想錄》 硏究

朴蘭英 中國語文硏究會 1994 中國語文論叢 Vol.7 No.-