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Determination of Optimal Hourly Water Intake Amount for H Arisu Purification
Lee, Chulsoo,Lee, Kangwon 한국수자원학회 2015 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.48 No.12
본 논문은 선형계획모형을 이용하여 H 아리수 정수 센터의 최적 취수량 결정 방법을 연구 하였다. 현재 H 아리수 센터에서는 관리자의 경험과 숙련도에 의지하여 취수량을 결정하고 있다. 그런데 매시 변하는 수요를 만족 시키면서 시간대 별로 요금이 서로 다른 전력의 사용을 최소화 하는 취수량 결정은 근무자들의 경험과 숙련도를 넘어서는 간단한 문제가 아니다. 따라서 수리적 기법 중 하나인 선형계획모형을 이용해 취수량을 결정하고, 비용 절감을 시도하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 선형계획 모형은 수요예측치를 기본 입력자료로 사용하고 있는데 예측오차가 발생할 경우 정수지 높이 제한을 위반하는 경우가 발생한다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는 정확한 수요예측이 선행되어야 한다. 그러나 아무리 좋은 예측 기법을 사용하더라도 실수요와 오차는 있게 마련이고 이는 여전히 높이 제한의 제약을 만족 시키지 못하는 결과를 불러일으킨다. 따라서 예측오차를 수용 할 수 있는 안전 마진 상수를 이용한 대안을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 선형 계획 모형을 통한 취수량 결정은 수위 모니터링을 위해 항시 작업자가 근무 할 필요가 없기 때문에 인건비 면에서도 많은 절약이 예측되어 총 비용 감축은 훨씬 더 많으리라 기대된다. Currently, the H purification plant determines the hourly water intake amount based on operator experience and skill. Therefore, inevitably, there are deviations among operators. While meeting timevarying demand and maintaining the proper water level in the clean water reservoir, the methodology for minimizing electricity cost, when dealing with different electricity rate time zones, is a very complicated problem, which is beyond an operator’s capability. To solve this problem, a linear programming (LP) model is proposed, which can determine the optimal hourly water intake amount for minimizing the daily electricity cost. It is shown that an inaccurate estimate for the hourly water usage in the demand areas causes the water level constraint to be violated, which is the weak point of the proposed LP method. However, several examples with real-field data show that we can practically and safely solve this problem with safety margins. It is also shown that the safety margin method still works effectively whether the estimate is accurate or not. The operators need not attend the site at all times under the proposed LP method, and we can additionally expect reductions in labor costs.
탄소나노튜브 필름을 이용한 투명 압저항체의 제작 및 특성 연구
이강원(Kangwon Lee),이정아(Jung A Lee),이광철(Kwang-Cheol Lee),이승섭(Seung Seob Lee) 대한기계학회 2010 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.34 No.12
본 논문에서는 탄소나노튜브 필름을 이용한 투명 압저항체의 제작 및 특성 연구를 수행하였다. 진공필터 방식으로 제작된 다양한 투과도를 가지는 탄소나노튜브 필름은 금층이 증착된 실리콘 기판위에서 사진식각 공정을 통해 패터닝이 된 후, 금층과 실리콘 기판의 약한 접착력으로 인해 실리콘 러버인 poly-dimethysiloxane (PDMS) 로 전사된다. 탄소나노튜브 필름의 압저항 특성을 분석하기 위해, 얇은 PDMS 멤브레인의 처짐에 대한 탄소나노튜브 필름의 저항 변화를 측정하여 10?20 의 개이지 팩터를 얻었으며, 인가 압력에 대한 저항 변화 실험을 수행하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 탄소나노튜브 필름은 폴리머 멤스의 다양한 응용분야에 투명한 압저항체로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단한다. We present the fabrication and characterization of transparent carbon nanotube film (CNF) piezoresistors. CNFs were fabricated by vacuum filtration methods with 65?92% transmittance and patterned on Au-deposited silicon wafer by photolithography and dry etching. The patterned CNFs were transferred onto poly-dimethysiloxane (PDMS) using the weak adhesion property between the silicon wafer and the Au layer. The transferred CNFs were confirmed to be piezoresistors using the equation of concentrated-force-derived resistance change. The gauge factor of the CNFs was measured to range from 10 to 20 as the resistance of the CNFs increased with applied pressure. In polymer microelectromechanical systems, CNF piezoresistors are the promising materials because of their high sensitivity and low-temperature process.
한국산업기술대학교에서의 국제 무인 태양광 자동차 경주대회를 위한 차량 제작
이상민(Sangmin Lee),이건준(Gunjun Lee),양병창(Byungchang Yang),채윤병(Yoonbyung Chae),하태균(Taekyun Ha),이호연(Hoyeon Lee),고광훈(Kwanghoon Ko),차애리(Aeri Cha),이강원(Kangwon Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2012 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2012 No.11
최근의 자율 주행 기능의 발전에 발맞추어 지식경제부 후원으로 무인태양광 자동차 경주대회가 2012 년 10 월 개최되어 모두 10 개 대학팀과 한 개 산업체 팀이 참여하였다. 이 논문에서는 한국산업기술대학교 출전 차량에 대해 설명하고자 한다.
( Lee Kangwon ) 서울대학교 사회과학대학 인류학과 2021 Korean Anthropology Review Vol.5 No.-
This article highlights the “life surrounded by devices” generated through association between humans and devices, by analyzing the process through which the Japanese Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) System was established. Focusing on the catfish logo designs on EEW posters and devices, I explain how the propositional feeling, affect, information, and emotion are organically connected. I seek to emphasize the fact that living (survival, livelihood, life, and ecology) is comprised of the connection of devices, and as such, I propose that “technological ritual” and “experimental rite” are two concepts that explain “how to live surrounded by devices.” The first proposition of this article is “catfish know before the quake comes.” The Japanese EEW service was launched in 2007, emphasizing an alternative approach to mitigation of earthquake disasters by means of a “warning” system that “knows before the quake comes.” Entities in the network are mediated through devices that act as digital catfish and constitute a unity that is co-affected by a feeling of possibility. The second proposition is “catfish restore world order.” The process by which the world order is restored is through differences borne out of the continued repetitions of certain rituals. I have named this process “technological ritual.” Each time an earthquake occurs, an EEW is issued. The EEW may be transferred from one place to another through the formalization of different entities’ actions. The experiments in technological rituals mediated by digital catfish go beyond mere demonstration, as they seek to test out a new world.
Improvement of the Reaction Force Generation on UCC HIL System
Kangwon Lee,Seungkyu Oh,Jinhee Jang,Hyungsoo Kim,Youngwoo Kim,Jinhuyn Ahn,Myungchul Jung,Jihoon Roh 한국자동차공학회 2008 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Most electronic chassis control systems so far have been designed for optimization of its own performance. These are for the improvement of the vehicle dynamics performance including stability and ride comport. The Previous work, we developed an Unified Chassis Control HIL (Hardware-In-the-Loop Simulation) system including Electric Power Steering (EPS), Electronic Stability Control (ESC) and Continuous Damping Control (CDC) system. From the previous results, we could know that EPS system has a small control bandwidth for the lateral vehicle dynamics performance. And we recognize that the Steering Reaction Force is very important the driver to get information about the contact condition between the tires and road by human's sense. Therefore, this feeling should be generated by reaction force generating system of a UCC HIL. Reaction Force is generally simulated as rotation torque applied to the steering wheel. but in this study, the actual steering system is installed onto the HIL simulator, so the aim was to achieve the torque loaded on the tie rod (Rack Force). In this study, the VehSim vehicle model with the 27-degree of freedom is applied. VehSim vehicle model is build up by the real vehicle and tire data measurement and test. This Paper proposes the control strategy and the method of steering reaction force calculation and describes reaction force generating system of our UCC HIL.