병아리에서 단백질의 생물학적이용성에 미치는 비단백태질소의 영향

고태송,김영범,서인준,남기택 ( Tae Song Koh,Young Bum Kim,In June Suh,Ki Teag Nam ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.12

In order to investigate an effect of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) on the biological utilization of protein, hatched single comb White Leghorn male chicks were fed for the first 8 days on a commercial chick mash, followed by 6 days on protein-free diet and the subsequent 6 days on the protein-free diets and protein diets containing 10.59% of crude protein supplemented with 0, 0.5, I.0 and I.5% of urea, respectively. When chicks fed protein-free diets, feed intake was lowered gradually as urea contents of diets were increased, while body weight loss was not altered. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein ratio (NPR) were increased in the order of the increasing level of urea in diet. Nitrogen balance were in negative balance while the values were increased with the increasing urea vontents in diets. Digestibility of nitrogen were lowered along with the increasing contents of urea, but biological value (BV) and net protein utilization (NPU) was found a trend to be high in birds fed 1.5% of urea. When birds fed protein diets, body weight gain and feed intake were not different among birds fed the graded levels of urea although feed conversions were trended to be high along with the increasing urea contents. The PER and NPR were lowered in the order of the increasing level of urea. Nitrogen balance and urinary nitrogen excretion was highered as urea levels of diets increased while fecal nitrogen excretion were not altered. BV and NPU of protein were found a tendency to be high in birds fed protein diets added with 0.5% of urea.

감귤가공부산물의 아세톤추출 및 초음파 처리가 가금의 에너지이용성에 미치는 영향

고태송,서인준,남기택,김영범 ( T . S . Koh,I . J . Suh,K . T . Nam,Y . B . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.10

In order to investigate an utilizability of citrus pulp, a byproduct of manufacturing juice or can from orange, as a possible feed resource, metabolizable energy (MEn) and productive energy (PE) of untreated citrus pulp were compared with those of wheat bran and citrus pulp extracted with acetone (citrus pulp-AE) or ultrasonically treated citrus pulp (citrus pulp-UT). Hatched single comb White Leghorn male chicken were raised for 8 days with a commercial diet and for next 3 days with basal (wheat bran) diet and for subsequent 10 days with experimental diets containing 17.0% of cellulose (cotton meal), wheat bran, untreated citrus pulp, citrus pulp-AE arid citrus pulp-UT, respectively. The MEn was measured by intake energy minus excreted energy in excreta and the PE was calculated by protein and lipid retention determined by carcass analysis of birds. Body weight gain or protein and lipid retention were not significantly different among buds fed experimental diets. But the body weight gain or protein and lipid retention of birds fed citrus pulp-AE and -UT were highering compared with that fed untreated citrus pulp, And feed conversions of birds fed citrus pulp-AE and -UT showed lowering tendency compared to that fed untreated citrus pulp. The rate of MEn to gross energy (GE), MEn/GE, was not significantly different between birds fed wheat bran diet and those fed citrus pulp-AE and -UT diets, which were higher than that fed untreated citrus pulp. But PE and PE/MEn were not significantly different among birds fed experimental diets.. MEn of citrus pulp-AE had shown 1.885 ㎉ per gram dry matter was similar with that of wheat bran, which was significantly higher than those of untreated citrus pulp and citrus pulp-UT. The MEn/GE of citrus pulp-AE had been 44.8% and was also similar with 43.2% oi` wheat bran, which was significantly higher than 21.8 and 29.1% of untreated citrus pulp and citrus pulp-UT, respectively. The PE of untreated citrus pulp, citrus pulp-AE and citrus pulp-UT reached to 0.906, 1.831 and 1.500 ㎉ per gram dry matter, respectively. The results seem to indicate that the energy utilization of citrus pulp extracted with acetone be similar with that of wheat bran and that the availability of citrus pulp would be improved by some proper treatment.

가성소다 및 염산용액에서 가열한 볏짚의 가금에서의 영양소 이용성에 미치는 영향

고태송,김해수,김성규 ( Tae Song Koh,Hae Soo Kim,Sung Gyu Kim ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.7

In order to observe an effect of the components of rice straw on the utilization of nutrients in chicks, the rice straw of 100g were digested in 800㎖ of 0.25N NaOH or HCl solution at 135℃ and in the pressure of 3.2㎏/㎠ by autoclave during 30, 60 and 120 minutes. The contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lignin were measured in the washed and dried rice straw meal. Hatched single comb White Leghorn male chicks were fed with a commercial chick mash for the first 10 days and 8 kinds of experimental diets for the subsequent 8 days which contained wheat bran (basal), cellulose (cotton meal) and the rice straw meal digested in NaOH or HCl solution during 30, 60 and 120 minutes (NaOH or HCl-30, 60, 120-RS), respectively. The NaOH-30 60, 120-RS had Tossed 21.2, 24.3 and 28.2% of dry matter, respectively, while the. HCl-30, 60, 120-RS had shown 1.5-2.0 times of the dry matter loss of the NaOH-RS. The dry matter loss of the NaOHRS or HCl-RS was mainly extractable cell content and hemicellulose in NaOH or HCl solution by heating though a part of cellulose was contained in the dry matter loss of the HCl-120-RS. Body weight gain, feed conversions and nitrogen retention rates were not found any significant difference among birds fed experimental diets during experimental feeding period. Crude fat digestibility was highering in birds fed cellulose diet compared to birds fed wheat bran and NaOH-RS diets but higher than those fed HCl-RS diets. Metabolizable energy(MEn) and metabolizability to gross energy of wheat bran diet was higher than those of other diets. The MEn was 2394 ㎈ per gram in wheat bran, 437-818 ㎈ in NaOH-RS, 247-353 ㎈ in HCl-30, 60-RS and -6 ㎈ in HCl-120-RS. Daily MEn intake and protein retention per bird and MEn required for 1g protein retention were 57-67 ㎉, 1.8-2.2g and 28-33 ㎉, respectively.

증류수 혹은 0.25N NaClO2 에서 가열한 볏짚의 구성분의 변화와 가금에서의 영양소이용성

고태송,김해수,김성규,나채영 ( Tae Song Koh,Hae Soo Kim,Sung Gyu Kim,Chae Young Ra ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.12

In order to observe an effect of the components of rice straw on the utilization of nutrient in chicks, 100 g batches of rice straw were soaked in 800 ㎖ of either distilled water or 0.25N NaC10₂ and then autoclaved for 30, 60 and 120 minutes at the temperature of 135℃ and at the pressure of 3.2㎏/㎠(water or NaC10₂-30, 60 and 120-RS). Neutral detergent fiber(NDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF) and lignin of the washed and dried rice straw meal were analyzed. Hatched single comb White Leghrn male chicks were fed on a commercial chick mash for the first 10 days and five kinds of experimental diets which contained 17.0% of wheat bran(basal), cellulose(cotton meal), non-treated RS, water-30-RS and NaC10₂-30-RS, respectively, for the next 8 days. The water-30, 60 and 120-RS had lost 9.7, 12.1 and 13.3% of dry matter, respectively, while NaC10₂-30-RS had shown similar dry matter loss to those of water-30-RS though NaC10₂-60 and 120-RS had lost 1.5 times of dry matter compared with those of water-60 and 120-RS, respectively. And the dry matter loss of the water-RS or NaC10₂-RS was mainly originated from the extractable cell contents and hemicellulose of the non-treated RS. Birds fed water-30-RS diets showed higher body weight gain and lower feed conversion than those of birds fed non-treated and NaC10₂-30-RS diets during 8 days of experimental feeding. Also nitrogen balance and retention rate of birds fed water-30-RS was higher compared with those of birds fed non-treated and NaC10₂-30-RS. And digestibility of crude fat tended to be high in birds fed water-30-RS. The rate of metabolizable energy(MEn) to gross energy(GE) of birds fed non-treated RS, water-30-RS and NaC10₂-30-RS diets were 71.9, 72.9 and 70.4%, respectively, and energy intake per metabolic body size ㎏^(0.75)) were reached to 307.3, 296.2 and 291.4 ㎉ per day, respectively. And daily protein retention per ㎏^(0.75) were 1.647, 1.969 and 1.560 g, respectively. The MEn required for 1 g of protein retention was 30.56 ㎉ in the bird fed water-30-RS, which was lower than 36.90 and 37.56 ㎉ of birds fed non-treated and NaC10-30-RS, respectively. The results seems to indicate that non-treated rice straw had a substance or characters which affect the energy utilization or protein retention of diets and which will be eliminated by boiling in water.

오크라톡신 A 로 오염된 사료중 지방함량이 가금의 에너지 및 단백질 대사에 미치는 영향

고태송(T . S . Koh),신동신(D . S . Shin),김동희(D . H . Kim),주명렬(M . R . Ju),최윤석(Y . S . Choi),김종배(J . B . Kim),신현길(H . K . Shin) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.9

In order to reduce adverse effects of diets contaminated with Ochratoxin A(OA) on the productivity of birds, effects of fat levels in diets mixed with the OA on the protein and energy metabolism in chicks were studied. Diets with 4.0 ㎍ of OA per gram diet containing 3.0 and 6.0% of soybean oil were fed to White Leghorn chicks of 11-day old for 7 days of the experimental feeding period. Birds fed the OA and soybean oil showed a tendency of increasing the daily gain and feed efficiency and decreasing relative weight of liver and kidney per body weight compared with those fed the diet containing OA alone. The retention of protein, lipids and energy showed an increasing tendency in birds fed diets containing the OA and soybean oil compared with those of birds fed diets containing 4.0㎍/g of OA. And birds fed diets containing OA and soybean oil decreased urinary nitrogen and fecal nitrogen and increased digestibility of protein while the rate of nitrogenous compounds in urine was not different among birds fed experimental diets. Metabolizable energy content of diets and nitrogen balance increased and heat production per MEn intake was decreased in birds fed the OA and soybean oil.

산란계사료중 미생물 파이테이즈 첨가가 국산 , 브라질산 , 중국산 및 인도산 대두박의 단백질 및 에너지 이용성에 미치는 영향

고태송(T . S . Koh),이기창(K . C . Lee),최철림(C . L . Choi),장문주(B . S . Park),박병석(M . C . Chang),김상윤(S . Y . Kim) 한국영양사료학회 1999 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

N/A

병아리의 에너지대사에 미치는 비단백태질소의 영향

김영범,남기택,고태송 ( Y . B . Kim,K . T . Nam,T . S . Koh ) 한국축산학회 1985 한국축산학회지 Vol.27 No.10

In order to investigate an effect of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) on the energy metabolism of chicks, hatched Single Comb White Leghorn male chicks were fed for the first 8 days on a commercial chick mash, followed by 6 days on protein-free diet and the subsequent 6 days on the protein-free diets and protein diets containing 10.59% of crude protein supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% of urea, respectively. When birds were fed on protein-free diets during 6 days of experimental feeding period, protein and lipid retentions were in negative balance. Protein loss was least in birds fed 1.0% of urea and lipid loss decreased in the order of increasing level of urea in the diets. The rate (MEn/GE) of metabolizable energy (MEn) to the gross energy (GE) tended to decrease in birds fed urea and the rate (ER/MEn) of energy retention (GR) to the MEn were -19.5∼-22.0%. The MEn intake and heat production (FIP) per metabolic body size (㎏^(0.75)) was lowered in the order of the increasing level of urea in diets, and ER her ㎏^(0.75) of birds fed 1.0 and 1.5% of urea was increased. Birds fed protein diets containing urea deposited more protein and less lipids compared to those containing no urea. The MEn/GE of protein diets supplemented with the urea were higher and the ER or ER/MFn were lower than those without supplementation. The MGn intake per ㎏^(0.75) of birds fed protein diet containing 1.5% of urea was increased and the ER was lowered in birds fed diets contained urea, and the HP was increased in the order of the increasing levels of urea in the diets.

병아리의 단백질 및 에너지대사에 미치는 오크라톡신 A 가 함유된 사료의 영향

신동신(D . S . Sin),김동희(D .H . Kim),고태송(T . S . Koh) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.4

In order to study an effect of diet contaminated with ochratoxin A (OA) on protein and energy metabolism of poultry, diets containing 0.0(basal). 1.0 and 2.0 ㎍ of OA per gram were fed to 13 day-old White Leghorn male chick during 10 days of experimental feeding period. Birds of 13-day old fed on diets incorporated with the OA tended to have the decrease of the daily weight gain and feed efficiency during experimental feeding period. Liver weight expresed per body weight was increased(p$lt;0.05) in birds fed the OA while kidney weight was hightened gradually as the OA levels of diet increased(p$lt;0.05). Retentions of lipids and energy were reduced(p$lt;0.05) in birds fed 2.0 ㎍ of OA per gram diet. The percentage of nitrogenous compounds in urine was not affected by the experimental diets, and increased excretion of nitrogen in urine and feces, and decreased digestibility of protein and nitrogen balance were shown in birds fed on the diet containing OA. An effect of diet containing the OA on the daily intake of energy was not found and heat production per metabolic body size(㎏^0.75) was increased significantly(p$lt;0.05) in birds fed the diet containing OA of 2.0㎍/g The results suggested that diets contaminated with the OA increase the kidney weight and heat production. and decrease retention of lipids in birds.

돼지의 정육생산에 미치는 요소 (尿素) , 라이신 또는 요소와 라이신 첨가사료의 영향

황성구(S . K . Hwang),한면수(M . S . Han),김영진(Y . J . Kim),윤재인(J . I . Yoon),고태송(T . S Koh) 한국영양사료학회 1991 韓國營養飼料學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

국산 대맥이 비육돈의 육질에 미치는 영향

한면수(M . S . Han),한성준(S . J . Han),김영진(Y . J . Kim),황성구(S . K . Hwang),고태송(T . S . Koh) 한국축산학회 1991 한국축산학회지 Vol.33 No.9

In order to investigate an effect of domestic barley on the carcass characteristics of pigs, three way cross bred (Landrace × Large white × Hampshire) pigs fed on a commercial diet until about 76㎏ were allotted to 20 pigs per pen and three pens per diet. And then they fed on basal diet and diets in which 10%(l0% barley diet) or 20%(20% barley diet) of the domestic barley substituted for yellow corn and soy bean meal of the basal diet during 38 days of experimental feeding for finishing period. Digestibility of nutrients and energy of diets were measured. And dressing percentage, loin eve area, backfat thickness at site of 7th, 10th and last ribs and amount of lean meat of carcass were measured on 45 pigs chosen randomly by 5 pigs per pen after experimental feeding. During experimental feeding period body weight gain and feed conversion did not show significant differences among pigs fed diets of basal and 10% barley, while pigs fed 20% barley diet tended to decrease body weight gain and worsened feed conversion. Pigs fed diets containing 10% or 20% barley showed the increased digestibilites of crude protein and nitrogen-free extracts. But digestibility of crude fiber in pigs fed 20% barley diet decreased. Basal diet contained 3.001 Meal DE per ㎏ dry matter, and 10% barley diet and 20% barley diet contained 3.252 and 3.240 Meal, respectively. Also digestibility of energy was heightened significantly(p$lt;0.05) in diets containing barley compared with that in basal diet. Dressing percentages, and lean meat percent tended to be high in pigs fed 20% barley diet compared with those of pigs fed basal and 10% barley diets. Average backfat thickness of pigs fed 20% barley diet was 2.59 ㎝ which was clearly thinner compared with 2.82 and 2.73 ㎝ of pigs fed basal and 10% barley diets, respectively. The results indicated that pigs fed diets containing 20% of the domestic barley increased dressing percent, loin eye area and lean meat percent, and decreased backfat thickness compared with those of pigs fed basal deit. It was suggested that the domestic barley will possibly improve the market carcass quality of pigs.