Molecular screening of the TSH receptor (<i>TSHR</i>) and thyroid peroxidase (<i>TPO</i>) genes in Korean patients with nonsyndromic congenital hypothyroidism

Lee, Seung‐,Tae,Lee, Dong Hwan,Kim, Ji‐,Youn,Kwon, Min‐,Jung,Kim, Jong‐,Won,Hong, Yong‐,Hee,Lee, Yong‐,Wha,Ki, Chang‐,Seok Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Clinical endocrinology Vol.75 No.5

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Objective </B> To investigate thyroid‐stimulating hormone receptor (<I>TSHR</I>) and thyroid peroxidase (<I>TPO</I>) mutations in Korean patients with primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH).</P><P><B>Context </B> Congenital hypothyroidism is a common genetic disorder in which the majority of mutations occur in the <I>TSHR</I> and <I>TPO</I> genes.</P><P><B>Design </B> We examined the frequencies of <I>TSHR</I> and <I>TPO</I> mutations among Korean patients with primary CH. Furthermore, we explored the relationships between imaging findings and mutation status.</P><P><B>Patients </B> A total of 193 paediatric patients with nonsyndromic CH were enrolled in the present study.</P><P><B>Measurements </B> Patients with decreased <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc uptake were screened for <I>TSHR</I> mutations using Sanger sequencing, and those with increased uptake were screened for <I>TPO</I> mutations. The relationships between scintigraphic and ultrasonographic findings and mutation status were analysed.</P><P><B>Results </B> Thirteen (16·5%) of 79 patients with decreased <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc uptake were found to harbour <I>TSHR</I> mutations including G132R, G245S, R450H, R519C and F525S. The R450H mutation was present in 13 (72·2%) of 18 disease alleles. Seven (10·3%) of 68 patients with increased <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc uptake harboured <I>TPO</I> mutations including R189Q, K439E, G493S, C808LfsX72, A863T, R875Hfs and P883S. The <I>TSHR</I> and <I>TPO</I> mutations were observed only in patients with normal to slightly enlarged thyroid glands.</P><P><B>Conclusions </B> This study identified underlying <I>TSHR</I> and <I>TPO</I> mutations in Korean patients with CH and revealed a possible relationship between imaging findings and mutation status. In addition, the low rate of mutation positivity suggests significant genetic heterogeneity of CH in the Korean population.</P>

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of (Sr,M)₂Si(O_1−xN_x)₄:Eu²⁺(M: Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ba²⁺)

Lee, Seung,Hong, Seong-Hyeon,Kim, Young Jin The Electrochemical Society 2012 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.159 No.5

Identifying metabolically obese but normal‐weight (MONW) individuals in a nondiabetic Korean population: the Chungju Metabolic disease Cohort (CMC) study

Lee, Seung‐,Hwan,Ha, Hee‐,Sung,Park, Young‐,Jun,Lee, Jin‐,Hee,Yim, Hyeon‐,Woo,Yoon, Kun‐,Ho,Kang, Moo‐,Il,Lee, Won‐,Chul,Son, Ho‐,Young,Park, Yong Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Clinical endocrinology Vol.75 No.4

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Objective </B> To investigate the prevalence and identify the phenotype of individuals suspected to be metabolically obese but normal weight (MONW).</P><P><B>Design and subjects </B> Eight thousand nine hundred and eighty‐seven nondiabetic subjects aged over 40 years were selected from the Chungju Metabolic disease Cohort study performed in 2003–2006 in Korea. Those within the highest quartile in the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) with a normal body mass index (BMI) between 18·5 and 23 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP> were classified as MONW.</P><P><B>Measurements </B> Data on anthropometry, lipid profiles and HOMA‐IR values were analysed.</P><P><B>Results </B> The prevalence of MONW was 14·2% for men and 12·9% for women amongst normal‐weight subjects. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that total cholesterol (TC) levels over 5·17 m<SMALL>m</SMALL> (odds ratio, OR = 1·481; 95% confidence intervals, CI 1·086–2·021), triglyceride (TG) levels over 1·69 m<SMALL>m</SMALL> (OR = 1·507; 95% CI 1·093–2·077) and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol levels lower than 1·03 m<SMALL>m</SMALL> (OR = 1·580; 95% CI 1·053–2·371) independently had higher odds of diagnosing MONW amongst men. For women, a BMI over 21·5 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP> (OR = 1·405; 95% CI 1·034–1·909), TC levels over 5·17 m<SMALL>m</SMALL> (OR = 1·524; 95% CI 1·112–2·090) and TG levels over 1·69 m<SMALL>m</SMALL> (OR = 1·799; 95% CI 1·302–2·487) were independently associated with a diagnosis of MONW.</P><P><B>Conclusions </B> More than 10% of normal‐weight subjects were classed as MONW in this cohort. Identification of these subjects based on lipid profiles could aid in the early detection of a high risk group of developing cardiometabolic diseases.</P>

mTOR is required for asymmetric division through small GTPases in mouse oocytes

Lee, Seung‐,Eun,Sun, Shao‐,Chen,Choi, Hyun‐,Yong,Uhm, Sang‐,Jun,Kim, Nam‐,Hyung Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2012 Molecular reproduction and development Vol.79 No.5

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is central to the control of cell proliferation, growth, and survival in mammalian cells. Prolonged treatment with rapamycin inhibits mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2) activity, and both the mTORC1‐mediated S6K1 and 4E‐BP1/eIF4E pathways are essential for TORC2‐mediated RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1 expression during cell motility and F‐actin reorganization. The functions of mTOR in the mouse oocyte remain unclear, however. The present study shows that rapamycin affects mTOR expression and cytoskeleton reorganization during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. mTOR mRNA was expressed in germinal vesicles (GV) until metaphase I (MI), and increased during metaphase II (MII). Immunostaining showed that mTOR localized around the spindle and in the cytoplasm of oocytes. Treatment of oocytes with rapamycin decreased mTOR at the RNA and protein level, and altered asymmetric division. Formation of the actin cap and the cortical granule‐free domain were also disrupted after rapamycin treatment, indicating the failure of spindle migration. Injection of an anti‐mTOR antibody yielded results consistent with those obtained for rapamycin treatment, further confirming the involvement of mTOR in oocyte polarity. Furthermore, rapamycin treatment reduced the mRNA expression of small GTPases (RhoA, Cdc42, and Rac1), which are crucial regulatory factors for cytoskeleton reorganization. Taken together, these results suggest that rapamycin inhibits spindle migration and asymmetric division during mouse oocyte maturation via mTOR‐mediated small GTPase signaling pathways. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 79: 356–366, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

Poststroke restless legs syndrome and lesion location: Anatomical considerations

Lee, Seung‐,Jae,Kim, Joong‐,Seok,Song, In‐,Uk,An, Jae‐,Young,Kim, Yeong‐,In,Lee, Kwang‐,Soo Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Movement disorders Vol.24 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Several case studies have reported on restless legs syndrome (RLS) associated with stroke. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and the lesion topography of poststroke RLS. There were 137 patients with ischemic stroke included in this study. The diagnosis of RLS was made 1 month after the index stroke using the criteria established by the International RLS Study Group. All patients enrolled underwent magnetic resonance imaging within 7 days of the onset of the stroke. The prevalence of stroke‐related RLS was calculated, and the topography of the associated ischemic lesions was analyzed. Among 137 patients, 17 patients (12.4%) were diagnosed with RLS after a stroke. Stroke‐related RLS was found in 10 out of 33 patients with a basal ganglia/corona radiata infarct (30.3%), 1 out of 8 patients with an internal capsular infarct (12.5%), and 1 out of 7 patients with a thalamic infarct (14.3%). In addition, one out of 54 with a cortical lesion with/without subcortical involvement (1.9%), and 4 out of 18 patients with a pontine lesion (22.2%) had RLS. The analysis of the lesions in the cortical and subcortical group showed only 1 patient in the cortical group had stroke‐related RLS, whereas 16 in the subcortical group had stroke‐related RLS. The results of this study suggest that lesions of the subcortical brain areas such as the pyramidal tract and the basal ganglia‐brainstem axis, which are involved in motor functions and sleep‐wake cycles, may lead to RLS symptoms in patients after an ischemic stroke. © 2008 Movement Disorder Society</P>

Typology of Internet gaming disorder and its clinical implications

Lee, Seung‐,Yup,Lee, Hae Kook,Choo, Hyekyung FOLIA PUBLISHING SOCIETY 2017 PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES Vol.71 No.7

<P>Various perspectives exist regarding Internet gaming disorder. While the concept of behavioral addiction is gaining recognition, some view the phenomenon as merely excessive indulgence in online pastimes. Still, in recent years, complaints from patients or their family members about problems related to Internet use, particularly Internet gaming, have become more common. However, the clinical picture of Internet gaming disorder could be obscured by its heterogeneous manifestations with other intertwined factors, such as psychiatric comorbidities, neurodevelopmental factors, sociocultural factors, and game-related factors, which may influence the pathogenesis as well as the clinical course. To mitigate such problems, clinicians should be able to consider diverse aspects related to Internet gaming disorder. Classifying such a heterogeneous problem into subtypes that share a similar etiology or phenomenology may provide additional clues in the diagnostic process and allow us to designate available clinical resources for particularly vulnerable factors. In this review paper, we suggest a typology of 'impulsive/aggressive,' 'emotionally vulnerable,' 'socially conditioned,' and 'not otherwise specified' as subtypes of the heterogeneous phenomena of pathological Internet gaming. The implications of these subtypes for assessment and treatment planning will also be highlighted.</P>

Line‐time optimization technology for ultra‐large and high‐resolution liquid crystal displays

Lee, Seung‐,Hyuck,Jeon, Dong‐,Hwan,Kim, Jong‐,Man,Kim, Minkoo,Yu, Byung‐,Chang,Lee, Seung‐,Woo John Wiley Sons Ltd 2017 JOURNAL- SOCIETY FOR INFORMATION DISPLAY Vol.25 No.6

여가, 레크리에이션 : 공동 운동 시설 이용이 신체구성에 미치는 영향

이승주(LeeSeung-Joo) 한국체육학회 2001 한국체육학회지 Vol.40 No.4

서울 시내 스포츠센터에서 16주 동안 자발적으로 운동을 지속한 성인남녀 52명을 대상으로 공동 운동 시설 이용이 체성분 구성의 변화에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 3회에 걸쳐 생체 전기 저항법에 의한 체중, 근육량, 체지방량, 체지방율, 복부지방율, WHR의 변화를 분석하였다.체중은 여성의 경우 1·2차, 1·3차 측정결과에서 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 나타냈다(P<0.01). 그러나 남성의 경우는 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 근육량의 경우 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았으나 남성과 여성 모두 1·2차 측정 결과에서는 증가하였고, 1·3차 및 2·3차 측정결과에서는 감소하였다.체지방량은 남성의 경우 1·3차 측정결과에서 유의한 차를 나타냈으며(P<0.01) 여성의 경우 1·2차, 1·3차 측정결과에서 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 나타냈다(P<0.01). 체지방률은 남성과 여성 모두 1·2차, 1·3차 측정 결과에서 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 나타냈으며(P<0.01), 2·3차 측정결과에서는 남성과 여성 모두가 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다.복부비만률은 남성과 여성 모두 전체적으로 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있으나, 여성의 1·2차 측정결과에서 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 나타냈고(P<0.01), 남성의 경우는 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. WHR은 남성의 경우 1·2차 측정결과에서 유의한 차가 나타났으며(P<0.01), 여성의 경우 1·2차, 1·3차 측정결과에서 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 나타냈다(P<0.01).일반인의 경우 16주 동안의 자율적인 운동만으로도 체성분 변화의 측면에서 긍정적인 방향으로 발전시킬 수 있다는 결과를 발견하였다. 운동 기간 초기에 후기보다 체성분이 보다 긍정적으로 변화를 가져온 이유로는 특별한 신체적 활동경험이 없었던 대상자들이 운동을 시작하면서 체성분의 유의한 변화를 가져왔다고 사료된다. 또한 8주간의 운동으로 변한 신체 구성 상태가 16주까지도 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. To study the effect of joining in public exercise facilities on body composition, body weight, muscle mass, fat weight, %body fat and %abdominal fat, WHR of 52 adults who want to exercise at least 8 weeks were measured three times by electrical impedance method.The 2nd and the 3rd measurements of body weight in female were reduced significantly, but not in male. Muscle mass change was not statistically significant, but the 2nd measurement was increased, and the 3rd measurement was reduced compared to the 1st and the 2nd measurements in both male and female.Fat mass in male was significantly reduced at the 3rd measurement compared to the 1st. In case of female the 2nd and the 3rd measurements were statistically significantly reduced.Body fat percentage was statistically reduced at the 2nd and the 3rd in both male and female, but no difference between the 2nd and the 3rd.Abdominal fat percentage tend to decrease in both male and female. The 2nd measurement of female was significantly different from the 1st measurement, but there was no change in male. The 2nd measurement of WHR in male was significantly changed, and in female the 2nd and the 3rd were reduced significantly.In conclusion, body composition of an average person can be changed positively through 16 weeks of voluntary training in public exercise facilities. The change in body composition was more significant for the first 8 weeks of training than for the second 8 weeks. The reason for this was assumed that most subjects were not participating in any specific type of exercise training, and the first 8 weeks of training might have on a significant effect on body composition.The change through the first 8 weeks of training effect was sustained after 16 weeks, which means that the voluntary training in public exercise facilities can change body composition positively.

La-doped p-type ZnO nanowire with enhanced piezoelectric performance for flexible nanogenerators

Kang, Leeseung,An, HyeLan,Park, Ji Young,Hong, Myung Hwan,Nahm, Sahn,Lee, Chan Gi Elsevier 2019 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.475 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In recent years, energy harvesting has attracted considerable attention as a promising method to convert waste energy to useful energy. In particular, piezoelectric energy harvesters are of significant interest, because they have a simple structure and can be used to harvest energy regardless of weather or other environmental conditions. In accordance with the miniaturization trend of electronic devices driven by low power, piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) using various nanostructured materials are being developed. Among them, ZnO nanowires (NWs) are most widely used for the use of PENGs. However, while research on n-type ZnO NWs is extensive, studies on p-type ZnO NWs are insufficient owing to their poor stability. In this study, La-doped p-type ZnO (La:ZnO) NWs were synthesized by a hydrothermal method to expand the applications of p-type ZnO and determine their potential as PENGs. XRD analysis showed that La<SUP>3+</SUP> ions was well doped without the formation of any secondary phases and caused a change in the lattice parameter when compared to that of undoped ZnO. XPS analysis was performed to investigate the surface elemental compositions of La:ZnO NWs, and the morphology of La:ZnO NWs was investigated using SEM and TEM. We further studied the piezoelectric output performance of undoped and La-doped ZnO NWs, and found that La:ZnO NWs showed improved piezoelectric output performance as a result of electron screening effect of the p-type semiconductor.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> La-doped p-type ZnO (La:ZnO) NWs were synthesized by a hydrothermal method. </LI> <LI> Their physical and chemical properties are systemically investigated. </LI> <LI> La-doping can improve piezoelectric performance by electron screening effect. </LI> <LI> La:ZnO nanogenerators are good candidates for power sources in electronic devices. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

체육측정평가 : 태권도 발차기 근운동감각기능검사의 난이도 추정

이승국(LeeSeung-Kuk),박봉권(ParkBong-Kwon),고기환(KoKi-Hwan) 한국체육학회 2000 한국체육학회지 Vol.39 No.4

이 연구는 태권도 선수들의 발차기 근운동감각기능검사 방법을 모색하기 위하여 남자 태권도 선수 180명(중학교 60명, 고등학교 60명, 대학교 60명)을 대상으로 다섯 가지 발차기검사(빠른발 앞돌려차기, 뒤발 돌려차기, 뒤차기, 뒤후려차기, 돌개차기)를 시행하였다. 그리고 그 자료를 문항반응이론 Rasch 1-모수 모형을 적용하여 난이도를 분석한 결과 빠른발 앞돌려차기의 난이되(평균)는 -.526(중), -.206(고), -.664(대), 뒤발 돌려차기의 난이도(평균)는 -.791(중)-.658(고), -.881(대), 뒤차기의 난이도(평균)는 .059(중), .749(고), -.170(대), 뒤후려차기의 난이도(평균)는 167(중), .087(고), -.199(대), 돌개차기 -.149(중), .195(고), .003(대)으로 나타났다. 따라서 중·고·대학생 모두 빠른 발 앞돌려차기와 뒤발 돌려차기의 검사항목이 비교적 쉬운편이고, 뒤차기, 뒤후려차기, 돌개차기의 검사항목이 비 교적 어려운 검사항목으로 해석된다.또한, 중·고·대학별 각 검사항목의 검사정보는 빠른발 앞돌려차기와 뒤발 돌려차기의 항목에서 모두 능력수준 -1.0에 위치함으로써 34.13%ile의 능력수준 학생을 변별하는데 효율적인 것으로 나타나고 있다. 따라서 이들의 항목은 중·고·대학 태권도 선수들의 발차기 근운동감각기능검사를 실시하는데 비교적 쉬운편이다. 그러나 뒤차기, 뒤 후려차기, 돌개차기의 항목은 중·고·대학생 모두 능력수준 .0에 위치함으로써 50%ile의 능력수준 학생을 변별하는데 효율적인 것으로 나타나고 있다. 그러므로 이들의 검사항목은 태권도 선수들의 발차기 근운동감각기능을 검사하는데 바람직한 것으로 해석된다.이상에서 밝힌 바와 같이 태권도 선수들 개개인의 능력을 평가한다거나, 상하위 집단을 분류하기 위해 변별하려고 할 때 이들의 검사항목(뒤차기, 뒤후려차기, 돌개차기)을 태권도 발차기 근운동감각기능검사 항목으로 활용해도 좋을 것이다. This research has been analyzed the Kinesthetic ability level of five Taekwondo kicks, in accordance with the Item Response Theory 1-Parameter Model, the Fitness level, the Difficulty level, and lest Information.Form this work, some fruiful thesis finding have been drawn: they are1) In the Kinesthetic ability level test, the average points of the difficulty level in the five kicks are indicated in 526(J), 206(S), and .664(U) for the fast front kick, and .791(J), .658(5), and .881(U) for the round kick, .059(J), .749(S), .170(U) for the back kick, .167Q), .087(S), .199(U) for the back spinning kick, and .149(J), .195(S), .003(U) for the turning round kick. It is known that the difficulty level of the test front and back round kick is relatively low, in comparison with that of the back kick and the back spinning kick, and the turning round kick which is shown higher than the first two;2) for the fast front and the back round kick, the Test Information has been satisfactorily employed to make the distinctionof the student with 34.13 percentile Kinesthetic level at -1.0 of the ablity level. And these two kicking categories are recommended to determine the Kinesthetic ability level of the Taekwondo students. By contrast, such categories as the back, the back spinning, and the turnning round kick are also effective in finding the students with 50 percentile Kinesthetic level at .0 of the ability level; and3) The test Information (the back, the back spinning and the turning round kick) would possibly introduced to classify the high/low point student group and to evaluate the individual's Kinesthetic ability level of Taekwondo.