Azithromycin으로 치료한 임신 중 쓰쓰가무시병 1예

김광석,최진욱,서호종,김기훈,박성호,서광섭,고성만,김순혜,김호정 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.5

We report a case of tsutsugamushi disease in a 26 year-old pregnant woman who was treated with azithromycin. Her gestation period was 27 weeks and she admitted with fever, rash, and eschar on the right shoulder. Currently recommended medications for the treatment of scrub typhus are doxycycline or chloramphenicol. But, these drugs are class D drugs according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Fetal Risk Summary, so they couldn't be used to treat pregnant women. Recently, a few case reports suggested that azithromycin, a relatively new macrolide antibiotic, was effective and safe for the treatment of scrub typhus in pregnant women. And, there is no evidence that azithromycin causes harmful effects to the developing fetus or to children. On the basis of current in vivo test that confirms the effectiveness of azithromycin, it may be the drug of choice for the treatment of scrub typhus in pregnant women and children. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:380-382, 2001)

건조 상추 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 활성

이은주(Eun-Joo Lee),서유미(Yu-Mi Seo),김용현(Yong-Hyun Kim),정정욱(Chungwook Chung),성화정(Hwa-Jung Sung),손호용(Ho-Yong Sohn),박종이(Jong-Yi Park),김종식(Jong-Sik Kim) 한국생명과학회 2019 생명과학회지 Vol.29 No.3

상추는 가장 선호하는 녹색 채소 중 하나이다. 상추는 폴리페놀성 화합물을 비롯한 다양한 성분을 함유하고 있으며, 항균, 항산화, 항염증 등의 생리활성을 가지고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 건조상추의 에탄올 추출물(DLE)을 제조하고 이들의 항염증 활성을 연구하였다. DLE의 항염증 활성을 측정하기 위하여 LPS로 활성화된 마우스 대식세포 RAW 264.7 세포주에서 nitric oxide (NO) 생성을 측정하였다. DLE는 세포주의 생존에는 영향을 미치지 않으면서 NO 생산을 현저하게 저해하였다. DLE에 의해 염증 유전자인 iNOS와 COX-2의 유전자와 단백질의 발현이 모두 감소하였으며, 6개의 염증관련 cytokine 유전자(IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1F6, TNF-α, CSF2, 그리고 CXCL10)의 발현이 모두 감소하였다. 또한, DLE의 처리는 MAPKs 경로의 인산화를 모두 저해하였으며, NF-κB p65의 핵으로의 이동을 저해하였다. 이러한 결과는 DLE의 항염증 활성은 MAPKs 경로와 NF-κB 경로를 조절함으로써 이루어짐을 시사한다. 또한, DLE는 농도의존적으로 reactive oxygen species (ROS)의 생산을 저해하였으며, hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) 단백질의 발현을 증가시켰으며, HO-1의 전사조절인자인 Nrf2의 핵으로의 이동을 증가시켰다. 결론적으로, 이러한 연구결과는 DLE가 염증관련 유전자의 발현을 감소시키며, MAPKs, NF-κB, 그리고 Nrf2/HO-1 등 다양한 경로를 조절함으로써 항염증 활성을 가지는 것을 제시한다. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the most popular green leafy vegetables, and it contains various beneficial components including polyphenolic compounds and has been known to possess various biological functions such as anti-microbial, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, we prepared ethanol extract of dried lettuce (DLE) and investigated its anti-inflammatory activity. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of DLE, nitric oxide (NO) production was measured in LPS-activated mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. DLE significantly suppressed NO production in these cells without affecting cell viabilities while resveratrol was used as a positive control. DLE dramatically decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as iNOS and COX-2 at the mRNA and protein levels and reduced the expression of several cytokines including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-1F6, TNF-α, CSF2 and CXCL10. In addition, DLE suppressed phosphorylation of MAPKs and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 indicating DLE shows its anti-inflammatory activity via regulating MAPKs pathway and NF-κB pathways. And also, DLE reduced the production of reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner. DLE increased HO-1 protein expression, and also increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. Overall, our results suggest that lettuce down-regulate various pro-inflammatory genes and have its anti-inflammatory activity via regulating MAPKs, NF-κB, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.

연잎, 연자육, 연자방 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 활성

이은주(Eun-Joo Lee),서유미(Yu-Mi Seo),김용현(Yong-Hyun Kim),정정욱(Chungwook Chung),성화정(Hwa-Jung Sung),손호용(Ho-Yong Sohn),박종이(Jong-Yi Park),김종식(Jong-Sik Kim) 한국생명과학회 2019 생명과학회지 Vol.29 No.4

연은 아시아 국가에서 음식과 약재로 널리 사용되는 재료이다. 본 연구에서는 연의 잎(leaf, NL), 자육(seed, NS), 자방(seedpod, NSP)으로부터 에탄올 추출물을 제조하고 이들의 항염증 활성과 작용기전을 규명하였다. 이들의 항염증 활성을 연구하기 위하여 LPS로 자극된 RAW 264.7 세포에서 nitric oxide (NO) 생산을 측정하였다. NL, NS, NSP는 세포 생존율에 영향을 주지 않으면서, 농도의존적으로 NO의 생산을 현저하게 저해하였으며, iNOS 및 COX-2와 같은 pro-inflammatory 중재자들의 단백질 발현을 감소시켰다. 또한, NL, NS, NSP는 MAPKs 단백질의 인신화를 감소시키고 NF-κB p65의 핵으로의 이동을 저해함으로써, 세 추출물에 의한 항염증 활성은 MAPKs 경로와 NF-κB 경로를 조절함으로써 이루어짐을 제시한다. 게다가, ROS의 생성이 세 추출물에 의해서 모두 저해되었으며, HO-1의 발현과 HO-1의 전사조절인자인 Nrf2의 핵으로의 이동이 증가되었다. 결론적으로, 이러한 연구결과는 연의 다양한 부위의 추출물인 NL, NS 그리고 NSP는 항염증 활성을 가지고 있으며, MAPKs, NF-κB, Nrf2/HO-1 등 다양한 신호경로를 통해 조절할 수 있음을 제시한다. Nelumbo nucifera, also known as sacred lotus, has mainly been used as a food throughout the Asian countries. In the present study, we prepared ethanol extracts from leaf (NL), seed (NS), and seedpod (NSP) of Nelumbo nucifera and investigated their anti-inflammatory activities in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activities of NL, NS, and NSP, nitric oxide (NO) production was measured in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. NL, NS, and NSP significantly reduced NO production in a dose-dependent manner without affecting cell viabilities. NL, NS, and NSP dramatically decreased the protein expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as iNOS and COX-2. NL, NS, and NSP also suppressed phosphorylation of MAPKs and the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 indicating they have their anti-inflammatory activities via regulating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. In addition, we analyzed the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the treatment of NL, NS, and NSP. All extracts reduced ROS production in a dose-dependent manner. And also, they increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression and the nuclear translocation of nuclear respiratory factor 2 (Nrf2). In conclusion, our results suggest that Nelumbo nucifera has its anti-inflammatory activity via regulating MAPKs, NF-κB, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)

김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.

정신분열병 환자의 가족부담 척도 개발에 대한 예비연구

김철권,조진석,서지민,김용관,김호찬,김현수,김상수,제영묘 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.3

연구목적 : 정신분열병 환자의 가족이 느끼는 부담을 측정하기 위한 가족부담 척도를 개발하기 위함이다. 방 법 : 200명의 정신분열병 환자 가족과의 비구조적 면담과 외국 부담척도 고찰을 통하여 94문항을 수집하였고 그 다음에 전문가들과 가족들이 문항 및 영역을 분류하고 통합하여 최종적으로 36문항을 선정하였다. 그리고 정신분열병 환자의 가족 135명, 불안장애 환자의 가족 22명, 기분부전장애 및 신체화 장애 환자의 가족 26명, 치매 환자의 가족 49명을 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증하였다. 결 과 : 자료분석 결과 검사-재검사 신뢰도, 내적 일치도, 감별타당도 모두 높게 나타났으며, 요인분석을 통해 다섯 가지 구성요인이 추출되었다. 결 론 : 본 가족부담 척도는 정신분열병을 포함한 만성 정신질환을 앓고 있는 환자의 호전과 가족의 부담을 덜어주기 위한 다양한 프로그램의 효과를 검증하는데 유용하게 사용되어질 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : This preliminary study was carried out to develop the Family Burden Scale(FBS) of the schizophrenics. Methods : Ninety-four items were collected by interviewing in a free unstructured format with one relative of each 200 schizophrenic patients and reviewing foreign FBS's. Several professionals and relatives were asked to group and integrate them into several categories. Finally 36 burden items were chosen to constitute a FBS. The FBS was administered to the relatives of 135 schizophrenic, 22 anxiety disorder, 26 dysthymic disorder and somatization disorder, and 49 dementia patients for examining the reliability and validity. Results : The FBS showed high test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and discriminant validity. The results of the factor analysis revealed five-factor solution. Conclusion : The FBS can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of various programs intended not only to reduce decompensation among schizophrenics, but also to alleviate family burden.

3차원 전산화단층촬영 영상을 이용한 안면 연조직 두께 계측의 임상적 유용성

정호걸,김기덕,한승호,허경석,이제범,박혁,최성호,김종관,박창서 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2006 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.36 No.2

Purpose : To evaluate clinical usefulness of facial soft tissue thickness measurement using 3D computed tomographic images. Materials and Methods : One cadaver that had sound facial soft tissues was chosen for the study. The cadaver was scanned with a Helical CT under following scanning protocols about slice thickness and table speed; 3 mm and 3 mm/sec, 5 mm and 5 mm/sec, 7 mm and 7 mm/sec. The acquired data were reconstructed 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 mm reconstruction interval respectively and the images were transferred to a personal computer. Using a program developed to measure facial soft tissue thickness in 3D image, the facial soft tissue thickness was measured. After the ten-time repeation of the measurement for ten times, repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was adopted to compare and analyze the measurements using the three scanning protocols. Comparison according to the areas was analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. Results : There were no statistically significant intraobserver differences in the measurements of the facial soft tissue thickness using the three scanning protocols (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between measurements in the 3 mm slice thickness and those in the 5 mm, 7 mm slice thickness (p>0.05). There were statistical differences in the 14 of the total 30 measured points in the 5 mm slice thickness and 22 in the 7mm slice thickness. Conclusion : The facial soft tissue thickness measurement using 3D images of 7 mm slice thickness is acceptable clinically, but those of 5 mm slice thickness is recommended for the more accurate measurement.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of By-Products from<i>Haliotis discus hannai</i>in RAW 264.7 Cells

Rho, Ho-Seok,Kim, Hyang,Kim, Jung-Ae,Karadeniz, Fatih,Ahn, Byul-Nim,Nam, Ki-Ho,Seo, Youngwan,Kong, Chang-Suk Hindawi Limited 2015 Journal of chemistry Vol.2015 No.-

<P>Several reports promoted the potential of shellfish due to their ability to act as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents. Pacific abalone,<I>Haliotis discus hannai</I>viscera is, reported to possess bioactivities such as antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory. In this study, anti-inflammatory potential of mucus-secreting glands from shell-shucking waste of<I>H. discus hannai</I>was evaluated using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cell model. Results indicated that presence of<I>H. discus hannai</I>mucosubstance by-products (AM) significantly lowered the nitric oxide (NO) production along the expressional suppression of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines TNF-<I>α</I>, IL-1<I>β</I>, and IL-6 and enzymes iNOS and COX-2. Also, AM was shown to increase expression of anti-inflammatory response mediator HO-1. Presence of AM also scavenged the free radicals<I>in vitro</I>. In conclusion, by-products of<I>H. discus hannai</I>are suggested to possess notable anti-inflammatory potential which promotes the possibility of utilization as functional food ingredient.</P>

두개골의 3차원 영상 분석을 위한 전산화단층촬영 방법의 비교 : 상층 두께가 3차원 영상의 계측에 미치는 영향

정호걸,김기덕,박혁,김동욱,정해조,김희중,유선국,김용욱,박창서 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2004 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.34 No.3

Purpose : To evaluate the quantitative accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) images by means of comparing distance measurements on the 3D images with direct measurements of dry human skull according to slice thickness and scanning modes. Materials and Mathods : An observer directly measured the distance of 21 line items between 12 orthodontic landmarks on the skull surface using a digital vernier caliper and each was repeated five times. The dry human skull was scanned with a Helical CT with various slice thickness (3, 5, 7 mm) and acquisition modes (Conventional and Helical). The same observer measured corresponding distance of the same items on reconstructed 3D images with the internal program of V-works 4.0 (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea). The quantitative accuracy of distance measurements were statistically evaluated with Wilcoxons’ two-sample test. Results : 11 line items in Conventional 3 mm, 8 in Helical 3mm, 11 in Conventional 5 mm, 10 in Helical 5 mm, 5 in Conventional 7 mm and 9 in Helical 7 mm showed no statistically significant difference. Average difference between direct measurements and measurements on 3D CT images was within 2 mm in 19 line items of Conventional 3 mm, 20 of Helical 3 mm, 15 of Conventional 5 mm, 18 of Helical 5 mm, 11 of Conventional 7mm and 16 of Helical 7 mm. Conclusion : Considering image quality and patient’s exposure time, scanning protocol of Helical 5 mm is recommended for 3D image analysis of the skull in CT.

병식 평가 척도-한국판(SUMD-K)의 신뢰도와 타당도 검증

송지영,김기태,이서경,김용희,노준호,김종우,장환일,반건호,강원섭 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives : This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability and the validity of the Korean version of the Scale to Assessment Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD-K). Methods : The subjects were 55 schizophrenic patients between ages of 26 and 58 who were recruited from the psychiatric unit of the university hospital and the out-patient clinic. The SUMD-K and insight scale of PANSS were applied to the patients. Results : The range of inter-rater (Spearman's rho) of the general items of SUMD-K were .97-.98 on the current illness and .58-.98 on the past illness. The correlation coefficient between the sum and the general items of the SUMD-K showed high scores. The concurrent validity between SUMD-K and insight item of PANSS was high (scores between .59-.96). However,the reliability and the validity of the attribution items of symptoms showed low scores compared to the current symptoms. Conclusion : The SUMD-K was confirmed in its reliability and validity. It can be a useful clinician-rating scale for evaluating insight in schizophrenic patients as well as patients with other neuropsychiatric conditions.

성인에서 발생한 발진성 가성 혈관종증

서상희 ( Sang Hee Seo ),장호선 ( Ho Sun Jang ),목혜수 ( Hye Soo Mok ),김성준 ( Sung Jun Kim ),김병수 ( Byung Soo Kim ),김문범 ( Moon Bum Kim ),오창근 ( Chang Keun Oh ),권경술 ( Kyung Sool Kwon ) 대한피부과학회 2007 대한피부과학회지 Vol.45 No.8

Background: Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis (EPA) is a rare, benign, spontaneously regressing childhood exanthem. It is characterized by the sudden onset of several bright red angioma-like papules surrounded by pale halos with a distinct histopathology from true angiomas. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the clinical and histopathologic characteristics of EPA occuring in adults. Methods: Ten adult patients who visited Pusan National University Hospital and Mok Hye-SooㆍJang Ho-Sun Dermatology Clinic from March 2005 to September 2006 were evaluated. We prospectively evaluated the sex, age, onset season, past medical history including immunosuppressive abnormalities, systemic disorders and other diseases including allergies. We also investigated the relations of mosquito biting, patients` occupations and outdoor activities to occurrence of EPA. In addition, simultaneous occurrence in family members, the clinical, histopathologic, laboratory findings, disease courses and responses to treatment were evaluated. Based on medical records, photographs and pathologic slides, we retrospectively diagnosed another 20 EPA patients suspected as insect bite from October 2003 to March 2005. The same questions were inquired as for the 10 patients who prospectively underwent evaluation. Results: In the study, female predominance (76.7%) was observed and the average age of onset was 54.2 years. Interestingly, there was no child patient during the period of study. Multiple, 2∼5 mm sized, red angiomatous papules surrounded by pale halos occurred on exposed areas such as the arms (86.7%), legs (50%), and face (46.7%), although it could also occur to a non-exposed area. EPA occuring in adults usually appeared in summer (80%). The mean disease duration was 3.4 weeks. Although EPA spontaneously regressed, it had the potential of recurrence (46.7%). Histopathologic findings showed dilated dermal blood vessels without the evidence of increase in numbers, and perivascular lymphocytes infiltration. Inside the lumen of dermal blood vessels, plump endothelial cells were found. Conclusion: EPA occuring in adults usually happened to exposed sites in summer, so it can be misdiagnosed as insect bite. We suggest that dermatologists should be concerned about EPA in adults and conduct further investigation to have a better understanding of the disease. (Korean J Dermatol 2007;45(8):797∼803)