Routine double-J stenting for live related donor kidney transplant recipients: It doesn't serve the purpose, but does it serve a better purpose?

Vikash Kumar,Chirag B Punatar,Kunal K Jadhav,Jatin Kothari,Vinod S Joshi,Sharad N Sagade,Madhav H Kamat 대한비뇨의학회 2018 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.59 No.6

Purpose: Despite meticulous techniques, surgical complications continue to be problematic in kidney transplant recipients. Role of routine stenting to reduce complications is controversial. In this study, we compare incidence of early urological complications, lymphoceles, urinary tract infections (UTI) and graft function; with or without double-J stenting. Materials and Methods: All patients who underwent live related donor renal transplantation from February 2014 to February 2016 were included. Transplants prior to February 2015 were without routine stenting; subsequent transplants were with routine stenting. Patients with neurogenic bladder, previously operated bladder and delayed or low urinary output were excluded. Follow-up was for at least three months. Descriptive statistics was performed for all parameters. Chi square test and Fisher's Exact test were used for qualitative variables. For quantitative variables, Mann-Whitney test was used to test median difference and independent samples t-test for mean difference. The p-value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Results: We analysed 74 patients (34 stented and 40 non-stented). There was no difference in the incidence of urinary leak, anastomotic obstruction, lymphoceles or UTI (p>0.4 for all comparisons). However, mean estimated glomerular filtration rate at sixth day, 14th day, one month and two months were 76.1 vs. 61.5 (p=0.025), 72.1 vs. 56.6 (p=0.005), 79.4 vs. 63.1 (p=0.002) and 82.0 vs. 63.3 (p=0.001) in the stented versus non-stented groups. Conclusions: Placement of ureteral stent in renal transplant does not significantly affect the incidence of early urinary complications or UTI. However, graft function is significantly better in stented recipients, at least in the short term.

Poria cocos ethanol extract and its active constituent, pachymic acid, modulate sleep architectures via activation of GABAA-ergic transmission in rats

Vikash Kumar Shah,Sam-Shik Na,Myong-Soo Chong,Jae-Hoon Woo,Yeong-Ok Kwon,Mi Kyeong Lee,Ki-Wan Oh 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2015 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.16 No.3

Poria cocos is a well-known traditional Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) that grows around roots of pine trees in China, Korea, Japan, and North America. Poria cocos has been used in Asian countries to treat insomnia as either a single herb or part of an herbal formula. In a previous experiment, pachymic acid (PA), an active constituent of Poria cocos ethanol extract (PCE), increased pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate whether or not PCE and PA modulate sleep architectures in rats as well as whether or not their effects are mediated through GABAA-ergic transmission. PCE and PA were orally administered to individual rats 7 days after surgical implantation of a transmitter, and sleep architectures were recorded by Telemetric Cortical encephalogram (EEG) upon oral administration of test drugs. PCE and PA increased total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep as well as reduced numbers of sleep/wake cycles recorded by EEG. Furthermore, PCE increased intracellular chloride levels, GAD65/67 protein levels, and α-, β-, and γ-subunits of GABAA receptors in primary cultured hypothalamic neuronal cells. These data suggest that PCE modulates sleep architectures via activation of GABAA-ergic systems. Further, as PA is an active component of PCE, they may have the same pharmacological effects.

Poria cocos ethanol extract enhances pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors in mice agonist

Vikash Kumar Shah, 권영옥, 이미경, 오기완 충북대학교 약품자원개발연구소 2014 약학논문집 Vol.29 No.-

The treatment of insomnia requires evidence-based effective pharmacological treatments. The present study investigated whether Poria cocos ethanol extract (PCE) enhances pentobarbital- induced sleeping behaviors in mice. Our result showed that PCE inhibited locomotor activity in mice. PCE potentiated pentobarbital-induced sleep time, and shortend sleep latency at the hypnotic (40mg/kg) dose of pentobarbital. The extract also increased the number of sleeping mice and total sleeping time, showing synergistic effects, similar to muscimol (a GABAA agonist, 0.2 mg/kg) at the sub-hypnotic (28 mg/kg) dosage in mice. The findings provide experimental evidence for the potential use of PCE in insomnia treatment.

Poster Session : PS 0143 ; Neurology : Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials` Responses in Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism

( Vikash Gautam ),( Dilip Thakur ),( Bishnu Hari Paudel ),( Kopila Agrawal ),( Madhab Lamsal ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: To correlate brainstem auditory evoked potentials` (BAEPs) amplitude and latency within different thyroid status (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and euthyroidism). Methods: BAEP and Thyroid Function Tests (TFT) were assessed in consenting 75 subjects (hypothyroid=24, hyperthyroid=25, euthyroid= 26). The mean age in hypothyroid, hyperthyroid, and euthyroid group were 31.46±4.191; 31.52±4.134 and 27.12±2.732 respectively. The BAEP parameters viz, wave I-V latencies, interpeak latencies and amplitudes were recorded. One way ANOVA was used to compare BAEP parameters among three groups and Pearson`s correlation to fi nd relation between thyroid hormones (fT3, fT4, TSH) and BAEP parameters. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically signifi cant. Results: Wave I (1.78±0.21 vs. 1.64±0.22, vs. 1.56±0.15, p= 0.001), wave III (3.96±0.19 vs. 3.90±0.30 vs. 3.74±0.30, p= 0.001) and wave V (5.97±0.36 vs. 5.91±0.37 vs. 5.60±0.24; p= 0.001) latencies (ms) were signifi cantly more in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid than euthyroid. Wave interval latencies (ms) III-V (2.01±0.32 vs. 2.01±0.41 vs. 1.86±0.32, p= 0.044) and I-V (4.19±0.43 vs. 4.26±0.41 vs. 4.03±0.28, p= 0.007) were longer in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid than euthyroid. Also, the wave I-V amplitude (μV) was more in hypo-hyperthyroid than euthyroid (0.15±0.11 vs. 0.22±0.17 vs. 0.20±0.16, p= 0.052). TSH & Wave I-V amplitude (r= -0.193, p= 0.04); fT3 and wave I latency (r= -0.269, p=0.004) were negatively correlated. However, a positive correlation was between TSH & wave I latency (r= 0.285, p=0.002). Conclusion: Both hypo- and hyperthyroidism led to conduction delay in auditory neurons in adults, possibly adversely affecting function of myelin since, T3 and T4 are known to affect myelinization and synaptic transmission. The prominent auditory evoked potential abnormalities in hypothyroidism and less change in hyperthyroidism are consistent with a possibility that the auditory neuropathy is more common in thyroid defi ciency than its excess.

Poria cocos ethanol extract and its active constituent, pachymic acid, modulate sleep architectures via activation of GABAA-ergic transmission in rats

Vikash Kumar Shah,나삼식,정명수,우재훈,권영옥,이미경,오기완 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2015 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.16 No.3

Poria cocos is a well-known traditional Chinese traditional medicine (TCM) that grows around roots of pine trees in China, Korea, Japan, and North America. Poria cocos has been used in Asian countries to treat insomnia as either a single herb or part of an herbal formula. In a previous experiment, pachymic acid (PA), an active constituent of Poria cocos ethanol extract (PCE), increased pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate whether or not PCE and PA modulate sleep architectures in rats as well as whether or not their effects are mediated through GABAA-ergic transmission. PCE and PA were orally administered to individual rats 7 days after surgical implantation of a transmitter, and sleep architectures were recorded by Telemetric Cortical encephalogram (EEG) upon oral administration of test drugs. PCE and PA increased total sleep time and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep as well as reduced numbers of sleep/wake cycles recorded by EEG. Furthermore, PCE increased intracellular chloride levels, GAD65/67 protein levels, and α-, β-, and γ-subunits of GABAA receptors in primary cultured hypothalamic neuronal cells. These data suggest that PCE modulates sleep architectures via activation of GABAA-ergic systems. Further, as PA is an active component of PCE, they may have the same pharmacological effects.

Fabrication of zein and j-carrageenan colloidal particles for encapsulation of quercetin: In-vitro digestibility and bio-potential activities

Vikash Chandra Roy,Md. Abdur Razzak,Truc Cong Ho,Duraiarasan Surendhiran,박진석,Byung-Soo Chun 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.111 No.-

The present work aims to prepare and stabilize quercetin (Q) loaded zein colloidal nanoparticles using jcarrageenan(KC) as a stabilizer. Antisolvent precipitation method was used to fabricate the zein-KC colloidalnanoparticles at pH 5.0. The findings revealed that the newly prepared Q-loaded zein-KC complexcolloidal particles had spherical shapes, a particle size below 300.0 nm, a high magnitude of negativezeta potential (45.0 mV) and encapsulation efficiency of 62.0%. The molecular interactions amongzein, Q and KC in colloidal particles were confirmed by FT-IR analysis, and the combined mixture showedan amorphous diffraction pattern during the XRD analysis without revealing the crystalline peaks of Q orKC, indicating that Q was effectively encapsulated in complex colloidal particles. In aqueous environments,the anionic KC coating on the surface of zein colloidal particles modified the particulate andphysicochemical properties of the encapsulated Q and enhanced its water dispersibility, thermal stability,and in-vitro release. The observed improvements were ascribed to hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic andelectrostatic interactions among Q, zein, and KC. In addition, Q-loaded zein-KC complex colloidal particlesdemonstrated strong antioxidant activity. The results of this study revealed that, the KC coated zein colloidalparticles, therefore, have great potential for use in hydrophobic nutraceutical encapsulation.

Current and Future Molecular Mechanism in Inflammation and Arthritis

Vikash Sharma,Raj Kumar Tiwari,Shiv Shankar Shukla,Ravindra Kumar Pandey 대한약침학회 2020 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.23 No.2

Inflammation is an immune response of the human body but excessive inflammation is taken as a major factor in the development of many diseases including autoimmune disorders, cancer and nerve disorders etc. In this regards the need is to suppress the inflammatory response. Suppression of extra or imperfect inflammatory response is not a big deal provided there is an exact knowledge of particular target in the body. Recent advancements in Pharmacological aspect made the therapy with improved outcomes in number of patients. Anticytokine therapy might be one of the important and novel approaches for inflammation and Arthritis. This can be achieved only when we go through the pathophysiology of expression and identification of mediators. Let’s take an example of cytokine like interleukins (IL), chemokines, interferons (INF), tumor necrosis factors (TNF-α), growth factors, and colony stimulating factors) release pathway which is a major signalling protein in inflammatory response. In the present study we have reviewed the recent pharmacological therapeutic advancement, inflammatory mediators, receptors, and major signalling pathways. Such information will not only provide the idea about the mechanism of action of Pharmaceuticals and molecular targets but also it provides a new aspect for drug designing and new corrective approaches in existing clinical medicines. This study will be a source of good information for the researchers working in the area of drug designing and molecular Pharmacology especially in anti-inflammatory and anti arthritic medicines for target based therapy.

Pachymic Acid Enhances Pentobarbital-Induced Sleeping Behaviors via GABAA-ergic Systems in Mice

( Vikash Kumar Shah ),( Jae Joon Choi ),( Jin Yi Han ),( Mi Kyeong Lee ),( Jin Tae Hong ),( Ki Wan Oh ) 한국응용약물학회 2014 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.22 No.4

This study was investigated to know whether pachymic acid (PA), one of the predominant triterpenoids in Poria cocos (Hoelen) has the sedative-hypnotic effects, and underlying mechanisms are mediated via γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic systems. Oral administration of PA markedly suppressed locomotion activity in mice. This compound also prolonged sleeping time, and reduced sleep latency showing synergic effects with muscimol (0.2 mg/kg) in shortening sleep onset and enhancing sleep time induced by pentobarbital, both at the hypnotic (40 mg/kg) and sub-hypnotic (28 mg/kg) doses. Additionally, PA elevated intracellular chloride levels in hypothalamic primary cultured neuronal cells of rats. Moreover, Western blotting quantitative results showed that PA increased the amount of protein level expression of GAD65/67 over a broader range of doses. PA increased α- and β-subunits protein levels, but decreased γ-subunit protein levels in GABAA receptors. The present experiment provides evidence for the hypnotic effects as PA enhanced pentobarbital-induced sleeping behaviors via GABAA-ergic mechanisms in rodents. Taken together, it is proposed that PA may be useful for the treatment of sleep disturbed subjects with insomnia.

Numerical investigations of the cone-shaped vortex finders on the performance of cyclone separators

Vikash Kumar,Kailash Jha 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.11

Performance analysis of 0.29 m diameter cyclone separator was done for cone shaped vortex finders having different in-built tapered angles varying from 0.0°-10.0° in steps of 2.5° at different inlet velocities using Fluent 15.0. Increasing the angle from 0.0° to 10.0° at the lowest inlet velocity decreases the Stokes number (Stk 50 ), which represents the cut-size of a cyclone separator, by 22.1 % at an expense of significant increase in Euler number (Eu), representing the dimensionless pressure drop, by nearly 46.3 %, whereas at the highest inlet velocity of 25 m/s, the Stk 50 decreases by 26.1 % and the increase in Eu lowers to 34.3 %. Beyond a critical angle of orientation, 5.0°, a recirculation zone of increasing magnitude develops inside the vortex finder. The axial velocity, tangential velocity, and pressure drop across the cyclone have been validated against published literature; a grid independence test was also done successfully.

Extraction of Astaxanthin from Shrimp Waste using Supercritical CO₂ and Different Vegetable oils as a co-solvent

Vikash Chandra Roy,Weerathunga Arachchige Shiran,Truc Cong Ho,Byung-Soo Chun 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2020 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.7