세치제 평가에 있어서 변형실험치은염모형의 안전성

황수정 ( Soo Jeong Hwang ),백대일 ( Dai Il Paik ),김현덕 ( Hyun Duck Kim ),진보형 ( Bo Hyoung Jin ),배광학 ( Kwang Hak Bae ),김남희 ( Nam Hee Kim ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2010 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.34 No.2

연구목적. 일부 연구자들은 치은염 예방 또는 치료 성분이 포함되어 있는 특수세치제의 치은염 억제 효과를 입증하기 위하여 Loe의 실험치은염모형을 변형한 변형실험치은염 모형을 사용하고 있으나, 변형실험치은염모형에 대한 안전성 검토는 미비한 상태이다. 따라서, 본 연구는 3주간 구강분할동시현상비교연구법(split mouth method)을 사용하여 변형실험치은염모형의 안전성을 검토하고 치은염의 일부 기구를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법. 성인남자 59명을 대상으로 3주 동안 잇솔질시 잇솔질방지판과 세치제를 편측 소구치부위에 착용하여 기계적 잇솔질을 금지한 실험치은염을 발생시켜 잇솔질방지하악소구치부와 잇솔질허용하악소구치부의 치은염지수, 치면세균막지수, 치은열 구액내의 MMP-9의 농도, IL-1β의 농도를 비교 검토하였다. 연구결과. 잇솔질방지하악소구치부는 3주간의 실험기간동안 실험시작 후 2주차 때 치은염지수와 치면세균막지수가 가장 높았으며 시간에 따라 차이변화가 유의하였으며(p<0.02) 실험 종료 후 초기상태로 회복되었다. 3주간의 실험기간동안 잇솔질방지하악 소구치부와 잇솔질허용하악소구치부 사이에서는 치은열구액내 염증지표인 MMP-9의 농도변화는 유의하지 않았고 염증전단계지표인 IL-1β의 농도변화는 유의하였으나(p=0.03) 잇솔질방지하악소구치부의 MMP-9의 농도와 IL-1β의 농도는 유의한 상관 관계를 보였다. 결론. 잇솔질방지하악소구치부내 MMP-9의 농도는 유의하게 변화하지 않았으므로 치은의 직접적인 파괴는 나타나지 않은 것으로 사료되어 변형실험치은염모형은 세치제의 효과를 평가함에 있어 안전한 모형으로 사료되었다.

大學新入生의 六歲臼齒管理知識에 關한 調査硏究

최은미,백대일,김종배 경복대학 2002 京福論叢 Vol.6 No.-

In an individual, four first molars are the most important ones of twenty deciduous teeth and thirty two permanent teeth. Therefore, all dentists and dental hygienists emphasize in each country that the life of them should be prolonged as long as possible. Besides, the first molars are called six years molars, because those are erupted at the age of six. Moreover, because Korean people say six years molar as youk-se koo-chi and June 9th as youk-wol koo-il in Korean, Korean dentists have presumed that youk-se koo-chi can efficiently be emphasized on youk-wol koo-il in each year. In connection with this reason, every June 9th has been designated as a day for educating Korean people in six years molar cares by Korean Dental Association since 1946. As a result, Korean dentists and dental hygienists have emphasized on June 9th each year that the life of six years molars should be prolonged as long as possible and educated Korean people in six years molar cares by the various educational methods during a week, which follows June 9th each year and is called Dental Health Week in Korea. In the result, the various dental health educational activities on June 9th and during Dental Health Week each year have been called a 6ㆍ9 event in Korea for more than 50 years. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the 6ㆍ9 events has not been evaluated till now. For the purpose of confirming the effectiveness of the 6ㆍ9 events implemented for more than 50 years and selecting the contents of the more effective six years molar care education, the knowledges of six years molar cares had been surveyed in the freshmem of the educational course by questionnaire. The authors analyzed the freshmen's awarenesses of six years molars, period using six years molars, causative diseases for extracting six years molars, programs for preventing dental caries, programs for preventing periodontal disease, programs for treating dental and periodontal diseases at the early stages and necessities for dental and periodontal diseases to be prevented and discussed. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The effectiveness of the 6ㆍ9 events implemented for more than 50 years was not reliable, because the level of knowledges of six years molar cares was not high in the fresh men the college educational course. Therefore, it was concluded that the 6ㆍ9 events should be corrected in it's contents and methods. 2 In the 6ㆍ9 events, the student should be taught that the first molar is the six years molar and il must be used for a whole life. 3. The student should also be taught in the 6ㆍ9 events that almost all the six years molars are extracted due to dental caries and periodontal disease. 4. It should be emphasized in the events that the dental and periodontal diseases must be prevented for prolonging the life of six years molar. 5. The student should be taught in the events that the communal water fluoridation programs and pit & fissure sealing programs must be developed for preventing dental caries and the school based toothbrushing drills for preventing periodontal disease. 6. It should also be emphasized in the events that the periodic incremental dental care programs should be developed for treating dental and periodontal diseases at the early stage for prolonging the life of six years molar.

Hofmann 전이 반응을 이용한 N-(L-Aspartyl)-1,1-Diaminoethane의 합성

정대일,이용균,정일수,김윤영,김선영,박민수 東亞大學校 1998 東亞論叢 Vol.35 No.-

Some retroisomeric peptide showed an agonistic or antagonistic effect of the parent peptides. So the studies on their synthesis and their structure-activity relationship are currently being investigated. In general, the synthesis of the retroisomeric peptide required N,N'-diacylated gem-diamino compound as an important synthetic intermediate, in which those diacylated group could be removed selectively in different condition. In connection with the development of facile synthetic method for retroisomeric peptide, we tried the synthesis of N-benzoyl-1. l-diaminoethane, intermediate of 1, 1-diaminoethane based Sweetener, from N-benzoyl alanine aimde 28 using improved Hofmann rearrangement as a key step. In this procedure, the N-benzoyl-N'-Cbz-1,1-diaminoethane 29 could be prepared in high yield without any bypreducts. And also this compound was converted to N-benzoyl-1, 1-diaminoethane 30 by hydrogenolysis successfully. From the above result, this method thought to be very convenient synthetic method for these N-acyl-l, l-diamino typed compounds, a intermediate of retroisomeric peptides. And also β-benzyl aspartate, another intermediate of these sweetener, could be prepared from aspartic acid via dibenzylation and selective hydrolysis.

TiO₂를 이용한 프로필렌 가스의 광촉매 산화반응

정대일,이동희,김용환,김현숙,이용균,박유미,최순규,김동현 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2001 硏究報告 Vol.24 No.1

Photocatalyzed degradation of propylene gas was carried out over precoated titanium dioxide(anatase) illuminated W light in a flow reactor. photocatalytic oxidation of propylene gas indicated high conversion rates (78.0%) to CO₂ gas. And photocatalytic oxidation of gas according to a fold, twofold, and threefold of titanium dioxide(anatase) respectively gave high conversion rate. The longer reaction time was, the higher conversion rate to CO₂ gas showed.

유전알고리즘을 이용한 배전손실 최소화에 관한 연구

최대섭,이상일,오금곤,정수복,김창석 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 2001 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.23 No.2

This paper presents a new method which applies a genetic algorithm(GA) for determining which sectionalizing switch to operate in order to solve the distribution system loss minimization re-configuration problem. The distribution system loss minimization re-configuration problem is in essence a 0-1 planning problem which means that for typical system scales the number of combinations requiring searches becomes extremely large. In order to deal with this problem, a new approach which applies a GA was presented. Briefly, GA are a type of random number search method, however, they incorporate a multi-point search feature. Further, every point is not is not separately and respectively renewed, therefore, if parallel processing is applied, we can expect a fast solution algorithm to result.

흥미로운 구조를 가진 Dipyrrolylbenzene들의 합성에 관한 연구

정대일,김인식,정두희,박철우,김윤영 東亞大學校 大學院 1996 大學院論文集 Vol.21 No.-

1-(2-Aminophenyl)pyrrole 20a and 1,2-dipyrrolylbenzene 17a were synthesized by using 1,2-phenylenediamine 16a with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran 12 in glacial acid. 1-(3-Aminophenyl)pyrrole 20b and 1,3-dipyrrolylbenzene 17b were obtained by using 1,3-phenylenediamine 16b with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran 12 in glacial acetic acid. 1,4-Dipyrrolybenzene 17c was synthesized by using 1,4-phenylenediamine 16c with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran 12 in glacial acetic acid. Aminophenylpyrroles 20 and dipyrrolylbenzenes 17 were respectively synthesized by the treatment of 1,2-phenylenediamine 16a, 13-phenylenediamine 16b, 1,4-phenylenediamine 16c and 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran 12 in no solvent, acrylic acid, silica-gel, acrylic acid + silica-gel + acetic acid instead of glacial acetic acid. In case of silica-gel + acetic acid among various methods reactivity about synthesis of dipyrrolylbenzene 17 was best. 9-Phenylcarbazole 15 was synthesized by treatment of 1-phenylpyrrole 13 with 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran 12 in glacial acetic acid.

실내 NO₂농도 및 NO₂개인 폭로량에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구 : Centering University and Personnel in Pusan 부산지역 모 대학교 및 교직원과 학생을 대상으로

김동일,김준연,홍대용 동아대학교 의과대학 부설 산업의학연구소 1992 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.1

부산의 도심지역에 위치한 모 대학교 및 교직원과 학생을 대상으로 1990년 2월 1일부터 3월 31일까지 NO₂개인 폭로량과 그들이 활동하는 강의실, 연구실, 실험실, 사무실 등의 실내 NO₂농도를 측정하였다. 동시에 NO₂농도에 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대되는 난방형태, 난방기 가동시간, 환기형태, 조사장소의 면적, 연료소비량, 흡연습관 등의 변수에 대한 조사를 실시하여 NO₂에 대한 영향정도를 평가하기 위해 영향인자를 독립변수로 하여 다분류 해석법을 시행하였다. 본 연구에서 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 실내 NO₂총 평균농도는 27.5±20.2 ppb 였으며, 각 건물마다 NO₂평균농도는 차이가 있었다 (p<0.05). 2. 난방기를 가동하는 장소에서 가동하지 않는 장소보다 NO₂농도가 높았으며, 발열식 보다 대류식 난방기를 사용하는 곳에서 NO₂농도가 더욱 높았다(p<0.05). 3. 창문을 열어서 환기를 하는 것이 실내 NO₂농도를 낮추는 데 효과가 가장 컸다. 4. 실내 NO₂개인 폭로량은 평균 57.8±41.0 ppb 였으며, 건물의 위치에 따라 NO₂개인 폭로량에 차이가 있다(p<0.05). 5. 교직원이 학생보다 NO₂개인 폭로량이 많았다(p<0.05). 6. 난방기를 가동하는 곳에서 근무하는 사람들은 가동하지 않는 곳에서 근무하는 사람들보다 NO₂개인 폭로량이 많았다(p<0.05). 7. 난방기 가까이에서 근무는 사람은 난방기에서 떨어진 사람보다 NO₂개인 폭로량이 많았다(p<0.05). 8.실내 NO₂에 영향을 미치는 정도는 각 건물간 영향이 가장 컸으며, 다음이 난방형 형태, 환기형태 순이었다. 9. NO₂개인 폭로량에 영향을 미치는 정도는 각 건물간 영향이 가장 컸으며, 다음이 난방형태, 난방기로부터 거리 순이었다. 10. 겨울철 실내에서 난방기를 가동할 때에는 환기(특히 창문을 이용)를 하는 것이 실내 NO₂농도를 낮추는 데 효과적이며, 난방기로부터 되도록 떨어져 생활하는 것이 NO₂개인 폭로량을 줄이는 데 효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. Indoor air quality is very important to human wellbeing because people spend much of their time indoors, in some cases indoor air quality is remarkably different from that of outdoor. Many energy conservation strategies for residences involve reducing house air exchange rates. Reducing the air exchange rate of house can cause an increase in pollutant levels if there is an indoor pollution source. Recently nitrogen dioxide( NO₂) has been regarded as one of the important indoor air pollutants. In this study, indoor NO₂levels were measured to provide the fundamental data for evaluation and control on the health effect relevant to NO₂levels. The levels of NO₂were measured by the Palmes method on 279 subjects in a university located in Pusan city from February to March 1990. The results of the study were summarized as follows: 1. The mean indoor NO₂level was 27.5±20.2 ppb. 2. Personal NO₂exposure level was 57.8±41.0 ppb. 3. The mean indoor NO₂level was significantly higher at room with heater than without heater and significantly lower at vented room than in unvented room. 4. The personal NO₂exposure level was significantly higher at group with heater than without heater. 5. The factors affecting indoor NO₂concentration and personal exposure levels were location(by building), heating facility, mode of ventilation, residents(by building), distance from heater by the multiple classification analysis. Therefore, it is concluded that artificial ventilation and distance away from heater were effective means for reducing indoor NO₂levels and personal NO₂exposure levels.

3-Cyano 및 3-Carbomethoxy Chromone과 Allenylstannane과의 반응

鄭大一,宋有淨,崔舜圭,李龍均,安賢淑,윤구식 東亞大學校附設基礎科學硏究所 1998 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.15 No.2

t-Butyldimethylsilyl triflate 존재에서 3-Cyano 및 3-Carbomethoxy Chromone(1a,b)과 Allenylstannane(2) 과의 반응에서 Chromone의 C-2위치에 propargyl기가 도입된 유도체(3a,b)를 합성하였다. 합성한 유도체의 상대적 구조는 ¹H-NMR을 통해 분석하였으며, T.S구조의 모델을 통하여 가능한 메카니즘을 제시하였다. Reaction of 3-Cyano and 3-Carbomethoxy Chromone(1a,b) with Allenylstannane(2) in the presence of tert-butyldimethylsilyl triflate afforded the corresponding the propargylation product(3a,b) in the moderate yield. The relative stereochemistry of 3a,b are obtained on the basis of ¹H-NMR analysis. And the possible reaction mechanism are suggested by the molecular models in the transition state.

TiO₂를 이용한 아세틸렌, 프로필렌, 프로판 가스의 광촉매 산화반응

정대일,변석인,이도훈,이용균,박유미,최순규,김동현 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 2002 硏究報告 Vol.25 No.1

Photocatalyzed degradation of acetylene, propylene, and propane gases were carried out over precoated titanium dioxide(anatase) illuminated UV light in a flow reactor. photocatalytic oxidation of acetylene, propylene, and propane gases respectively indicated high conversion rates (78.0%) to CO₂gas. And photocatalytic oxidation of three gases according to a fold, twofold, and threefold of titanium dioxide(anatase) respectively gave high conversion rate. The longer reaction time was, the higher conversion rate to CO₂gas showed.

Nortropinone 유도체로부터 Nortropane Spirohydantoin 유도체의 합성

정대일,박유미,박종훈,김윤영,정두희,김인식 東亞大學校 1998 東亞論叢 Vol.35 No.-

The nortropinones 11 (tropinone lla, N-isopropylnortropinone 11b, N-Carbethoxynortropinone 11c, N-furfurylnortropinone 11d, N-(p-methoxyphenyl)nortropinone 11e) were respectively synthesized by the treatment of acetonedicarboxylic acid 8 with, 2, 5-dimethoxytetrahydrofurane 9 in various amines 10 (methylamine 10a, N-isopropylamine 10b, ethylcarbamate 10c, furfurylamine 10d, p-anisidine 10e). The nortropane spirohydantoins 14 (tropane spirohydanttoin 14a, N-isopropylnortropane spirohydantoin 14b, N-Carbethoxynortropane spirohydantoin 14c, N-furfurylnortropane spirohydantion 14d, n_(p-methoxyphenyl) nortropane spirohydantoin 14e) were respectively synthesized by the treatment of synthesized nortropinones 11 (tropinone 11a 54%, N-isopropylnortropinone 11b 50%, N-Carbethoxynortropinone 11c 58%, N-furfurylnortropinone 11d 31%, N-(p-methoxyphenyl) nortropinone 11e, 70%) with potassium cyanide 12, ammonium carbonate 13.