가금 (家禽) 에서의 루핀 ( Lupinus Angustifolius ) 단백질의 생물학적 이용과 사료의 에너지 이용

남기택(K . T . Nam),고태송(T . S . Koh) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.6

In order to investigate an utilizability of a white sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) seed. day-old single comb White Leghorn male chicks were fed on a commercial chick mash for the first 10 days and on a protein-free diet for the next 6 days, and then on the protein-free diet and diets containing the graded levels (10. 20 and 30%) of the lupin seed meal(LSM) for the subsequent 6 days of experimental feeding. Biological utilization of the LSM protein and energy utilization of diets were determined. and the heat production(HP) was measured by the comparative Slaughter studies. The protein intake was increased and net protein ratio(NPR) was lowered as the LSM contents of diets increased. But diet consumption. weight gain and protein efficiency ratio(PER) of birds fed LSM 20% diet were higher than those fed LSM 30% diet. True digestibility and biological value of the protein and net protein utilization of birds fed LSM 20% diet were found an increasing tendency compared with those of 30% diet. MEn and metabolizability(MEn/GE) of diets, and HP/MEn were lowered gradually as the LSM contents of diets increased while HP of birds fed LSM 30% diet was lower than those of birds fed LSM 10 and 20% diet. The result indicated that lupin seed containal antinutritional substances which affect diet consumption. biological value of protein and energy metabolism of chicks.

병아리의 에너지대사에 미치는 비단백태질소의 영향

김영범,남기택,고태송 ( Y . B . Kim,K . T . Nam,T . S . Koh ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.10

In order to investigate an effect of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) on the energy metabolism of chicks, hatched Single Comb White Leghorn male chicks were fed for the first 8 days on a commercial chick mash, followed by 6 days on protein-free diet and the subsequent 6 days on the protein-free diets and protein diets containing 10.59% of crude protein supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of urea, respectively. When birds were fed on protein-free diets during 6 days of experimental feeding period, protein and lipid retentions were in negative balance. Protein loss was least in birds fed 1.0% of urea and lipid loss decreased in the order of increasing level of urea in the diets. The rate (MEn/GE) of metabolizable energy (MEn) to the gross energy (GE) tended to decrease in birds fed urea and the rate (ER/MEn) of energy retention (GR) to the MEn were -19.5∼-22.0%. The MEn intake and heat production (FIP) per metabolic body size (㎏^(0.75)) was lowered in the order of the increasing level of urea in diets, and ER her ㎏^(0.75) of birds fed 1.0 and 1.5% of urea was increased. Birds fed protein diets containing urea deposited more protein and less lipids compared to those containing no urea. The MEn/GE of protein diets supplemented with the urea were higher and the ER or ER/MFn were lower than those without supplementation. The MGn intake per ㎏^(0.75) of birds fed protein diet containing 1.5% of urea was increased and the ER was lowered in birds fed diets contained urea, and the HP was increased in the order of the increasing levels of urea in the diets.

목초액을 이용한 산란노계의 육질 개선 연구

윤병선,남기택,장경만,황성구,최일신,Youn B. S.,Nam K. T.,Chang K. M.,Hwang S. G.,Choe I. S. 한국가금학회 2005 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

산란노계를 닭고기로서 자원화하여 농가의 수익과 단백질 공급원으로 활용하기 위한 목적으로, 생산성이 낮고 경제적 가치가 적은 산란노계 사료에 목초액을 첨가${\cdot}$급여하여 육질 개선 효과를 조사하기 위하여 계획하였다. 이사브라운 갈색종 240수를 배치하여 대조구에는 육계용 배합사료, 시험 1구에는 국산 목초액 $0.8\%$, 시험 2구에는 외국산 목초액 $0.4\%$를 첨가하여 급여하였다. 사료 섭취량은 대조구가 시험구보다 3g 정도 적었는데 목초액의 유기산이 사료의 소화에 영향을 준 것으로 사려된다. 사육성적의 차이는 국산과 외국산 목초액의 구성성분의 차이에 기인하며, 외국산 목초액의 첨가는 성페르몬과 성분이 유사한 목초액이 내분비 물질의 분비를 촉진한 결과 산란율이 증가하였고, 목초액의 첨가에 따라 조지방 함유량은 다리 고기가 가슴고기보다 많았으며 육색의 개선 효과도 있었다. 다리고기의 육질과 관능검사는 근섬유의 조직을 가늘게 하고 보습력을 증가시키는 외국산 목초액 첨가구에서 좋은 평가를 받았다. This study was designed to estimate effect of wood vinegar on meat quality in old Layer which was low production and low economic value. The old layer chickens were used to resource for income increase of layer farm and protein supply. Two hundred forty Isa Brown chickens were assigned with control(Broiler feed), Treatment 1 (Broiler feed with addition of domestic wood vinegar $0.8\%$) and Treatment 2(Broiler feed with addition of foreign wood vinegar $0.4\%$). Feed intake of control group was lower 3g than other treatments. This is the reason of result that what organic acid in wood vinegar of treatment groups affect to feed digestibility, The different of chicken production was depended on ingredient and included value of wood vinegar in domestic and foreign. Foreign wood vinegar have organic acids which that functionally act sexual Pheromone so that promote endocrine matter. This is reason that old Layer chicken increase to egg production rate. Treatment 2 group effect to thigh meat rather than breast meat and improve to value of crude fat and meat color. The Meat quality and sensory test of thigh meat of foreign wood vinegar was better appraise rather than that of domestic wood vinegar. Because foreign wood vinegar make to fine of meat tissue and to decline cooking loss and also to increase juiciness and tenderness on sensory test.

병아리에서의 감귤가공부산물의 이용과 콜레스테롤대사에 미치는 영향

서인준,남기택,고태송 ( I . J . Suh,K . T . Nam,T . S . Koh ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.10

Utilizability of citrus pulp and it`s effect on cholesterol metabolism was studied in chicks. The neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents were analysed in the experimental, materials and residues (cellulosics) of excreta from birds fed diets contained wheat bran, citrus pulp, acetone extracted (AE) citrus pulp and ultrasonically treated (UT) citrus pulp. Cholesterol deposition in carcass and steroids excretion in excreta of birds fed diets contained cellulose (cotton meal), wheat bran, citrus pulp, citrus pulp-AE and citrus pulp-UT were investigated. The contents of NDP and ADP of experimental materials generally were lower than those of the residues from excreta of buds fed diets containing experimental materials. It seemed to be originated from the decrease of cell contents of the materials in the residues by digestion in the digestive tract of the chicks. The digestibility of cell contents in wheat bran, citrus pulp and citrus pulp-UT reached to 60.9, 59.7 and 49.9io, respectively, which was low comparing to 75.5% in citrus pulp-AE. Carcass of buds contained 456-460㎎ of cholesterol in the initial stage of experimental feeding, while chicks fed cellulose, wheat bran, citrus pulp, citrus pulp-AE and citrus pulp-UT had diposited 45.5, 48.7, 46.4, 67.9 and 61.7㎎, respectively, per day during 10 days of experimental feeding. Thus birds fed citrus pulp-AE accumulated significantly more cholesterol compared with those of citrus pulp. When birds were fed with cellulose, citurs pulp-AE and citrus pulp-UT, cholesterol accumulation per metabolic body size (㎏^(0.75)) correlated negatively with steroids excretion per ㎏^(0.75) in excreta while those values in birds fed wheat bran and citrus pulp were shown different trend. Cholesterol deposition per ㎏^(0.75) of birds fed cellulose, citrus pulp-AE and citrus pulp-UT correlated positively with the retention of protein and lipids per ㎏^(0.75). Birds fed wheat bran and citrus pulp contained relatively constant values though the levels of protein and lipids were changed. It was supposed that the effect of acetone extracted and ultrasonically treated citrus pulp on the metabolism of cholesterol in chicks will be different with those of wheat bran and citrus pulp.

감귤가공부산물의 아세톤추출 및 초음파 처리가 가금의 에너지이용성에 미치는 영향

고태송,서인준,남기택,김영범 ( T . S . Koh,I . J . Suh,K . T . Nam,Y . B . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.10

In order to investigate an utilizability of citrus pulp, a byproduct of manufacturing juice or can from orange, as a possible feed resource, metabolizable energy (MEn) and productive energy (PE) of untreated citrus pulp were compared with those of wheat bran and citrus pulp extracted with acetone (citrus pulp-AE) or ultrasonically treated citrus pulp (citrus pulp-UT). Hatched single comb White Leghorn male chicken were raised for 8 days with a commercial diet and for next 3 days with basal (wheat bran) diet and for subsequent 10 days with experimental diets containing 17.0% of cellulose (cotton meal), wheat bran, untreated citrus pulp, citrus pulp-AE arid citrus pulp-UT, respectively. The MEn was measured by intake energy minus excreted energy in excreta and the PE was calculated by protein and lipid retention determined by carcass analysis of birds. Body weight gain or protein and lipid retention were not significantly different among buds fed experimental diets. But the body weight gain or protein and lipid retention of birds fed citrus pulp-AE and -UT were highering compared with that fed untreated citrus pulp, And feed conversions of birds fed citrus pulp-AE and -UT showed lowering tendency compared to that fed untreated citrus pulp. The rate of MEn to gross energy (GE), MEn/GE, was not significantly different between birds fed wheat bran diet and those fed citrus pulp-AE and -UT diets, which were higher than that fed untreated citrus pulp. But PE and PE/MEn were not significantly different among birds fed experimental diets.. MEn of citrus pulp-AE had shown 1.885 ㎉ per gram dry matter was similar with that of wheat bran, which was significantly higher than those of untreated citrus pulp and citrus pulp-UT. The MEn/GE of citrus pulp-AE had been 44.8% and was also similar with 43.2% oi` wheat bran, which was significantly higher than 21.8 and 29.1% of untreated citrus pulp and citrus pulp-UT, respectively. The PE of untreated citrus pulp, citrus pulp-AE and citrus pulp-UT reached to 0.906, 1.831 and 1.500 ㎉ per gram dry matter, respectively. The results seem to indicate that the energy utilization of citrus pulp extracted with acetone be similar with that of wheat bran and that the availability of citrus pulp would be improved by some proper treatment.

비타민 A와 D의 공급제한이 거세 한우의 육질등급에 미치는 영향

김완영,박진기,조성용,남기택,여준모,Kim, W.Y.,Park, J.K.,Cho, S.Y.,Nam, K.T.,Yeo, J.M. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2016 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.18 No.1

Sixty Hanwoo steers(15 months of age; 409±29.2 kg of BW) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamins A and D restriction on carcass characteristics. Steers were allotted randomly to 1 of 4 treatments: Control(diet supplemented with vitamins A, D and E), -A (diet supplemented with vitamins D and E), -D(diet supplemented with vitamins A and E) and -AD(diet supplemented with vitamin E only). Steers were fed the experimental diet for a period of 8 months(until 23 months of age), and then supplemented with vitamins A and D at 0.05% of the diet(as fed-basis) from 24 to 26 months of age, and at 0.1% of the diet from 27 to 31 months of age(harvesting time). Dietary restriction of vitamins A and D did not affect DM intake, daily gain and feed conversion ratio. But the concentration of serum retinol was significantly(P<0.05) decreased by vitamin A restriction with the lowest concentration being seen at 23 months of age(345.0 ㎍/L and 326.7㎍/L for control and -D treatment versus 169.3 ㎍/L and 175.4 ㎍/L for -A and -AD treatments). The serum concentration of 25(OH)D₃ was also decreased significantly(P<0.05) by vitamin D restriction and the lowest concentration was seen at 18 months of age(53.7ng/ml and 61.8ng/ml for control and - A treatment versus 24.0 ng/ml and 24.5 ng/ml for -D and -AD treatments). After the restriction period of vitamins A and D, the concentrations of retinol and 25(OH)D₃ for - A, -D and -AD treatments were recovered at those of control. Dietary restriction of vitamins A and D did not affect carcass weight, backfat thickness, ribeye area, quality grade and yield grade. But marbling score was significantly increased by vitamin A restriction compared with control(6.73, 6.87 and 5.73 for -A, -AD and control, respectively). The results of the present study suggested that dietary vitamin A restriction could improve marbling score in Hanwoo steers.

비타민 D 조절을 통한 한우 고급육생산

김완영,박진기,조성용,남기택,여준모,Kim, W.Y.,Park, J.K.,Cho, S.Y.,Nam, K.T.,Yeo, J.M. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2016 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.18 No.1

Vitamin D plays a vital role in maintaining blood concentrations of Ca and P. In lipid metabolism, vitamin D is also known to negatively affect the development of adipocytes, but it has received little attention with regard to improve marbling score in beef cattle via restricting its supply. Recently, the method of feeding fat soluble vitamins(including vitamin D)-deficient diets in Korean native cattle (Hanwoo) has been spread by feed companies and TMR plants. But proper guidelines in feeding vitamin D-deficient diets should be provided, otherwise it can adversely affect the health of cattle. To maximize marbling score, a controlled level of vitamin D in blood needs to be maintained and the proper period for feeding vitamin D-deficient diets should be provided. This review was conducted to highlight the regulatory effects of vitamins D on adipocyte differentiation, and provide information on improving beef quality grades in relation to feeding vitamin D-deficient diets in beef cattle.

점토 광물질 발효 산물 급여가 육계의 생산성 및 면역 증강에 미치는 영향

주은정,정수진,손장호,조진국,윤병선,남기택,황성구,Joo, E.J.,Jung, S.J.,Son, J.H.,Cho, J.K.,Youn, B.S.,Nam, K.T.,Hwang, S.G. 한국가금학회 2007 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.34 No.3

본 연구에서는 Ross strain-208 브로일러 수컷 36,800 수를 기본 사료만 급여한 대조구와 기본 사료에 0.3% 점토 광물질 발효 산물을 첨가 급여한 처리구로 나누어 5주간 사양 시험을 시행하였고, 사육 후 육계의 최종 체중 및 일당 증체량, 육성율, 사료 섭취량, 사료 효율, 생산 지수 등에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과, 최종 체중은 점토 광물질 발효 산물을 0.3% 첨가 급여한 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의성은 없으나 약 18.5% 증가하였고, 일당 증체량은 약 18.2% 유의하게 증가한 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 사료 섭취량과 처리구가 대조구보다 유의하게 21.4% 증가하였고, 사료 효율은 유의성은 없으나 약 2.7% 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 특히 육성율과 생산 지수는 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의하게 각각 4.4%와 4.9% 증가하였다(p<0.05). 또, ND(뉴캐슬병)와 IBD(전염성 F낭병)의 백신을 음용 투여하였을 때의 항체 역가는, 0.3 % 점토 광물질 발효 산물 첨가구가 대조구에 비해 유의성은 없으나 각각 13.8%와 15.7% 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로부터 점토 광물질 발효 산물의 첨가급여는 육계의 생산성과 면역 기능을 증진시켜 항생제를 저감한 친환경적인 고품질 육계 생산에 도움이 될 것으로 사료되었다. A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplement of fermented clay mineral (FCM) on the growth performance and immune stimulation in broiler chickens. A total of 36,800 broilers, (of) Ross strain-208, were randomly allotted into 2 experimental (diet) groups. Control group was fed the basal diet (corn-soybean meal based), and treatment group was fed the natural clay mineral that was fermented with aboriginal microorganisms at $37^{\circ}C$ for 72 h. Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the experiment for 5 weeks of experimental feeding period. Daily weight gain of treatment group fed 0.3% fermented clay mineral was significantly increased in comparison with control group. Feed intake of treatment group was significantly increased 21.4% (p<0.05), and feed efficiency was also increased 2.7% compared to control group. Especially, growth rate and production index of treatment group were significantly higher as much as 4.4% and 4.8%, respectively, than those of control group (p<0.05). By the feeding of dietary 0.3 % FCM, the antibody productions against Newcastle Disease and Infectious Bursal Disease antigens were shown to increase 13.8 % and 15.7 %, respectively, more than control group chickens. From these results, it appears that the supply of fermented clay mineral at 0.3 % level in the broiler chicken diet could enhance the growth performance and immune stimulation of broiler chickens.

채종박 품질이 이유돈의 성장에 미치는 영향

강창원,남기택,임호중,공진훈,안상태 한국축산학회 1995 한국축산학회지 Vol.37 No.4

This study was made to evaluate the nutritional values and glucosinolate contents of three types of rapeseed oil meal(RSM), originated from Canada(canola), China(CRSM:Chinese Rapeseed Oil Meal) and India (IRSM:Indian Rapeseed Oil Meal), and their dietary effects on the performance of weanling pigs. Nutritional evaluation included the contents of moisture, crude protein(CP), ether extracts (EE), crude fiber(CF), Ash, Ca and P, KOH solubility, tannin, and glucosinolate contents of each RSM. Total of two hundred-forty weanling pigs weighing about 20㎏ initially were housed in 24 pens with 10 pigs per pen. The thirty animals were assigned to one of eight rations : T₁ (0% RSM + 2% molasses), T₂ (6% canola + 2% molasses), T₃ (6% CRSM + 2% Molasses), T₄(6% IRSM + 2% molasses), T_5 (0% RSM + 5% molasses), T_6 (6% Canola + 5% molasses). T_7 (6% CRSM + 5% molasses), T_8 (6% IRSM + 5% molasses). During the experimental period, body weight and feed intakes were measured weekly and feed conversion rates were calculated. The results obtained from this experiments are summarized as follows. 1. The KOH solubility of canola, CRSM and IRSM was found to be 54.6, 35.7 and 64.8%, respectively. The glucosinolate contents of canola, CRSM and IRSM were found to be 0.11, 0.22 and 0.79%, respectively. 2. There were no significant differences between the 2% molasses and the 5% molasses supplemented groups in feed intake and body weight gain. 3. The 6% CRSM(T₃, T_7) and IRSM(T₄, T_8) groups were significantly (P$lt;0.05) inferior to the control groups(T₁, T_5) and 6% canola groups(T₂, T_6) in feed intake and body weight gains. The control groups(T₂, T_6) were significantly (P$lt;0.05) superior to the 6% canola groups(T₂, T_6), 6% CRSM(T₃, T_7) and 6% IRSM groups(T₄, T_8) in feed conversion rate.

THE ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY IN ENDODONTICS

南基宅 육군의무장교단 1960 육군의무장교단잡지 Vol.7 No.3