Acute and Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Study of Ammonium Persulfate in Spraque-Dawley Rats

Kim, Yong-Soon,Baek, Min-Won,Sung, Jae-Hyuck,Ryu, Hyun-Youl,Kim, Jin-Sik,Cho, Hyun-Sun,Choi, Byung-Gil,Song, Min-Sub,Song, Moon-Yong,Baik, Eun-Ju,Choi, Young-Kuk,Kim, Jong-Kyu,Yu, Il-Je,Song, Kyung-Se Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2009 Toxicological Research Vol.26 No.3

The toxicity test of ammonium persulfate was conducted to ensure of its potential toxic effects according to the single-dose acute oral toxicity study (OECD Guideline 423) and 90-day repeated dose sub-chronic oral toxicity study guideline (OECD Guideline 408) for establishing national chemical management system, and matching in the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS) category. In acute oral toxicity study, pasty stool, perineal contamination and temporary body weight decrease were observed after dosing 1st and 2nd challenge (300 mg/kg body weight). All test animals were dead within 6 hours after dosing at 3rd challenge (2000 mg/kg body weight). Therefore, the GHS class of test substance is considered class 4. In sub-chronic toxicity study, body weight changes, food consumptions, hematological, biochemical and pathological examination did not show any noticeable and significant differences between the administered (5, 20, 80 mg/kg body weight) and control (vehicle only) group animals. Based on these results, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is considered above 80 mg/kg body weight.

Acute and Sub-chronic Oral Toxicity Study of Ammonium Persulfate in Spraque-Dawley Rats

Yong Soon Kim,Min Won Baek,Jae Hyuck Sung,Hyun Youl Ryu,Jin Sik Kim,Hyun Sun Cho,Byung Gil Choi,Min Sub Song,Moon Yong Song,Eun Ju Baik,Young Kuk Choi,Jong Kyu Kim,Il Je Yu,Kyung Seuk Song 한국독성학회 2009 Toxicological Research Vol.25 No.3

The toxicity test of ammonium persulfate was conducted to ensure of its potential toxic effects according to the single-dose acute oral toxicity study (OECD Guideline 423) and 90-day repeated dose sub-chronic oral toxicity study guideline (OECD Guideline 408) for establishing national chemical management system, and matching in the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS) category. In acute oral toxicity study, pasty stool, perineal contamination and temporary body weight decrease were observed after dosing 1st and 2nd challenge (300 ㎎/㎏ body weight). All test animals were dead within 6 hours after dosing at 3rd challenge (2000 ㎎/㎏ body weight). Therefore, the GHS class of test substance is considered class 4. In sub-chronic toxicity study, body weight changes, food consumptions, hematological, biochemical and pathological examination did not show any noticeable and significant differences between the administered (5, 20, 80 ㎎/㎏ body weight) and control (vehicle only) group animals. Based on these results, the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) is considered above 80 mg/kg body weight.

충남대학교병원 마취발전의 경향에 관한 분석 : 1967년부터 - 1996년까지 from 1967 to 1996

최세진,김상수,정규돈,윤석화,신용섭,손수창,이원형,김혜자,이정은 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1998 충남의대잡지 Vol.25 No.2

To evaluate the specificity and historical trends of the anesthesia in Chungnam National University Hospital, anesthetic experiences of 83,572 in total performed at Chungnam National University Hospital from January 1967 to December 1996 were analyzed statistically and clinically according to age, sex, surgical department, physical status, elective and emergency surgery, premedicants, IV anesthetics, anesthetic methods, inhalational anesthetics, muscle relaxants. The results were as follows : 1. The number of cases has been steadily increased year by year. 2. The ratio of male to female was 52.8% : 47.2%. 3. According to the age, There were 44,905 cases (54%) in the group of 13-45 years. 4. According to the ASA classification of physical status, most of the cases were belonged to the class 1 & 2 (72.5%). 5. The ratio of elective to emergency was 79.4% to 20.6%. 6. Recently, glycopyrrolate has been used increasingly. 7. Thiopental sodium has been mainly used for intravenous induction agent. 8. General anesthesia has been used mainly. 9. Enflurane is the most common inhalational anesthetic agent. but Isoflurane has been used increasingly. 10. Most of muscle relaxants are Pancuronium & Vecuronium(84.5%).

製絲時(韓國,中國産고치)의 界面活性劑(Monopol LX, Emulon DO#113) 處理가 製絲成績에 미치는 影響

최진섭,裵啓宣,鄭元福,金東建 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1992 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.1 No.1

본 實驗은 界面活性劑인 Monopol LX와 Emulon DO #113을 0.04%, 0.07%, 0.1%로 稀釋하여 煮菌時의 低溫渗透部 단독 處理區와 低溫渗透部 및 繰絲湯의 동시 處理區로 하여 中國産고치와 韓國産고치의 繰絲成績 및 絲質을 調査 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1. 解舒率은 韓國産, 中國産 모두 無處理區에 비해 Monopol LX 와 Emulon DO #113을 處理時에 增加하였으며 0.1% 濃度에서 그 경향이 높았다. 2. 解舒絲長은 解舒率과 같은 傾向으로 無處理區보다 Monpol LX와 Emulon DO #113 處理區에서 전반적으로 길어졌는데 특히 中國産고치에서 Monopol LX 0.1% 處理時 高度의 有意差를 보였다. 3. 菌絲長은 處理別로 다소의 增感은 있었으나 無處理區와 거의 비슷한 傾向을 나타내었다. 4. 菌絲量은 Monopol LX와 Emulon DO #113약제 처리시에 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 5. 生絲量比率은 無處理區에 비해 減少하는 경향을 나타내었다. 6. 副蠶絲量은 界面活性劑 處理의 結果 그 양이 減少되었으며 특히 韓國産 누에고치에서 0.07%, 0.1%의 Emulon do#113 渗透部 및 繰絲湯 處理區에서 5%의 有意差를 보였다. 7. 解舒率이 높을수록 無處理區에서는 强力은 負의 相關을 解舒絲長, 繭絲長, 繭絲量, 生絲量比率, 伸度등에서는 正의 상관을 나타내었고, Monopol LX 0.1% 處理區는 副蠶絲量에서, 그리고 Emulon Do#113 0.1% 處理區에서는 副蠶絲量, 繭絲織度, 伸度 등에서 負의 相關을 나타내었다. 8. 한국산 고치에 비해 중국산 고치는 고치의 크기가 작고, 解舒率, 解舒絲長, 繭絲長, 繭絲量, 生絲量比率, 伸度등의 成績이 떨어졌으며, 副蠶絲量이 많은 편이었다. This experiment was carried out to investigate the reeling silk results and silk quality of Korean cocoon and Chinese cocoon which were experimented on the following condition that Monopol LX & Emulon DO #113(penetrating agents) were 0.04%, 0.07%, 0.1% under only low temperature osmose treatment and simultaneous treatment of low temperature osomose & reeling bath in cocoon cooking, and the results obtained were as follows; 1. The percentage of reliability increased in the treatment of Monopol LX, Emulon DO #113 as compared with control in both Korean cocoon & Chinese cocoon exhibited a high tendency in 0.1% concentration to the extent to show a significant difference. 2. The nonbreaking length of a bave was totally longer in the treatment of Monopol LX, Emulon DO #113 than control as in the percentage of rawsilk, especially, showed a highly significance in the treatment of Monopol LX 0.1% of Chinese cocoon. 3. The length of a bave showed almost similar tendency to control with more or less increase and decrease according to the treatments. 4. Decreasing tendency was revealed in treating Monopol LX and Emulon DO #113 on the terms of the bave weight. 5. On the terms of the percentage of rawsilk, decreasing tendency was appeared in treating plots as compared with control. 6. The weight of byproduct was decreased by treating the penetrating agents especially on Korean cocoon, the statistically significant differences of 5% were revealed in treating the osomose and reeling both of Emulon DO #113 concentrated with 0.07% and 0.1%. 7. Negative correlation in tenacity was appeared in control as increasing the percentage of rawsilk, and positive correlation in the nonbreaking length, length of a bave weight, percentage of reliability, and elongation was convinced and also negative correlation was revealed in weight of byproduct treated with Monopol LX(0.1%) and in weight of by product, size of bave, and elongation treated with Emulon DO #113(0.1%), 8. The percentage of rawsilk, nonbreaking length of a bave, percentage of reliability, weight of a bave, size of a bave and elongation of Chinese cocoon were all lower than those of Korean cocoon, and on the hand, the weight of byproduct was more.

초등학생용 진로성숙도 검사 개발 및 타당화

송인섭 ( In Sub Song ),정미경 ( Mi Kyung Chung ),김효원 ( Hyo Won Kim ),최영미 ( Young Mi Choi ) 한국아동교육학회 2011 아동교육 Vol.20 No.3

본 연구는 초등학교 고학년을 대상으로 발달계에서 주어지는 진로문제들에 대해 대처할 수 있는 준비도인 진로성숙도를 측정할 수 있는 검사를 개발하고 타당화하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 먼저, 국내·와 진로성숙도에 대한 각종 논문과 이론을 참고하여 진로성숙도를 개념화하고 관련 검사 문항들을 검토하여 문항을 개발하였다. 예비검사와 타당화 과정을 거쳐 총 78문항을 선정하고 요인분석과 문항난이도, 문항변별도 등을 구하여 검사를 타당화하였다. 그 결과 태도검사의 문항들이 .30 이상의 단일요인 부하량을 나타내어 각 척도가 단일성 요인임을 설명해주고 있으며 능력검사의 신뢰도는 Cronbach α계수 .52~.86으로 나타났다. 계획성 요인의 경우 .52로 일반적인 신뢰도 기준에는 낮은 신뢰도로 판단되나 진위형 척도의 특성상 신뢰도가 낮게 추정된 것으로 보인다. 그 이외의 하위용인에서는 적절한 신뢰도를 나타내었다. 그리고 진로성숙도의 내적 구조를 분석한 결과 진로성숙도의 구조는 진로에 대한 능력과 태도로 구성되며, 태도는 결정성, 독립성, 계획성으로, 능력은 직업이해. 직업선택, 그리고 직업성으로 구성된 모형이 적합함을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구는 지로성숙도를 측정하기 위해 Crites의 CMI모형을 근간으로 측정요인을 선정하고 초등학생에 맞는 연구모형을 재정립하였다는 점에서 이론적 의의가 있으며, 연구의 특성에 적합한 접근 방법으로 도구를 타당화하였다는 점에서 방법론적 의의가 있다. 그리고 아동이 진로를 선택하는 데 있어서 어떠한 정의적 태도와 지적 사고를 가지고 있는가에 대한 정보를 제공함으로써 자신에 대한 이해와 직업에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 올바른 진로선택을 할 수 있도록 도울 수 있으며 진로교육과 관련된 프로그램을 개발하는 데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 실제적인 의의가 있다. The purpose of this study is 1) to define the concept of the career maturity: 2) to develop and validate the scale of career maturity for elementary school students. In order to answer these purposes, we first reviewed related documents and inventories, as to research the constructed factors which to develop an career maturity scale, then defined the concept of career maturity and the theological constructive model. The were included in 2 components of attitude and cognitive abilities for career maturity accordingly in 6 sub-components 195 elementary school students were analysed at pilot test and 1010 students were conducted final test. Based on factor analysis and item analysis, 77 items were selected to final test items. And this scale was validated through the evidence based on internal structure. Significance, limitations, and future research directions were discussed.

EBSD를 이용한 변형소둔한 극저탄소강의 결정립 성장 해석

安聖權,洪承賢,崔章鉉,鄭元燮 대한금속재료학회 2002 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.40 No.8

A study has been made of the grain coarsening in IF steel after strain annealing. A 92.5% cold rolled and annealed IF steel sheet was temper rolled by 0.4% reduction in thickness and subsequently annealed at 750℃, 850℃ and 950℃ for various time periods. The grains occasionally started to grow abnormally near the surface and grew into the center during strain annealing. The pole figure and EBSD measurements showed that the abnormally grown grains did not have any orientation relation with the primary recrystallization texture before temper rolling. Grains which underwent less strains due to their orientations during temper rolling are believed to grow at the expense of surrounding grains from the calculated Taylor factors. Thus, the major coarsening mechanism was regarded to be the strain induced grain boundary migration rather than grain boundary characteristics.

柔道技術 중 허벅다리걸기의 運動學的 特性

신성휴,손명성,김원섭,최승필 한국운동역학회 1998 한국운동역학회지 Vol.8 No.2

This study has been aimed to analyze UCHIMATE technique of Judo gymnastically. The following are the results and the proposition obtained through an image analysis method 3 men half heavy weight champions of the national Judo standing team(85-95kg) were used as subjects for the study. 1. CONCLUSION The following are the conclusion obtained through the discussion of analysis results of the Uchimata technique using 3 men, half heavy weight(85-95kg) champions of the National standing Judo team. 1) The time performing total technique were 1.48-seconds which was performinglonger than the light heavy weight class of 1.28-seconds by 0.20-seconds, this showed that the heavy weight class players demonstrated the technique later than the light heavy weight class palyers. 2) The average length of moving 1-step leg for attacking was 24.27cm, and 2-step leg moving was 92.87cm on average. Therefore, the shorter the moving distance, the more the technique performing hour could be shortened. 3) In the hanging phase, the moving displacement of the center of gravity of the body weight showed in horizontal, vertical, right and left direction 28.97cm, 21.59cm and 13.57cm respectively. Each of which were longer than the phase of KUZUSHI and TSUKURI. Such results show that the center of gravity of the body in move lift the opponent. This reducing the displacement of body weight from the center toward the right and left direction in the phase of KAKE is considered to be effective in demonstrationg the technique. 4)The central speed of the body was 0.8cm per second on average and the average vertical speed was 0.74cm per second. The speed of right and left movement was 0.51cm per second on average which showed the horizontal speed was the fastest while it is preferred that the vertical speed should be faster than that of the horizontal. 5) Angle of the Trunk showed 98.13 ˚ on average in the hanging phase and the larger the trunk angle, the shorter the needed time to demonstrate the technique, thus making the throw of the opponent over shoulder more advantageous. 2. PROPOSTION The following propositions are suggested through this analysis for further study : 1) It is to be considered that the kinetics in hanging the thigh and the degree of every segment of the body be studied in a more detailed fashion. 2) A study on the technique of thigh hanging in an actual game situation (rather than during mere exercises) is necessary. 3) It is necessary to study the TORI and UKE techniques together. 4) The study of each weight class ought to be performed.

알루미늄-크롬 용융도금강판의 미세조직과 집합조직에 미치는 크롬의 영향

임병문,홍승현,정재인,최장현,정원섭 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.10

Microstructure and texture changes of aluminized coatings on steel sheets having Cr ranging from 0.0% to 1.0% in the coated layer were investigated. The surface morphology of the Al-Cr coated steel is not influenced by the increase of Cr contents in the coated layer. While the coated layer of aluminized steel consisted of two phases of Al and Al_(5)Fe₂, the aluminized coating layer containing Cr was composed of three phases of Al, Al_(13)Cr₂, and Al_(13)Fe₄+Al_(5)Fe₂. The surface layer was Al, the middle layer was Al_(13)Cr₂, and the interfacial layer between the coating and the steel substrate was Al_(13)Fe₄and Al_(5)Fe₂. The texture of the aluminized coating without Cr was characterized as a {001} fiber texture which major orientation was {001}<110>. As the Cr content in the aluminized layer was increased to 1.0%, the texture of the aluminized coating was not changed but the intensity of the {001} fiber texture was increased. The major orientation in the {001} fiber texture was changed from the rotated cube orientation of the aluminized coating with 0.1%Cr to the cube orientation of the aluminized coating with 1.0%Cr.

알루미늄-크롬 용융도금 강판의 식염수중에서의 부식거동

임병문,홍승현,정재인,최장현,정원섭 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.8

The microstructure and the corrosion behavior of aluminized steel sheet and hot-dipped Al-Cr wteel sheet were investigated. The EPMA, GDLS and XRD measurements of the Al-Cr coated layer showed that the coating layer was characterized by three phases. The surface layer was Al, the middle layer was Al_(13)Cr_(2), and the interfacial layer between the Fe substrate and the coated layer was composed of Al_(13)Fe_(4) and Al_(5)Fe_(2). The polalization curve indicates that the corrosion behavior of Al-Cr coated layer was different from that of Al coated layer. For the Al coated layer, porosities in the Al-oxide film on the surface layer lead to preferential corrosion. After the Al coated layer was completely removed, the Al_(5)Fe_(2) layer was selectively corroded and then, the steel substrate was exposed to the corrosion medium. In case of the Al-Cr coated layer, the Al_(13)Cr_(2) layer became a barrier against further corrosion after the Al layer was removed. In this case, corrosion was not proceeded even through the same current density. The high corrosion resistance was due to the existence of the Al_(13)Cr_(2) layer.

염수분무 환경에서 알루미늄-크롬 용융도금강판의 부식생성물이 내식성에 미치는 영향

임병문,홍승현,정재인,최장현,정원섭 대한금속재료학회 2003 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.41 No.10

The effect of corrosion products of hot-dip Al-Cr steel sheet on the corrosion resistance were investigated. The results of XRD and XPS measurements showed that there was not found a hydroxide type corrosion product on the surface of aluminized steel after salt spray test(SST) but there was found some cracks in the surface layer which accelerates corrosion during SST. In Al-Cr coated steel case, the main phase of the corrosion products after salt spray test was found to be Al(OH)₃. The polalization curves of aluminized steel after SST shows that there was no passivation layer. For the Al coated layer, a porosity in the Al-oxide film on the surface layer leads to preferential corrosion. After the Al coated layer was completely removed, the Al_(5)Fe₂layer was selectively corroded and then, the steel substrate was exposed to the electrolyte. However, the polalization curves of Al-Cr coated steel after SST shows that the passivation layer was formed, which could increase the corrosion resistance of Al-Cr coated steel. In case of the Al-Cr coated layer, the densely covered hydroxide layer of Al(OH)₃and the intermetallic compound layer of Al_(13)Cr₂became a barrier against further corrosion after the Al layer was removed. In this case, corrosion was not proceeded even through the same current density. The densely covered hydroxide of Al(OH)₃and the intermetallic compound layer of Al_(13)Cr₂were considered to be one of the reasons of high corrosion resistance for Al-Cr coating.