Rotavirus 전기영동형별을 위한 RNA 추출과정 및 조건의 비교연구

조은경,김은순,양재명,김경희,조양자 한양대학교 의과대학 1992 한양의대 학술지 Vol.12 No.2

Rotaviruses (Rv) are the major cause of severe dehydrating dearrhea among young children in Korea, where they are frequently responsible for 68% of the cases requiring hospitalization. Laboratory diagnosis of rotaviral infection in Korea depends mainly on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that employs expensive commercial diagnostic kits purchased from abroad and that shous the presence or absence of group A Rv only. PACE have however provided epidemiologic evidence to demonstrate the sxistence of different strains (both group A and atypical Rv) during diarrgeal outbreak, the appearance of new strains and desappearance of old ones from a community, shifts in the prenalence of strains, and the persistance of a single strain in newborns. For such reasons, we have felt that it is essential to raise the sensitivity and shorten the processing time for PAGE. We therfore have devised a rapid method for Rv RNA extration by directly extracting the Rv RNA from the specimens (that is, skipping freon extraction and running as ultracectrifuge) and using an urea-containing dissociation mixture to dissolve dried RNA for PAGE. We have also shorten the PAGE diagnostic results by sequential staining of the same gel with ethidium bromide and silver stain. With the use of the rapid method, it was feasible to increase the efficacy of the PAGE with reduced cost and working time. Phenol extration of stools, however, was essential in maintaining the sensitivity of the method.

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

Serum TSH Level in Healthy Koreans and the Association of TSH with Serum Lipid Concentration and Metabolic Syndrome

( Yeo Kyung Lee ),( Jo Eun Kim ),( Hyun Ju Oh ),( Kyung Sun Park ),( Soo Kyung Kim ),( Seok Won Park ),( Moon Jong Kim ),( Yong Wook Cho1 ) 대한내과학회 2011 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.26 No.4

Background/Aims: The proper treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism and the normal range of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration are intensely debated. However, few reports have investigated TSH concentrations in Asian ethnic groups. Therefore, the present study was designed to define the TSH reference range in a Korean population and to investigate the metabolic significance of TSH concentration. Methods: We enrolled patients who underwent medical examination at the CHA Bundang Medical Center. Anthropometric data were evaluated, and serum TSH, free T4, and lipid profiles were assayed. Results: A total of 7,270 subjects were included. Mean TSH concentration of the study population was 1.82 ± 0.95 mU/L, and we observed a sex-related difference in TSH concentration (male, 1.67 ± 0.87 mU/L; female, 2.02 ± 1.01 mU/L; p < 0.01). When the 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles were calculated, 95% TSH reference limits were 0.52-4.29 mU/L. TSH concentration was higher in elderly subjects, during winter, in postmenopausal women, and in obese males. Moreover, TSH showed significantly positive correlations with serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol regardless of sex, age, season, obesity, or menopausal status (all p < 0.01). Finally, TSH concentration was positively related to the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: We demonstrated the association between TSH concentration within the normal reference range and serum lipid levels. TSH concentration varies according to sex, age, season, and body mass index (only in males). Moreover, high normal TSH levels were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, which may be of importance when evaluating subjects with high normal TSH concentration.

급성기 뇌경색 환자에서 화열 관련 증상과 증후의 변화에 관한 연구

곽승혁,박수경,우수경,이은찬,박주영,정우상,문상관,조기호,조승연,박성욱,고창남,Kwak, Seung-hyuk,Park, Su-kyung,Woo, Su-kyung,Lee, Eun-chan,Park, Joo-young,Jung, Woo-sang,Moon, Sang-kwan,Cho, Ki-ho,Cho, Seung-yeon,Park, Sung-wook,Ko, Ch 대한중풍순환신경학회 2011 대한중풍.순환신경학회지 Vol.12 No.1

Objective : Fire and heat related symptoms and signs are considered common in acute stage of diseases. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the occurrences and changes of fire and heat related symptoms and signs in acute cerebral infarction patients. Method & subjects : 40 acute cerebral infarction patients hospitalized in Oriental medicine hospital, Kyung-Hee University, who had examined and diagnosed 2 or 3 times based on oriental medical diagnosis were selected. We chose 23 as fire and heat related symptoms and signs from 94 diagnostic articles, and we added all those scores together of each patient. We analysed the scores of fire and heat related symptoms and signs as the time passed, and depending on oriental medical diagnosis. Result : In acute cerebral infarction patients of this study, 4 of fire and heat related symptoms and signs were took 1st, 2nd, 4th and 8th places in most changeable 10 articles of total 94 articles. The mean score of fire and heat related symptoms and signs of all patients were decreased significantly over the 3 times of measurements. The 8 patients diagnosed as fire and heat diagnosis at visit1 were samely diagnosed as fire and heat diagnosis at visit2, and at visit3 5 patients of them except for 3 patients excluded between visit2 and visit3, were still diagnosed as fire and heat diagnosis. At all of 3 measuring times, the scores of fire and heat related symptoms and signs of fire and heat diagnosis group were higher than non-fire and heat diagnosis group. Conclusion : This study indicated that fire and heat related symptoms and signs were very changeable phenomenon in acute cerebral infarction patients. And they decreased as time goes on.

장애아동의 통합 어린이집에서 일반 초등학교로의 전이 지원 모형개발

조윤경,홍은주,이은정 한국영유아보육학회 2002 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.28

The comprehensive transition program supporting the three children with disabilities served in integrated day-care center, proceeded to elementary regular school was implemented. The program was consisted of the direct supporting services from 8:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. by supporting teacher stayed in the first grade class included with the three children with disabilities. And the after-school program was carried out in day-care center consisted of small group learning, music therapy, special physical education, community-based training, parent counseling and education. The transition support was lasted for 15 months, as 3 months for preparation and 12 months for program implementation. The results indicated that three children with disabilities showed the positive increases in academic achievement and behavior adjustment in the first grade class compared with the level of initial performance. Based on these outcomes, the future directions for improving the transition support model were discussed.

침지용액이 강낭콩의 조리특성에 미치는 영향

趙銀子,全玄卿 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 1992 生活文化硏究 Vol.6 No.-

To investigate the characteristics of korean Kidney bean, the effect of soaking solution on water uptake and cooking properties during soaking In distilled water, 0.5% NaCl solution. 0.1% HaHC0_3+0.4% NaCl combination solution, 0.4% NaHC0_3+0.1% NaCl combination solution, 0.5% NaHCO_3 solution at 10˚-50℃ was studies. The weight of kidney bean soaking in various soaking solution increased as function of soaking temperature at 10˚-50℃. Under the 30℃ of soaking temperature, water equilibriumstate of kidney bean In various soaking solution was not reached in 12 hours, however, bean soaking in distilled water at 50℃reached water equilibrium after 11 hours of soaking and that of another four soaking solution reached water equilibrium almost in 7 hours. Water equilibrium content of kidney bean were 117.Ol% soaking in distilled water and 128.33% in 0.5% NaHCO_3, solution. Water uptake rate constant(K) of kidney bean in various soaking solution Increased as function of soaking temperature and the increase of water uptake rate constant was the highest in distilled water and the lowest in 0.5% NaHC0_3 solution. Activation energy for weight gain of kidney bean soaking in various solution at 10~30℃was 1.2 tlmes greater than that of 30˚∼50℃. The z-value of kidney bean soaking at 10˚∼50℃ decrease with increase hydration degree and z-value to reach 40% hydration estimated from weight increase was 122℃at 10˚∼30℃ and 40℃ at 30˚~50℃and z-value of bean in 0.5% NaHCO_3 solution was 82℃ at 10˚~30℃and 58℃ at 30˚∼50℃. Volume increase rate of kidney bean increased as function of soaking temperature and kidney bean soaking at 50℃ in various solution reached volume equilibrium state in 10 hours and among these bean in distilled water reached later than the other solutions. Volume increase rate constant increased with soaking temperature, among these the increase of kidney bean soaking in 0.5%t NaHCO_3 solution was the highest. The z-value of 40% hydration estimated volume increase decreased with increase hydration degree. The time to reach a complete cooking of kidney bean In distilled water was 35 minutes, the longest and the time was reduced to 11, 7, 5 and 3 minutes soaking in 0.5% NaHCO_3.solution. 0.4% NaHCO_3+0.1% NaCl combination solution, 0.1% NaHC0_3+0.4% NaCl combination solution 0.5% NaHCO_3 solution, respectively. When the kidney bean was cooked for 20 minutes after soaking 0.575 NaHC0_3 solution, the cooking rate was faster than that of the other solution. Cooking rate constant of kidney bean in 0.5% NaHCO_3 solutions. Kidney bean in 0.5% NaHCO_3 solution. cooking rate constant of the first stage was the highest. which was 5 times of the constant of the second stage and in distilled water, the cooking rate constant of the first stage was about 7 times of the second stage.

지식기반사회와 교육의 과제

조경원,양은주 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육과학연구소 2001 교육과학연구 Vol.32 No.2

현재 우리는 지식기반사회, 사이버시대, 세계화 등으로 표현되는 인류 문명의 대변혁기를 맞고 있으며, 특히 우리의 학교교육은 그 어느 때보다 심각한 위기를 경험하고 있다. 이러한 대내외적인 도전에 부응하여 우리의 교육을 재검토해야 할 필요성에 입각하여 본 연구는 교육적 관점에서 지식기반사회로의 변화가 요구하는 새로운 교육의 방향과 과제를 명료화하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 먼저 지식기반사회로의 이행이란 사회경제적 삶의 조건에 있어 어떤 변화를 의미하며, 그러한 변화에 있어 중심적 요소로 되는 지식 개념이란 기존의 지식 이해로부터 어떻게 다른지를 분석한다. 이를 기반으로 지식기반사회에서 요구되는 교육의 구조적 변화를 교육체제와 학교유형상의 변화를 중심으로, 교육의 기능적 변화를 지향하는 목표, 교육내용의 중점, 방법상의 변화 및 교사교육에의 시사점으로 구분하여 논의한다. 이로써 지식기반사회에서는 교육 구조의 유연성과 다양성이 요구되고, 학교교육은 창조적 인간 형성을 목표로 기초능력과 문제해결력에 중점을 두는 교육내용으로 구성하고 학습하는 방법의 학습능력 배양의 과제를 안고 있으며, 이러한 변화의 의식적인 주체로서 교사의 전문가적 지식 기반의 확충이 무엇보다 중요함을 조명한다. We confront the radical change in every aspect of social life, which is expressed in the knowledge-based society, information technology revolution, globalization, etc. Schooling in our society, in particular, is undergoing crisis, which is far more serious than ever before. Meeting the need to re-examine our educational system as challenged from both within and out of our society, this study aims at illuminating the new direction and tasks for the structural and functional transformation of education today. To begin with, we explicate the characteristics change in the socio-economic conditions as embedded in turning toward the knowledge-based society, and we analyze the conception of knowledge and knowing as distinguished from the traditional epistemological notions. As for the structural change, we suggest that educational system become flexible enough to secure the life-long learning of every individual and that the diverse forms of school system be allowed so as to develop various programs which meet the different needs of students and parents. As for the functional change, we propose that creativity, individuality, and cooperation be considered as constituting crucial traits of the ideal of an educated person, that the curricular contents become centered upon the general knowledge as well as upon the procedural knowledge such as creative thinking and problem-solving, that the method of teaching and learning become attentive to forming of learning disposition, learning how-to-learn, so-called meta-cognition. Most of all, it is important to secure that teachers become active and creative agents in educational transformation with their own professional knowledge base re-constructed continuously and shared widely.

계배 대퇴 근육 세포의 c-fos 유전자 발현 : 신호전달물질 및 신경세포와의 공동배양 효과 Effect of Signal Transduction Regulators and Co-culture with Chick Spinal Cord Neurons

조경혜,김은주 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 1995 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.6 No.-

근육세포의 성장 및 분화는 인접한 신경세포에서 유리되는 신경전달물질에 의해 여러 경로를 통해 상호 조절된다. 본 실험에서는 계배 신경세포와 근육세포를 공동배양하여 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현을 조사하였으며 NGF, EGF, Ca++ionophore, PMA(Phobol 12-myristate 13-acetate)등을 근육세포에 처리함으로써 근육세포의 c-fos 발현 경로를 알아보고자 하였다. 계배 근육세포에서 c-fos 암원 유전자의 발현을 보기위해 Northern bolt과 slot blot 분석을 실시하였다. 발생 12일째된 계배 근육세포 배양 2일째에는 c-fos 발현이 증가되기 시작하여 5일째는 다소 감소하며 6일째는 더 이상 변화를 보이지 않았으며 신경세포와의 공동배양에서는 2일 후 c-fos 유전자의 유도를 관찰하였다. 분화된 근육세포에 EGF를 처리시 신속한 c-fos 발현 유도를 관찰하였으나 NGF를 처리시 그 효과를 관찰할 수 없었다. 이는 외부 신호 전달 물질 EGF와 신경말단의 시냅스 전달이 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현을 조절하는데 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각된다. 또한, Ca++ionophore (A23187)를 처리시 c-fos 암원 유전자의 신속한 증가를 관찰하였으나 PMA를 처리시는 주목할 만한 발현 증가를 볼 수 없었다. 이러한 결과는 Ca++이라는 이차 전령신호가 근육세포내의 c-fos 발현을 가져올 수 있음을 시사한다. 이들 결과로 부터 계배 근육세포에서의 c-fos 발현은 외부자극에 반응하여 초기에 일어나며, 근육세포의 증식과 분화에 관여하리라 생각된다. Growth and differentiation of muscle cells were regulated by synaptic interaction of nerve endings and post synaptic events. This study was aimed to elucidate effects of co-culture with spinal cord neurons and four different signal transduction regulators, NGF, EGF, Ca^++ ionophore (A023187) and PMA (Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) on an expression of c-fos in chick embryonic skeletal muscle cells. Muscle cells were prepared from 12-day-old chick embryonic skeletal muscle cultured for 6 days. An increase in the expression of c-fos was observed after 2 days in culture, it continued for 3 more days, then declined after day 5. after co-culture for 2 days, the c-fos gene expression was increased in the differentiated skeletal muscle cells. The expression of c-fos in the differentiated muscle cells was increased within 60 minutes after treatment with EGF but its expression by NGF was not observed. These findings suggest that extracellular signal transmission through EGF and post synaptic has important roles on the regulation of the c-fos gene expression in differentiated muscle cells. The treatment with Ca^++ ionophore (A23187) in muscle cells induced the c-fos gene expression but PMA did not. These results reveal that the signal transduction pathway through the Ca^++ affects c-fos gene expression in skeletal muscle cells. Taken together, the expression of the c-fos is an early event in the response to external stimuli and plays an important role in proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle cells.

길안천(경북 안동)의 저서성대형무척추동물 군집변동 및 생물학적 수질평가

조희욱,김경호,노상은,박진영,서을원,이종은 7개 국립대학교 환경연구 논문집 공동발행 위원회 2004 공업기술연구 Vol.4 No.-

A biological assessment of water quality was carried out in Giran stream from May 203 to January 2004. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected seasonally from 5 field sites were identified mostly up to species level. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites were composed of 88 species, 68 genera,42 families, 14 orders, 5 class and 4 phyla. The dominance index (DI) showed the high-est as 0.802 at site 5 and the lowest as 1.643 at site 3. Ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate (ESB) showed the highest as 103 at site 2 and the lowest as 63 at site 3. All surveyed sites were Oligosaprobic that the water quality estimated by ecological score of benthic macroinvertebratc community.

상부 조기 위암 환자의 복강경하 상부 위절제술 3례 경험

조규석,김형철,박경규,이문수,송옥평,임철완,신웅진,주종우,유기원 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Background : The reported incidence of early gastric cancer located in the upper portion of the stomach has been increasing with the recent advances in its diagnosis and screening. Recently, we have successfully performed laparoscopic assisted proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction without pyloroplasty on three patients with early gastric carcinoma localized to the upper third of the stomach. We describe our modification of this procedure in this report. Method : After creating an surgical pneumoperitoneum, the stomach was mobilized using laparoscopic coagulating shears. Upper half of the greater curvature and three-quarters of the lesser curvature were then dissected along with regoinal D2 lymphadenectomy. This was followed by a 5 cm, longitudinal mini-laparotomy in the upper abdomen, and the construction of the exteriorized stomach with a gastric tube measuring 20 cm long and 4 cm wide. Reconstruction with an esophagogastrostomy was performed using a circular stapler. Result : No post-operative morbidity or mortality was observed in this small series of patients. The average operative time was 250 minutes (range 220-300 minutes), and the average blood loss was 150 ml (range 90-180 ml). The mean number of lymph nodes harvested during these laparoscopic proximal gastrectomies was 24 nodes (range 22-25 lymph nodes). The average postoperative hospital stays was 7.5 days (range 7-8 days). Conclusion : Our technique of laparoscopic assisted proximal gastrectomy and gastric tube reconstruction without phloroplasty offers a minimally invasive technique with the potential of impoving the post-operative quality of life patients with an early-stage proximal gastric cancer.