In vivo study for the hemostatic efficacy and foreign body reaction of a new powder-type polysaccharide hemostatic agent

Yoonhyeong Byun,Eun Jin Kim,Areum Lee,Young-Ah Suh,Hee Ju Sohn,Jung Min Lee,Jae Seung Kang,Yoo Jin Choi,Youngmin Han,Hongbeom Kim,Wooil Kwon,Jin-Young Jang 대한외과학회 2022 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.102 No.2

Purpose: Various hemostatic agents have been introduced in therapy as postoperative bleeding is a poor prognostic factor for postoperative outcomes. These products can be divided into those that directly promote the hemostatic cascade and those that physically form a barrier by absorbing blood. The latter, powder-type hemostatic agents have the advantages of being inexpensive and more absorbable with less foreign body reactions (FBRs) and are applicable to a relatively wide area. This study was conducted to verify the safety and efficacy of a newly invented polysaccharide product (OOZFIX, Theracion Biomedical), which improves blood absorption and hemostatic effects. Methods: Two separate animal experiments were performed. The first evaluated FBRs histologically at 3 days, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks, after implantation of OOZFIX in rats, and the second compared hemostatic performance of OOZFIX and Arista AH (Bard) in the porcine liver punch biopsy model. Results: We found minimal FBRs in the 3-day group and no reactions in both the 2-week and 4-week groups after implantation of hemostatic agents. The time to hemostasis of OOZFIX was not significantly different from that of Arista AH (median [interquartile range]: 9 [6–10] minutes vs. 8 [6–10] minutes, respectively; P = 0.522). When comparing the serial bleeding grade tendency, there was no statistical difference between OOZFIX and Arista AH (P = 0.656). Conclusion: OOZFIX caused a minimal FBR that disappeared within 2 weeks in vivo, and its hemostatic performance was comparable with that of an existing agent, Arista AH. Further clinical studies are required in the future.

점증적 요통 체조와 교육이 만성 요통환자의 근지구력, 유연성 및 통증에 미치는 영향

유승희,공성아,이만균 경희대학교 체육대학 한국체육과학연구소 2004 體育學論文集 Vol.32 No.-

This study was designed to investigate the effects of a 6-week progressive exercise, mainly calisthenics, and education for low back pain on muscular endurance, flexibility, and self-perceived pain in low back patients. Eighteen female patients, aged 48±6.84 years, were volunteered to participate in the study as subjects. Standing height, body weight, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio(WHR), sit-and-reach trunk extension, sit-up, back sit-up, and pain ratings were measured in pre test. Upon the completion of the pre test, they went through the six weeks of interventions composed of progressive exercise and education for the first four weeks and the exercise only for the last two weeks. Then, they were tested in the post test by the same manner as the pre test. The results of pre and post test were compared by the paired t-test. The main results of the present study were as fellows: First, there were no significant changes by the interventions in body weight and WHR, whereas percent body fat were reduced significantly by the interventions. Second, flexibility and muscular endurance were enhanced significantly by the interventions. Third, self-perceived low back pain ratings and perceive ratings of pain in the daily activities were reduced significantly by the six weeks of interventions. It was concluded that low back pain would be relieved by the progressive exercise and education for low back pain, and that the interventions would be helpful to prevent additional injuries by increasing the flexibility and muscular endurance.

경막 내 colistimethate 투여로 치료한 다제 내성 cinetobacter baumannii 뇌실염

홍유아,유진홍,김진진,모은영,안건희,정희경,김진석,이현정,정미향,윤승배 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.4

Acinetobacter species is a non-fermentative aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus that is an important pathogen found in nosocomial infections. Recently, multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR-AB) infections have been increasing and pose a serious problem. Most such infections present as bacteremia, pneumonia, or a wound infection; however, CNS infections are very rare. We herein present a case of ventriculitis caused by MDR-AB in a 37-year old man after a neurosurgical intervention. The patient was successfully treated with intrathecal colistimethate.

유기용제에 장기간 폭로된 근로자의 정신의학적 기능과 삶의 질

김석재,강순아,유지숙,국승희,윤진상,문재동,이형영 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.5

연구목적: 본 연구는 Y공단의 제조공정에서 저농도의 유기용제(solvent)에 장기간 노출된 근로자의 정신의학적 기능과 삶의 질을 평가하고자 하였다. 방법: 총 142명의 남성근로자 중 유기용제에 폭로된 군(이하 폭로군) 82명과 폭로되지 않는 군(이하 비폭로군) 60명에게 간이정신진단검사(Symptom Checklist-90-R, SCL-90-R), 인지 및 정신운동성검사 (Critical Flicker Fusion Threshold. CFFT; Choice Reaction Time, CRT;Compensatory Tracking Task, CTT;Digit-Symbol Substitution, DDS) 및 한국판 스미스클라인 비챰 삶의 질 척도(Korean version of the SmithKline Beecham 'Quality of Life' Scale, KvSBQOL) 등을 적용하였다. 두 군간의 비교는 평가치의 평균에 대해 t-검증을 하였고 또한 연령과 학력을 공변인으로한 공변량분석(ANCOVA)을 하였다. 결과: SCL-90-R의 9개 증상 차원과 3개 전체 지표 점수는 두 군이 각각 정상범위였다. 그러나 신체화 (Somatization, SOM), 우울(Depression, DEP), 적대감(Hostility, HOS), 공포불안(Phobic anx-iety, PHOB)의 증상차원과 전체심도지수(Global Severity Index, GSI), 표출증상합계(Positive Symptom Total, PST)의 전체 지표는 폭로군이 비폭로군보다 유의하게 높았다. 인지 및 정신운동성 검사와 삶의 질은 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 이상의 결과는 유기용제가 허용치 이하일지라도 장기간 폭로되는 경우에는 정신의학적 문제를 다소 일으킬 수 있음을 시사하였다. 중심단어:유기용제·근로자·정신건강·정신운동성 기능·삶의 질. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychiatric function and quality of life of the chemical workers who had been exposed to long-term, low-level organic solvents in the Y industrial complex. Method: A total of 144 male workers, of whom 82 were in the exposed group and 60 in the unexposed-control group, were evaluated by using Symptom Checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R), series of neuropsychological tests(critical flicker fusion threshold, CFFT) ; choice reaction time, CRT ; compensatory tracking task, CTT) ; digit symbol substitution test, DSS), and the Korean version of the SmithKline Beecham Quality Of Life scale(KvSBQOL). For the statistical analyses, comparisons of the means of the two groups were performed for each variable with two-tailed t-test as well as ANCOVA including age and education as covariates. Results: For the SCL-90-R, the nine symptom scales and the three global indices were clinically within normal range in both groups. However, the scores on the symptom scales of 'somatization','depression','hostility' and 'phobic anxiety', and those on the global indices of 'global severity index' and 'positive symptom total', were significantly higher in the exposed group than in the unexposed group. In terms of the neuropsychological function and the quality of life, there wes no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the long-term eposure to mixed organic solvents, even at the low level below the permissible exposure limit, might induce some psychiatric problems. KEY WORDS: Organic solvent·Worker·Mental health·Psychomotor function·Quality of life.

Calcineurin modulates the catabolic and anabolic activity of chondrocytes and participates in the progression of experimental osteoarthritis

Yoo, Seung-Ah,Park, Bo-Hyoung,Yoon, Hyung-Ju,Lee, Joo-Yup,Song, Joo-Hyoun,Kim, Hyun Ah,Cho, Chul-Soo,Kim, Wan-Uk Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Vol.56 No.7

<B>Objective</B><P>To determine whether intracellular calcineurin (Cn), a calcium-activated phosphatase, regulates the anabolic and catabolic activities of chondrocytes, and is a potential target in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA).</P><B>Methods</B><P>CnA expression was examined in cartilage tissue samples and cultured chondrocytes from OA patients, using immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, respectively. Concentrations of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1) in the culture supernatants were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Levels of nitric oxide (NO) and type II collagen (CII) were measured using the Griess reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively. In addition, the pathologic role of Cn was examined in an in vivo model in which experimental OA was induced in mice by injecting type VII collagenase into the knee joints.</P><B>Results</B><P>CnA was highly expressed in the chondrocytes of lesional OA cartilage. Cyclosporin A (CSA), a Cn inhibitor, inhibited spontaneous and interleukin-1β–stimulated production of NO, MMP-1, and MMP-3 in chondrocytes. However, CSA increased the levels of production of CII, TIMP-1, and transforming growth factor β. Similar changes in MMP-1, NO, and CII expression levels in chondrocytes were observed after the targeted inhibition of Cn by overexpression of calcineurin binding protein 1, a natural Cn antagonist. Moreover, in the mouse model, animals treated with CSA showed a significant decrease in both the extent and the severity of cartilage damage, which were assessed macroscopically and microscopically, compared with vehicle-treated animals.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>These results suggest that CnA is critically involved in the catabolic and anabolic activities of chondrocytes as well as in the progression of experimental OA. Targeted inhibition of CnA may be an effective treatment strategy for OA.</P>

Role of placenta growth factor and its receptor flt-1 in rheumatoid inflammation: A link between angiogenesis and inflammation

Yoo, Seung-Ah,Yoon, Hyung-Ju,Kim, Hyun-Sook,Chae, Chi-Bom,De Falco, Sandro,Cho, Chul-Soo,Kim, Wan-Uk Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Vol.60 No.2

<B>Objective</B><P>To investigate the direct effects of placenta growth factor (PlGF) and its specific receptor, flt-1, which are known to mediate angiogenesis, on the inflammatory process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).</P><B>Methods</B><P>Expression of PlGF and flt-1 in the synovial tissue of RA patients was examined using immunohistochemistry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the concentrations of PlGF, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in culture supernatants of either mononuclear cells or synoviocytes. The flt-1 expression level in mononuclear cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Experimental arthritis was induced in mice either by immunization with type II collagen (CII) or by injection of anti-CII antibody.</P><B>Results</B><P>PlGF was highly expressed in the synovium of RA patients, and its primary source was fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). When stimulated with IL-1β, FLS from RA patients produced higher amounts of PlGF than did FLS from patients with osteoarthritis. Exogenous PlGF specifically increased the production of TNFα and IL-6 in mononuclear cells from RA patients (but not those from healthy controls) via a calcineurin-dependent pathway. The response to PlGF was associated with increased expression of flt-1 on RA monocytes, which could be induced by IL-1β and TNFα. A novel anti–flt-1 hexapeptide, GNQWFI, abrogated the PlGF-induced increase in TNFα and IL-6 production, and also suppressed CII-induced arthritis and serum IL-6 concentrations in mice. Moreover, genetic ablation of PlGF prevented the development of anti-CII antibody–induced arthritis in mice.</P><B>Conclusion</B><P>Our data suggest that enhanced expression of PlGF and flt-1 may contribute to rheumatoid inflammation by triggering production of proinflammatory cytokines. The use of the novel anti–flt-1 peptide, GNQWFI, may be an effective strategy for the treatment of RA.</P>

A Case of Newly Developed Pemphigus Foliaceus and Possible Association with Alternative Bee-Venom Therapy

( Seung Ah Yoo ),( Hyo Eun Park ),( Miri Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2021 Annals of Dermatology Vol.33 No.5

Bee-venom is composed of a variety of peptides, enzymes, and biogenic amines, and is demonstrated to have both anti-inflammatory and immune-stimulatory effects in human body. Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a variant of pemphigus, which is a rare autoimmune bullous disease presenting with erythematous scaly crusted plaques. Although the exact pathogenesis was not identified, there have been three case reports of autoimmune disorders associated with bee-venom. In this case, a 64-year-old female was diagnosed with PF, which was developed after alternative bee-venom acupuncture therapy. We assumed that the bee-venom caused the diseases through a temporal relationship and its known immunostimulatory action. Herein, we suggest that physicians recognize the possibility of bee-venom stimulating the immune system and triggering various autoimmune diseases including pemphigus. (Ann Dermatol 33(5) 467∼469, 2021)

Factors for kidney disease and psoriasis risk in patients with diabetes

( Seung Ah Yoo ),( Eun Hee Yoo ),( Hae Eun Park ),( Jin Woo Park ),( Ji Hyun Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2022 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.74 No.1

<i>MIF</i> allele-dependent regulation of the MIF coreceptor CD44 and role in rheumatoid arthritis

Yoo, Seung-Ah,Leng, Lin,Kim, Bum-Joon,Du, Xin,Tilstam, Pathricia V.,Kim, Kyung Hee,Kong, Jin-Sun,Yoon, Hyung-Ju,Liu, Aihua,Wang, Tian,Song, Yan,Sauler, Maor,Bernhagen, Jurgen,Ritchlin, Christopher T. National Academy of Sciences 2016 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.113 No.49

<P>Fibroblast-like synoviocytes mediate joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and exhibit sustained proinflammatory and invasive properties. CD44 is a polymorphic transmembrane protein with defined roles inmatrix interaction and tumor invasion that is also a signaling coreceptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), which engages cell surface CD74. High-expression MIF alleles (rs5844572) are associated with rheumatoid joint erosion, but whether MIF signaling through the CD74/CD44 receptor complex promotes upstream autoimmune responses or contributes directly to synovial joint destruction is unknown. We report here the functional regulation of CD44 by an autocrine pathway in synovial fibroblasts that is driven by high-expression MIF alleles to up-regulate an inflammatory and invasive phenotype. MIF increases CD44 expression, promotes its recruitment into a functional signal transduction complex, and stimulates alternative exon splicing, leading to expression of the CD44v3-v6 isoforms associated with oncogenic invasion. CD44 recruitment into the MIF receptor complex, downstream MAPK and RhoA signaling, and invasive phenotype require MIF and CD74 and are reduced by MIF pathway antagonists. These data support a functional role for high-MIF expression alleles and the two-component CD74/CD44 MIF receptor in rheumatoid arthritis and suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of this pathway may offer a specific means to interfere with progressive joint destruction.</P>

Placental Growth Factor-1 and -2 Induce Hyperplasia and Invasiveness of Primary Rheumatoid Synoviocytes

Yoo, Seung-Ah,Park, Ji-Hwan,Hwang, Seong-Hye,Oh, Sang-Min,Lee, Saseong,Cicatiello, Valeria,Rho, Sangchul,De Falco, Sandro,Hwang, Daehee,Cho, Chul-Soo,Kim, Wan-Uk The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. 2015 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.194 No.6

<P>Inflammation-mediated oncogenesis has been implicated in a variety of cancer types. Rheumatoid synovial tissues can be viewed as a tumor-like mass, consisting of hyperplastic fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). FLSs of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have promigratory and invasive characteristics, which may be caused by chronic exposure to genotoxic stimuli, including hypoxia and growth factors. We tested whether a transformed phenotype of RA-FLSs is associated with placental growth factor (PlGF), a representative angiogenic growth factor induced by hypoxia. In this study, we identified <I>PlGF-1</I> and <I>PlGF-2</I> as the major <I>PlGF</I> isoforms in RA-FLSs. Global gene expression profiling revealed that cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and cell migration were mainly represented by differentially expressed genes in RA-FLSs transfected with small interfering RNA for <I>PlGF</I>. Indeed, <I>PlGF</I>-deficient RA-FLSs showed a decrease in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, but an increase in apoptotic death in vitro. <I>PlGF</I> gene overexpression resulted in the opposite effects. Moreover, exogeneous PlGF-1 and PlGF-2 increased survival, migration, and invasiveness of RA-FLSs by binding their receptors, Flt-1 and neuropilin-1, and upregulating the expression of antiapoptotic molecules, pErk and Bcl2. Knockdown of <I>PlGF</I> transcripts reduced RA-FLS proliferation in a xenotransplantation model. Collectively, in addition to their role for neovascularization, PlGF-1 and -2 promote proliferation, survival, migration, and invasion of RA-FLSs in an autocrine and paracrine manner. These results demonstrated how primary cells of mesenchymal origin acquired an aggressive and transformed phenotype. PlGF and its receptors thus offer new targets for anti-FLS therapy.</P>