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복지권으로서 교육권 보장을 위한 『장애인 등에 대한 특수교육법』
황정보,이선재,안병주,강경희,김청아 국립특수교육원 2007 특수교육연구 Vol.14 No.2
결핍에서 오는 필요의 개념은 장애인에게 복지권으로서 교육받을 권리를 가장 잘 말해주고 있다. 장애인은 신체적·인지적 손상으로 발생하는 기본적인 생존적 필요의 충족뿐만 아니라 동시에 교육기회 균등이나 개인차의 고려 등을 통해 무지로부터 벗어날 수 있는 보편적 필요가 충족되어야 함을 논의하였다. 장애인들에게 이러한 결핍에 따른 필요를 충족시켜 줄 이론적 근거가 롤즈(J. Rawls)의 정의론이라 할 수 있다. 정의론의 '차등의 원칙'에 따르면, 교육에 있어 비장애인과 장애인 중 먼저 최소 수혜자인 장애인의 교육복지를 우선하여 극대화할 필요성을 제시함으로써, 그들의 교육권 보장을 위한 이론적 근거에 대한 정당화를 논의하였다. 기존의 특수교육진흥법은 '국가가 교육할 권리'를 가지는 국가 주도적 교육이었다면, 「장애인 등에 대한 특수교육법」 제정은 수년간 장애인의 교육권 확보를 위해 애쓴 장애인 교육 주체들이 노력 끝에 '교육받을 권리'를 찾게 된 의미 있는 결실로 평가되어 진다. The concept of need which comes from lack represents well the right to education as welfare rights to individuals with disabilities. It is necessary to meet the universal need of individuals with disabilities such as an equal opportunity for education and the consideration for individual difference as well as their substantial need. The rationale which may satisfy the need associated with the lack can be J. Rawls's a Theory of Justice. The difference principle by Rawls presents the need of the educational welfare of individuals with disabilities(the least advantaged) to take precedence over that of the non-disabled and be maximized, it is considered that he created the rationale that makes secure their right to education. While established Special Education Promotion Law was national-driven education that state had to the education right, the enactment of 'the Special Education Law for the Individuals with Disabilities, etc.' can be a significant fruit which takes back 'the right to education by citizens' by the educational subjects of the individuals with disability who have taken pains to secure their right to education for years.
Enhanced 4-Hydroxynonenal Resistance in <i>KEAP1</i> Silenced Human Colon Cancer Cells
Jung, Kyeong-Ah,Kwak, Mi-Kyoung Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity Vol.2013 No.-
<P>Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) is the transcription factor that regulates an array of antioxidant/detoxifying genes for cellular defense. The conformational changes of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), a cytosolic repressor protein of NRF2, by various stimuli result in NRF2 liberation and accumulation in the nucleus. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of <I>KEAP1 </I>knockdown on NRF2 target gene expression and its toxicological implication using human colon cancer cells. The stable <I>KEAP1</I>-knockdown HT29 cells exhibit elevated levels of NRF2 and its target gene expressions. In particular, the mRNA levels of aldo-keto reductases (AKR1C1, 1C2, 1C3, 1B1, and 1B10) were substantially increased in <I>KEAP1</I> silenced HT29 cells. These differential AKRs expressions appear to contribute to protection against oxidative stress. The <I>KEAP1-</I>knockdown cells were relatively more resistant to hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>) and 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) compared to the control cells. Accordantly, we observed accumulation of 4HNE protein adducts in H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>- or 4HNE-treated control cells, whereas <I>KEAP1</I>-knockdown cells did not increase adduct formation. The treatment of <I>KEAP1</I>-silenced cells with AKR1C inhibitor flufenamic acid increased 4HNE-induced cellular toxicity and protein adduct formation. Taken together, these results indicate that AKRs, which are NRF2-dependent highly inducible gene clusters, play a role in NRF2-mediated cytoprotection against lipid peroxide toxicity.</P>
Jung, Kyeong-Ah,Choi, Bo-hyun,Kwak, Mi-Kyoung American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental 2015 Molecular pharmacology Vol.87 No.3
<P>Overexpression of BCRP/ABCG2, a xenobiotic efflux transporter, is associated with anticancer drug resistance in tumors. Proto-oncogene c-MET induces cancer cell proliferation, motility, and survival, and its aberrant activation was found to be a prognostic factor in advanced ovarian cancers. In the present study, we investigated the potential crossresistance of doxorubicin-resistant ovarian cancer cells to the pheophorbide a (Pba)–based photodynamic therapy (PDT), and suggest c-MET and BCRP/ABCG2 overexpression as an underlying molecular mechanism. The doxorubicin-resistant A2780 cell line (A2780DR), which was established by incubating A2780 with stepwise increasing concentrations of doxorubicin, showed low levels of cellular Pba accumulation and reactive oxygen species generation, and was more resistant to PDT cytotoxicity than A2780. In a microarray analysis, BCRP/ABCG2 was found to be the only drug transporter whose expression was upregulated in A2780DR; this increase was confirmed by Western blot and immunocytochemical analyses. As functional evidence, the treatment with a BCRP/ABCG2-specific inhibitor reversed A2780DR resistance to both doxorubicin and PDT. We identified that c-MET increase is related to BCRP/ABCG2 activation. The c-MET downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling was activated in A2780DR and the inhibition of PI3K/AKT or c-MET repressed resistance to doxorubicin and PDT. Finally, we showed that the pharmacological and genetic inhibition of c-MET diminished levels of BCRP/ABCG2 in A2780DR. Moreover, c-MET inhibition could repress BCRP/ABCG2 expression in breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 and colon carcinoma HT29, resulting in sensitization to doxorubicin. Collectively, our results provide a novel link of c-MET overexpression to BCRP/ABCG2 activation, suggesting that this mechanism leads to crossresistance to both chemotherapy and PDT.</P>
Jung, Hyun Jung,Park, Seok Soon,Mok, Ji Oh,Lee, Tae Kyeong,Park, Choon Sik,Park, Sun Ah Elsevier 2011 Experimental neurology Vol.228 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The imbalance between three-repeat (3R) and four-repeat (4R) tau isoforms produced by the alternative splicing of tau exon 10 leads to neuronal instability and eventual neurodegeneration in tauopathy. However, the role of altered 3R/4R tau ratio in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains controversial. It has been shown that the expression of 3R tau is modulated by peptide amyloid β (Aβ) and that 3R tau levels increase with the progression of AD. The incidence of AD increases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the comorbidity of these disorders is closely associated with both aging and disease duration. To investigate whether changes in 3R and 4R tau isoforms are involved in AD pathology pertaining to age-related T2DM, the expression of tau isoforms and their relationship with AD-like tau pathology were examined in a spontaneous T2DM model using aged Otsuka Long–Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with obesity. An AD-like pathology consisting of increased aggregates in the neuronal cytoplasm and a loss of synaptic proteins was observed in these rats. The aggregates were reactive with a 3R tau-specific, but not 4R tau-specific, antibody. In contrast to 4R tau, the level of 3R tau profoundly increased and the proteins were prone to taking toxic phosphorylated and truncated forms. Taken together, these findings suggest that increased 3R tau may contribute to AD-like tau pathology in a chronic T2DM model. Thus, the restoration of normal 3R tau expression should be considered as an important therapeutic strategy in the treatment of AD.</P> <P><B>Research highlights</B></P><P>► Impaired insulin signaling and decreased synaptic protein in OLETF rats. ► Markedly increased 3R tau isoforms form aggregates in neurons of OLETF rats. ► Increased 3R tau mRNA is accompanied by increased splicing factors, SRp55. ► Increased Tau phosphorylation at Thr212 in the soluble fraction of brain. ► 3R tau not 4R tau contribute to increased phosphorylation of tau.</P>
실리콘나노와이어 바이오센서를 이용한 글루코오스 농도 검출
조정아(Jung ah Cho),이경건(Kyounggun Lee),이인(In Lee),이민호(Min-Ho Lee),정석원(Suk-Won Jung),이국녕(Kuk-Nyung Lee),성우경(Woo-Kyeong Seong) 대한전기학회 2010 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.7
나노와이어 기반의 전계효과 트랜지스터(FET Field-Effect-Transistor)는 생체 분자 검출에 응용 가치가 있어 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다. 이번 연구에서는 실리콘 나노와이어와 글루코오스 산화효소(Glucose oxidase, GOx)를 이용하여 정확한 글루코오스 농도 검출을 목표로 하였다. 나노와이어는 하향식(top-down)법으로 제작하였으며, 표면에 글루코오스 산화효소를 고정하였다. 나노와이어 양 끝 단에 연결된 전극에 일정하게 변하는 전압을 인가한 후, 흐르는 전류를 측정하였다. 글루코오스와 글루코오스 산화효소는 서로 반응하여 과산화수소를 발생시키기 때문에, 나노와이어에 흐르는 전류가 변화하게 된다. 측정된 전류 값은 글루코오스 100-1000㎎/dL의 농도 값에서 선형적 이었다. 이를 통해 실리콘 나노와이어의 글루코오스 농도를 검출하는 바이오센서로서 활용을 기대할 수 있다.
Aberrant expression of mucosal immunity and brain proteins in BTBR T+tf/J mice resembling autism
Yong Heo,Kyeong Min Shin,So Ryeon Hwang,Kyeong Uk Yeo,Ji Hoon Jo,Katharine Roque,Chang-Yul Kim,Jae Hee Lee,Eun Ji Kim,Jae Won Choi,Kyeong Dong Lim,So Jung Sin,Ah Rang Cho,Hyoung Ah Kim 환경독성보건학회 2013 한국독성학회 심포지움 및 학술발표회 Vol.2013 No.10
Kyeong Ah Min,Han Suk Jung,Joo Hyun Ham,Sung Eun Kim 한서대학교 보완대체의학연구소 2012 Research Journal of Complementary and Alternative Vol.- No.3
The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of manual and digital methods in measuring Cobb s angle and Innominate vertical length. Fifteen chiropractic student observers measured the Cobb s angle and Innominate vertical length using both the digital and the film manual methods. Ten whole spine AP X-ray images from idiopathic scoliosis were chosen without predilection for magnitude of the curvature, gender, age or location. Each image was examined 3 times at a minimum interval of 1 day between repeated measurements, by each observer. For the digital measurement, ‘X-maruViewerV1 for chiropractic’ which specific software was developed to digitally reproduce the chiropractic assessment was used, and for the manual measurement, protractor, Gonstead ruler were used. For reliability of inter and intraobserver correlation coefficients(ICC) were calculated. Standard Error of Measurements(SEM) within and between observers measurements was analyzed. The validity of manual and digital measurement was assessed by Student t-test. Statistical indexes of Student t-test, intra and interobserver did not reveal statistically significant differences between manual and digital measurements. This indicates that the statistical indexes calculated for the two methods had similar results. Previous study showed that Cobb s angle measurements may be reproduced in the computer as reliably as with the film manual method, in similar conditions to those found in clinical practice. The result of this study confirms the reliability of digital radiographic imaging software which can be used in chiropractic studying system as well as clinical practice.