행동변화 단계 모델(BCSM)을 적용한 위기협상 실패사례 분석

김태헌 ( Kim¸ Tae Hun ),최응렬 ( Choi¸ Eung Ryul ) 한국경찰학회 2021 한국경찰학회보 Vol.23 No.5

위기(Crisis)는 일반적으로 사전위기, 위기, 조정 및 협상, 해결의 4단계로 발생하며, 경찰은 위기단계 및 상황에 따라 전술적 방법과 협상에 의한 해결방법으로 대응한다. 위기협상은 1971년 미국의 뉴욕 아티카 교도소 폭동과 1972년 독일 뮌헨올림픽 테러사건을 계기로 필요성이 제기되었고, 1973년 미국 뉴욕경찰청(NYPD)에 의해 최초로 인질사건을 해결하기 위해 협상기법을 도입하였다. 이후 이해관심사에 기반한 Fisher & Ury(1981)의 협상 모델을 시작으로 많은 협상 모델이 개발되었다. 현대는 SNS 등 인터넷의 발달로 사람과 사람을 연결해 줌으로써 범죄양상이 집단화되고 이것이 범죄행동으로 이어짐으로써 사회문제로 대두되고 있으며, 무고한 사람에게까지 피해를 초래함으로써 사회 불안을 가중시키고 있다. 인질 및 자살, 정신질환자에 의한 범죄 등 위기사건이 갈수록 증가하고 있는 것이 대표적이다. 이 연구에서는 FBI의 위기협상팀에서 개발한 행동변화 단계 모델(BCSM)을 중심으로 협상기법을 분석했으며, 적절한 위기개입과 역할 연기(Role playing)를 통한 위기상황 대처능력 기법을 내재화함으로써 실제 사건에서 해결이 가능하도록 비교적 상세히 살펴보았다. 그리고 국내에서 발생한 3건의 위기사건에 대해 실패사례를 분석하고, 해결 과정에서 나타난 경찰대응의 문제점을 확인하고 해결방안을 제시하였다. 특히, BCSM 모델에서 핵심요소는 적극적 경청이며, 이것은 문제 해결의 시작이자 공감과 관계형성을 통해 영향력을 발휘함으로써 행동 변화를 일으키는 기폭제라는 사실을 확인했으므로 향후 위기사건에 적극 활용할 수 있을 것이다. Crisis generally occurs in four stages: pre-crisis, crisis, mediation and negotiation, resolution, and police department responds with a tactical method and a resolution method by negotiation depending on the crisis stage and situation. The necessity of crisis negotiation was raised by raising the New York Attika prison riot in 1971 and the Munich Olympic Games terrorist attacts in Germany in 1972. Starting with Fisher & Ury's negotiation model based on interests(1981), many negotiation models have been developed so far. In modern society, due to the development of IT such as SNS, the criminal pattern could be grouped by connecting people to each other, and it could leads to criminal behavior which is emerging as a social problem. And these may aggravates social unrest by causing damages to innocent people. Above issues can be confirmed by typical examples of the increasing number of crisis events such as hostage, suicide and crime by mentally ill. This study has reviewed and analyzed the negotiation technique based on the BCSM model which was developed by negotiation team of FBI. By internalizing the crisis situation coping ability technique through appropriate crisis intervention and role playing, it was examined in relatively detail so that it could be applied in an actual case. In addition, failure cases were analyzed for three crisis events that occurred in Korea, and problems in the police response that appeared in the solution process were identified and solutions were presented. In this paper, it has been confirmed that the key element in the BCSM model is active listening, which is a starting point of problem solving and a catalyst for behavior change by exerting in influence through empathy and rapport building, which can be actively applied for future crisis events.

The Effect of Barefoot Rhythm Training on the Body Composition and Abdominal Circumference of Elementary School Students in Health CRISIS

Taehun Kim J-INSTITUTE 2020 International Journal of Crisis & Safety Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: The study was conducted on 30 6th grade(13 years old) students from S elementary school in D met-ropolitan city in Korea to verify the effects of ‘barefoot rhythm training’, which combines barefoot and rhythmic exercises, on the body composition and abdominal circumference of obese male elementary school students who have a body mass index of 26kg/m² or higher by performing rhythm training after equally dividing them into barefoot and shoe-wearing groups. Method: Exercise treatment composed of 5 minutes of warm-up and cool-down exercises and 20 minutes of main exercise was given 4 times a week with targeted RPE of 9-10 for 1-4 weeks, 11-12 for 5-8 weeks, and 13-14 for 9-12 weeks. A corresponding sample t-test was performed to compare the changes before and after 12 weeks of exercise treatment. Results: As a result of the study, it was found that the body mass index, body fat mass, and body fat percent-age of the variables of body composition were found to be decreased more in the barefoot group compared to the shoe-wearing group, while the skeletal muscle mass and lean mass were increased more in the barefoot group compared to the shoe-wearing group. Similarly, the abdominal circumference of barefoot group showed a greater reduction compared to the shoe-wearing group. Conclusion: In conclusion, since barefoot rhythm training has a higher exercise efficiency compared to the shoe-wearing rhythm training done in the same intensity and pattern, it has a greater positive effect on the body composition and abdominal circumference, which affect the obesity and metabolic diseases of elementary school students in health crisis.

Development of Anthropomorphic Robot Hand SKK Robot Hand I

Taehun Kang,Hyoukryeol Choi,Moonsang Kim 대한기계학회 2003 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.17 No.2

In this paper, a three-fingered anthropomorphic robot hand, called SKK Robot Hand I, is presented. By employing a two-DOF joint mechanism, called Double Active Universal Joint (abbreviated as DAUJ from now on) as its metacarpal joint, the hand makes it possible to mimic humanlike motions. We begin with addressing the motivation of the design and mention how the anthropomorphic feature of a human is realized in the design of SKK Hand I. Also,the mechanism of the hand is explained in detai, and advantages in its modular design are discussed. The proposed hand is developed for use as a testbed for dextrous manipulation. It is expected to resolve the increasing demand for robotic applications in unstructured edvironments. We describe its hardware construction as well as the controller structure including the preliminary results of experiments.<br/>

Development of HILS Systems for Active Brake Control Systems

Taehun Hwang,Jihoon Roh,Kihong Park,Jeongho Hwang,Kyu Hoon Lee,Kangwon Lee,Soo-Jin Lee,Young-Jun Kim 제어로봇시스템학회 2006 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.10

The Comparison of MUSCLE POWER Related Main Techniques and Exercise Ability according to the Athletic Capacity of Male Middle School Handball Player

Taehun Kim,Kijin Kim J-INSTITUTE 2020 Kinesiology Vol.5 No.2

Purpose: The present research aimed to analyze the breech between various groups under differing conditions by estimating and comparing the use of main techniques and exercise ability related to muscle power, which has influences on the athletic capacity of major and minor male middle school athletes for handball games. It also aims to offer rudimentary data for the fostering of muscle power of such athletes in the future, and enhance their capacity midst games. Method: The subject of the research consisted of 8 major handball athletes and 8 minor handball athletes of N middle school in G district. The position of players in the 49th National Gymnastics Competition for Boys which took place in 2019 served the criteria with which major and minor athletes were divided: the main players midst the winning of the finals were classified as major, and the substitute players were classified as minor. For the estimation of muscle power, tests in hurling, jumping, short distance running and muscle endurance were con-ducted. The data processing was analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 statistics program, and the average and standard deviation were calculated per section. In order to find the difference between major and minor athletes, inde-pendent t-tests were conducted and all statistical significance level was set at p<.05. Results: Among 7 categories of muscle power estimation related to major techniques which determine the winning or losing of handball games, the major players’ records displayed a meaningful superiority in vertical jumping, standing long jumps, 30 meter sprints and 30 seconds push ups. Also, in other categories of muscle power estimation, the major athletes showed capacities exceptionally superior to that of minor athletes, alt-hough not amounting to a meaningful difference. Conclusion: Conclusively, we can analyze that regarding the muscle power which has major influences on the handball playing ability of male middle school students, the ability to jump, sprint short-distance, and foster upper body muscle endurance are important since they contribute to major and specialized movements related to scoring.

Ergonomic Design of the Gauge Cluster Display for Commercial Trucks

Taehun Kim,Jaekyu Park,Jaeho Choe,Eui S. Jung 대한인간공학회 2015 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.34 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the priority of information presentation and the effective menu type to be placed in the center of a gauge cluster display for commercial trucks and to present a set of ergonomic designs for the gauge cluster display. Background: An effective ergonomic design is specifically needed for the development of the gauge cluster display for the commercial trucks, because more diverse and heavier information is delivered to truck drivers, compared to the information to passenger car drivers. Method: First, all the information that must be shown on the commercial truck display was collected. Then, the severity, frequency of use, and display design parameters were evaluated for those information by commercial truck drivers. Next, an analysis on the information attributes and the heuristic evaluation utilizing the display design principles were carried out. According to the results, a design alternative of the main screen to be displayed was constructed by priority. A comparative analysis between the alternative and existing main screens was also conducted to see the efficacy of the designs. Lastly, we conducted an experiment for the selection of menu type. The experiment was conducted using the driving simulator with an eye-tracking device. The independent variables were four types of the menu reflecting the commercial truck characteristics such as grid type, icon type, list type, and flow type. We measured preference, total execution time, the total duration of fixation on the gauge cluster area, and the total number of fixation on the gauge cluster area as dependent variables. Results: Four types of driver convenience information and six types of driver assistance information were selected as the information to be placed primarily on the main screen of the gauge cluster. The Grid type was the most effective among the menu types. Conclusion: In this study, the information that appears on the main screen of the display, the division of the display and the design of the menu type for commercial truck drivers were suggested. Application: This study is expected to be utilized as guidelines on the ergonomic design of a gauge cluster display for commercial trucks.

Development of Integrated Chassis Control Algorithms to Improve Vehicle Dynamics

Taehun Hwang(황태훈),Kihong Park(박기홍),Seung-Jin Heo(허승진),Ji Yoel Joeng(정지열),Sangho Lee(이상호),Unkoo Lee(이언구),Kyu Hoon Lee(이규훈),Seung Guan Kee(기승관),Kangwon Lee(이강원) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Most electronic chassis control systems so far have been designed for optimization of its own performance. This, sometimes, has resulted in performance degradation when two or more control modules were operating together. Recently. great R&D effort is being given to judicious integration of individual chassis control systems in an effort to further enhance the overall vehicle performance. In this paper, two integrated control logics - one that integrates the brake and suspension control systems and the other that integrates the brake and steering control systems - have been developed. The main control target of both logics is vehicle dynamics control under critical situations. The two logics were tested under various driving conditions in a reliable simulation environment and their synergetic effects were investigated. The results indicate that the proposed logics can yield better vehicle performance than the cases when the individual chassis control modules work without any integration scheme.

Concurrent Multipath Transfer using SCTP Multihoming over Heterogeneous Network Paths

Taehun Kim,Jongwook Lee,Young Ik Eom 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

The number of multi-homed hosts with multiple network interfaces has been increasing due to cheaper network interface devices and network diversification. Concurrent Multipath Transfer (CMT) using SCTP multihoming is a mechanism that simultaneously transmits data via multiple end-to-end paths compatible with today’s network environment. Present studies on CMT have assumed that each path uses a homogeneous network. In this work, CMT performance was examined when each path of a multi-homed host used a heterogeneous network. The performance of CMT was found to decline due to the different bandwidths of the paths. Existing receive buffer blocking was demonstrated through the use of modeling with a time-line diagram. To prevent degradation in CMT performance, a dynamic CMT enable algorithm was proposed to transmit data through only one path when CMT performance is low.

Transmission Strategies for Multi-User Wireless Information and Power Transfer

Taehun Jung,Taehoon Kwon,Chan-Byoung Chae 대한전자공학회 2015 ITC-CSCC :International Technical Conference on Ci Vol.2015 No.6

Unified Strategy for Quadruped Walking Robot in Unstructured Environment

Taehun Kang,Taeyoung Son,Hyungseok Kim,Hyoukryeol Choi 제어로봇시스템학회 2003 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.10