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유동호,김형아,허용,성재혁,이한기,박용규 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1
The aim of this study was to evaluate exposure to dust and endotoxin produced while working at swine confinement buildings. The dusts and endotoxin may cause adverse health effects on humans. Fourteen swine farms located at Yong-In, I-Cheon and Yeo-Ju of onggi-do were investigated. Husbandry workers form the farms were requested to wear personal sampler to measure respirable dust levels. Area samplings for total and respirable dust were also conducted at swine confinements buildings by season (summer under window open, winter under window close.) Gravimetric analyses and Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay for measu- rement of dust level and endotoxin, respectively. The highest geometric mean (GM) concentration of airbome dusts was 7.47mg/㎡ for area respirable dust. and 10.35mg/㎡ for personal respirable dust. For respirable dust levels, seven farmers exceeded level of ACGIH, 3mg/㎥. The highest GM of endo- toxin was 5745.40 EU/㎥ for personal respirable dust. Significantly increased level of total dust (p〈0.001) and endotoxin in area total dust was observe with winter samples compared with those of summer. Area total dust and area respirable dust (r-0.622, p〈0.0001) was very significantly correlated in winter. Swine husbandry worker may have a considerable risk of ill health whenexposed to level of dust or endotoxin demonstrated at this study.
박재용,유진식,황승민,임민규,오영규,김용대,한석영,맹주성 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-
An active micro-mixer, which is composed of an oscillating micro-stirrer in the micro-channel to provide effective mixing was optimized. The effects of molecular diffusion and disturbance by the stirrer were considered with regard to two types of mixer models: the simple straight micro-channel and micro-channel with an oscillating stirrer. Two types of mixer models were studied by analyzing mixing behaviors such as their interaction after the stirrer. The mixing was calculated by Lattice Boltzmann methods using the D2Q9 model. In this study, the time-averaged mixing index formula was used to estimate the mixing performance of time-dependent flow. The mixing indices of the two models were compared. From the results, it was found that the mixer with an oscillating stirrer was much more enhanced' and stabilized. Therefore, an approximate optimization of an active micro-mixer with an oscillating stirrer was performed using Kriging method with OLHD (Optimal Latin Hypercube Design) in order to determine the optimal design variables. The design parameters were established as the frequency, the length and the angle of the stirrer. The optimal values were obtained as 1.5754, 0.803D and ±45°, respectively. It was found that the mixing index of the optimal design increased by 83.36% compared with that of the original design.
Yoo, Jae-Gyu,Rho, Gyu-Jin Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.5
Considerable attention has been focused on the cloning of mammalian embryos, as a consequence of poor development, in order to enhance the application of genetic engineering. Experiments were conducted to compare the developmental competence of parthenotes and reconstructed (NT) rabbit eggs with fetal fibroblasts (FFs) following various activation regimens. Oocytes and NT eggs were exposed to: electric stimulation (EST, Group 1) and EST followed by 6-dimethylaminopurine (DMAP, Group 2), cycloheximide (CHX, Group 3) or DMAP/CHX (Group 4). Pronuclear (PN) status, cleavage, blastocyst development and the ploidy were assessed. In parthenote groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, the PN formation differed significantly. And, the cleavage and blastocyst rates were 41.7 and 5%, 75.6 and 53.7%, 68 and 36%, 82.1 and 52.6%, respectively, among treatments. Polyploidy was observed in 17.2% of EST plus DMAP and 44.9% of EST plus DMAP/CHX groups. In SCNT groups (Group 1, 2, 3 and 4), the cleavage and blastocyst rates were 28.6 and 7.1%, 58.3 and 29.2%, 56.8 and 24.1%, 64.5 and 27.8%, respectively. The chromosomal composition differed significantly (p<0.05) among treatments. In Group 2 and 3, 53.8% and 81.8% of embryos revealed diploid chromosomal sets, respectively. However, in Group 4, 53.3% of embryos showed abnormal ploidy (mixoploid). Although DMAP or combination with DMAP/CHX resulted in higher in vitro development of rabbit SCNT embryos, higher incidence of chromosomal abnormality may induce problems related to fetal loss of at late stage of development.
YOO, Jae-Gyu,HUR, Chang-Gi,PARK, Mi-Rung,PARK, Jong-Yi,HWANG, Kyu-Chan,KIM, Jae-Hwan,KIM, Jin-Hoi,CHO, Seong-Keun Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2012 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.74 No.4
<P>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation (EST) on pronuclear formation, chromosomal constitution, and developmental capability among <I>in vitro</I> matured pig oocytes following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). After ICSI, the oocytes were randomly distributed and cultured into 3 groups: the EST activated ICSI group, non-activation ICSI group, and <I>in vitro</I> fertilization (IVF) group. The proportion of oocytes in which 2 pronuclei were formed in ICSI groups was significantly higher in the former groups than in the IVF group (96.2 and 93.5 vs. 64.5%, respectively, <I>P</I><0.05). The cleavage rate was significantly higher in EST activated ICSI group (78.6%) than in the IVF and non-activated ICSI groups (51.8 and 46.0%, respectively, <I>P</I><0.05), as was the proportion of oocytes that developed to the blastocyst stage at day 7 (18.9 vs. 11.6 and 9.1%, respectively, <I>P</I><0.05). Diploid blastocysts were observed in 52.4, 63.0, and 65.2% of oocytes in the IVF, activated, and non-activated ICSI groups, respectively. Eight out of 23 gilts (34.8%) were confirmed to be pregnant in activated ICSI groups, but none of these pregnancies were carried to term. These results show that oocyte activation after ICSI is effective in elevating the cleavage rate and blastocyst development, while ensuring normal chromosome composition. Further research is needed to determine the pregnancy maintenance requirements for ICSI-embryos in pigs.</P>
위하수증으로 위 부분절제술 후 발생한 조기 잔위암 1예
유병철,유재형,박중원,도재혁,김재규,박실무,김형준,유경금,허칠행,문철,장세경 대한소화기내시경학회 1997 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.17 No.2
Gastric stump cancer is defined as cancers that develop in the gastric remnant after the gastric resection of nonmalignant lesions or malignant lesions. The interval between gastrectomy and the detection of gastric stump cancer must be over 5 years in nonmaligant lesions and 10 years in malignant lesions. Symptoms of gastric stump cancer are not specific, so, diagnosis is often delayed. Early detection and curative operation is very important in gasric stump cancer and follow-up endoscopic examination is the most importaint diagnostic tool to detect gastric stump cancer. Recently we experienced a case of early gastric stump cancer. We report review of the literature to remind the important of gastric stump cancer and the important of follow-up endoscopic examination.
자본시장법상 부정한 수단의 의미 -스캘핑 사건을 중심으로-
유재규 ( Jae Gyu Yoo ) 연세대학교 법학연구원 글로벌비즈니스와 법센터 2012 연세 글로벌 비즈니스 법학연구 Vol.4 No.2
2011년 6월 검찰은 12개 증권사의 대표이사와 핵심 임원 등 25명을 자본시장과 금융투자 업에 관한 법률(이하 ``자본시장법``)제178조 제1항 제1호 위반 혐의로 기소했다. 이 사건 재판이 진행되면서 자본시장법 제178조 제1항 제1호의 ``부정한 수단``의 의미에 대해 사기적 요소를 요구할 것인지 아니면 사기적 요소 없이 사회통념상 부정하다고 인정되는 수단을 의미하는 것인지에 대한 의견대립이 있었다. 2011년 11월에 나온 1심 판결은 이와 관련해 사기적 요소를 요구하는 입장을 취한 것으로 보인다. 증권사들에 제공 한편의 수단은 자본시장법이 규정한 부정한 수단으로 볼 수 없다며 무죄를 선고했고, 검찰은 이에 반발하며 항소하였다. 그러나 우리나라의 기존 형사판례를 검토했을 때 ``부정성`` 은 사회상규 또는 신의성실의 원칙에 반하는 것으로서 위법한 것뿐 아니라 부당하면 족한 것이고, 상대방의 의사결정에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 적극적, 소극적 수단으로 해석할 수 있다. 그렇다면 증권사가 스캘퍼들에게 일반투자자들과 다른 수단을 제공한 것은 자본시장법 제178조 제1항 제1호의 ``부정한 수단``으로 볼 여지가 충분하다. 다만 일반투자자들의 손실이 스캘퍼들의 주문과 무관하게 ELW 시장의 구조로 인하여 발생한 것이라면 이들에게 책임을 묻기가 어려워진다. 이를 위해 검찰은 3년간의 ELW 거래 내역을 전수 조사해 부정한 수단 사용과 일반투자자들의 손실 가능성의 인과관계를 밝혀내겠다고 한다. 자본시장법 제178조 제1항 제1호 위반은 위험 범이므로 부정한 수단 사용과 일반투자자의 손실의 인과관계를 명확히 증명하지 못하더라도 가능성이 있다면 처벌할 수 있을 것이다.