안지오텐신 변환효소 억제제와 안지오텐신 II 수용체 차단제 투여 후 발생한 급성 신부전과 폐부종으로 전원된 선천성 단일신 환자의 치료 1예

백두현,김경진,홍성철,강석형,송하응,김혜인,김수현,오현정,강혜원,김서우,유민아,류동열,최규복,강덕희 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2010 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.33 No.1

Blockers of renin-angiotensin system(RAS) including ACE inhibitor or ARB are one of the most frequently prescribed medications for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure and proteinuria. One of the major side effects of these RAS blockers is the deterioration of renal function, mainly due to a reduction of intraglomerular pressure. Therefore, close monitoring of renal function is recommended when RAS blockers are initially prescribed, especially for the patients with impaired renal function. We report a patient who was transferred to our hospital due to the sudden development of oliguria and dyspnea after treatment for hypertension with ACEi and ARB. She was finally diagnosed as RAS blocker-induced acute renal failure with pulmonary edema complicated on congenital solitary kidney. After hemodialysis and conservative treatment, her renal function was recovered with maintenance of normal urine output. Conclusion:This case highlights the necessity of the functional and structural evaluation of kidney to prevent the serious complication such as acute renal failure before the administration of ACEi and/or ARB.

주침 수치 방법에 따른 種大黃이 백서의 흉부대동맥 혈관이완에 미치는 영향

김형환,이현경,강순아,안덕균,박성규 대한본초학회 2004 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.19 No.1

Objectives: We have examined the relaxative response to the water extract of Rheum undulatuum (ERU) and water extract of alcohol processed Rheum unddatum (ARU) with isolated thoracic aorta from sprague dawley (SD) rat Methods: Rat thoracic aorta was investigated in vessel segments suspended for isometric tension recording by polygraph. Responses to ERU and ARU were investigated in vessels precontracted with 5- hydroxytryptamine(5-HT). Results: We found that the thoracic aorta segments responded to ERU and ARU with a dose-dependent vasorelaxation. 1. The thoracic aorta segments responded to ERU and ARU with a dose-dependent vasodilation. 2. The amounts of emodin were 0.063% and 0.076% in ERU and ARU, respectable. 3. The 5-HT induced contraction at 10^(-4) were inhibited by 85.2±4.76% and 83.4*8.82% after addition of the 0.lmg/mL. water extract of ERU and ARU. 4. The 5-HT induced contraction at l0^(-3)% were inhibited by 100% after 10^(-3) emodin. Conclusion: In conclusion, vasodilation effect of the water extract of Rheum undulatum L. in rat thoracic aorta was not decreased according to the alcohol processing of Rheum undulatum L.

자궁경부암에서 H-ras의 재배열과 v-mos의 증폭

김재형,함덕상,고복현,김대광 동국대학교 경주대학 1993 東國論集 Vol.12 No.-

Uterine cervical cancer is the most common cancer of woman in Korea. To understand which oncogenes are involved in squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix, author examined nine human tissues of squamous cell carcinomas of the uterine cervix using Southern blotting techniques for five known oncogenes (H-ras, v-mos, erbB2, c-myc, K-ras). One of the nine tumors demonstrated a rearrangement of the H-ras oncogene. And amplification of v-mos was found in three tumors. The other oncogenes(erbB2, c-myc and K-ras) were the same pattern with the control. It is presumed that rearrangement of H-ras and amplifications of v-mos may be concerned to oncogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of uterine cervix.

PRO와 pro에 關한 硏究

김형덕 金烏工科大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.11 No.-

There still remain many things to be explored in Control Theory as one of the modules that constitute Universal Grammar. The purpose of this study is to probe Control Theory in connection with proper placement of PRO and pro. As for Korean, there have been two arguments : one is for the existence fo both PRO and pro, and the other is for the existence of pro alone. The former lacks explanatory adequacy in that the criteria for the distiction are not clear. Thus, this study takes the latter argument for the following reason : in order to accept the occurrence of PRO in korean, it must meet with Binding Conditions (A) and (B). But it should not be bound within the governing category and it must have the binder outside of it, For instance: in Mija-nin Sooni-eke [e tola-ol-kis-il] yaksokha-assta. (Mija promised Sooni to return) The empty category is interpreted as Mija and it must be pro, Sooni cannot C-command the subject of tola-o-ta since Sooni is in the postpositional phrase. The noun phrase with postposition eke cannot C-command the NP within embedded sentence. If the empty category of embedded sentence is PRO, and anaphor must be bound within Binding Condition(A). Therefore, PRO in the subject of embedded sentence does not meet the conditions within the theory.

掌葉大黃이 白鼠의 胸部大動脈 血管弛緩에 미치는 影響

김형환,구본식,박수연,안덕균,최호영,박성규 대한본초학회 2002 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

Objectives : We have examined the relaxational response to the water extract of Rheum palmatum L. in isolated thoracic aorta from sprague dawley (SD) rat in the presence and absence of endothelium. Methods : Rat thoracic aorta was investigated in vessel segments suspended for isometric tension recording by polygraph. Responses to Rhizoma Rhei were investigated in vessels precontracted with 5-hydroxytryptamine. We found that the thoracic aorta segments responded to the water extract of Rheum palmatum L. (ERP) with a dose-dependent vasorelaxation. Results : We found that 1. The thoracic aorta segments responded to ERP with a dose-dependent vasodilation. 2. The 5-HT induced contraction at 10^-4M were inhibited by 85.8% after addition of the 0.1 g/mL water extract of ERP. 3. The 5-HT induced contraction at 10^-4M with and without endothelium were inhibited by 86.4% and 85.8% after addition of the 0.1g/mL ERP. 4. After pre-treatment of the thoracic aorta with 10^-4M N^G-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, the vessels has not response to the contraction. Conclusion : In conclusion, ERP induced relaxation in the isolated rat thoracic aorta were composed of dose-dependent relaxation and it has potent vasodilation.

통제와 의미격 지배

金炯德 金烏工科大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The purpose of this thesis is to present a structural notion called thematic-government ('th-government') and show that Binding Principle based on this notion yields predications about which occurrences of PRO in English must have an antecedent. Infinitives with PRO subjects follow from the Projection Principle of Chomsky(1981). Generally speaking, control is divided into strict control and lax control. Derived nominals and communication predicates(like say) allow PRO to have an antecedent which is entirely determined from context. For PRO is always associated with a particular argument position whether that position is filled in the syntax or not. Non-control predicates allow the interpretation of PRO to be determined entirely on the basis of pragmatic information. This contrasts with the situation with strict control verbs which seem to impose certain semantic roles on PRO. Therefore, this considerations supply some semantic content to the notion of thematic-government. Control theory must account for the distribution of PRO and antecedent-assignment for PRO. We can now define the th-government principle as the follows : Thematic-Governing Category(th-GC) X is the th-GC for y iff x is the minimal category which contains y, a governor of y iff there is one, and a SUBJECT that, iff y is anaphor, is accesible to y. Principle of th-government determines ⓐ whether or not PRO must have an antecedent, and ⓑ what the domain is in which PRO's antecedent must appear if it requires one. Various constructions involving VP, NP, AP-infinitive phrase constructions with PRO subjects are examined in this light. Evidently, this principle will account for NP-trace and Wh-trace as it does for PRO. And, this principle responsible for assigning an antecedent to PRO can be seen to function equally well for overt pronouns and anaphors as well.

水質汚染에 의한 貝類中 重金屬汚染에 관한 國際的 硏究

김형석,김덕만,이기태,Chiba Momoko,Teramoto Keiko 한국환경독성학회 1994 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.9 No.2

The accumulation of heavy metals including Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn and Pb in various organs of shellfish which is the reasonable bio-indicator for hazardous substance contamination on lotic habitats with relatively limited mobility through waterbody was studied. Meretrix petechialis, Scapharca broughtonii, and Scapharca subcerenate from West Coast of Korea and Osaka Bay of Japan were selected to compare heavy metal contamination in adduct muscle, foot muscle, gill, mantle, and visceral organ of marine shellfish. Semisulcospira spp. from various area include West Coast of Korea and Han river were analyzed to compare heavy metal concentration in whole tissues between marine water and fresh water. A regional differences among Hong-chun, Kang-chon, Keum-nahm, Kah-pyung, Seo-rak, and Pal-dang of heavy metal concentration in Semisulcospira gottche was compared. There are significantly differences in mean concentration of Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Pb among organs and species of M. petechialis, S. broughtonii, and S. subcerenate (ANOVA -F=60.31, p<0.001; F=36.88, p<0.001; F=27.78, p<0.001; F=9.39, p<0.001; F=2.91, p<0.001, respectively). The highest mean concentration of Cd with 0.680ppm was observed in gill and the lowest mean concentration of Cd with 0.082ppm was observed in foot muscle. The mean concentration of Cd with 0.349ppm in S. broughtonii was significantly different from other two species with 0.255 and 0.175ppm. Both Cu and Mn were highly accumulated in gill and mantle compare to other organs. Both gill and mantle had significantly different mean Cu concentration with 4.937 and 4.950ppm, respectively compare to both adduct muscle and foot muscle with 2.129 and 2.029ppm, respectively after Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The mean concentration of Cu with 1.900ppm in S. broughtonii was significantly lower then those of other two species. Both Zn and Pb were highly accumulated in gill compare to other organs. The mean concentration of all tested heavy metals except Cu in S. broughtonii were significantly higher than those of other species. There are significantly differences in mean concentration of all tested heavy metal except Cd between whole tissue of marine Semisulcospira spp. and fresh water Semisulcospira spp. Fresh water Semisulcospira spp. had high mean concentrations of Mn, Zn, and Pb while marine Semisulcospira spp. had higher mean concentrations of Cu. The mean concentrations of all tested heavy metals except Pb in Semisulcospira gottche from various area in Han River was significantly different among sites. The mean concentration of Cd in S. gottcheu from Hong-ehun, Cu in S. gottcheu from Kang-chon and Kah -pyung, Mn in S. gottcheu from Kah-pyung and Paldang, and Zn in S. gottcheu from Pal -dang was higher than those of other sites.

環境犯罪에 대한 效率的인 刑事制裁

金炯德 順天大學校 1991 論文集 人文社會科學篇 Vol.10 No.-

In our country, the countermeasure against environmental pollution mainly has depended upon the administrative regulation and the sanction against environmental crime has been executed primarily to ensure the efficiency of environmental administration. But in general view of the foreign countries, it is the criminal law that generally copes with the serious environmental crime. This paper aims to regulate the environmental pollution in the viewpoint of environmental crime. For that purpose, first, I attempt to reveal the basic problems of environmental crime. Second, the practical enforcement of the environmental criminal law is examined deeply. In conclusion, it is desirable to recognize the independence of environmental crime and criminal law and prescribe them in the penal code. The environmental crime should be coped with by the efficient measures. For that, the environmental crime should be dealt with in the same way of denting with the traditional and typical crime and the strict prosecution should be carried out. And our people's continual concern as well as the cooperation between the environmental administrative agencies and investigation facilities is needed above all.

실과 체험 학습의 방향 탐색

김형균,이성덕 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 2001 實科敎育硏究 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this study was to review the direction of experience learning of practical arts education based on the theories of experiential learning. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1.As result of reviewing literature, the concept of experiential learning, experiential learning and its related education theory, four model of experiential learning were discussed. 2.Experiential Learning of Practical Arts Education should be conceived as a process, not in terms of outcomes. Experiential learning is described as a process whereby concepts are derived from and continuously modified by experience. 3.Experiential learning of Practical Arts Education should be a continuous process based in experience. experiential learning is a continuous process based in experience has important educational significance. 4.Experiential Learning of Practical Arts Education should be demanded the resolution of conflicts between dialectically opposed style of adaptation to the world. New knowledge, skill, or attitudes are achieved through confrontation among four modes(concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, active experimentation) of experimentation. 5.Experiential Learning of Practical Arts Education should be an holistic process of adaptation to the world. when experiential Learning is conceived as a holistic adaptive process, it provides conceptual bridges across life situations such as school and work, portraying learning as a continuous, life process. 6.Experiential Learning of Practical Arts Education should be involved dealings between the person and the environment. 7.Experiential Learning of Practical Arts Education should be the process of creating knowledge.

자원봉사자들의 탈북자 지원 경험 분석 : 설문결과를 중심으로

강성록,김형중,윤덕룡,전우택,민성길 연세대학교 통일연구원 2001 통일연구 Vol.5 No.1

Objectives: Since 1994, the number of North Korean defectors, escaping North Korea and entering South Korea, has in creased rapidly.The Government has provided most of te support for the defectors' adaptation to their new society.But as the number of defectors has increased, and the support needs have become more various, the support of volunteers from non-governmental organization(NGO) has become very important.To raise the level of the success and effectiveness of the support from the volunteers, their experiences were surveyed and analyzed. Methods: This study surveyed 83 volunteers of 7 NGOs involved in helping North Korean defectors' adaptation to South Korean society-48 men and 34 women. Results: In their relationships with defectors, women volunteers have more difficulties in their first 3 months.However volunteers in their 50s and 60s tend to have more stable and better relationships with defectors than younger volunteers.Many volunteers statedexperiences of human difficulties with defectors, for example, mistrust and anxiety in human relationship (n=34, 41.0%), psychological maladjustment(n=19, 22.9%), different ways of thinking and culture(n=17, 20.5%), economic difficulties(n=10, 12.0%), and lack of independence spirit(n=6, 7.2%).The volunteers said they have feelings of goddwill toward defectors when defectors showed warm heart(n=30, 36.1%), politeness(n=30, 36.1%), positive and active character (n=24, 28.9%), strong will(n=17, 20.5%), and plainness (n=14, 16.0%).The volunteers stated an absence of goodwill feelings to defectors when defectors showed uncompromising and aggressive attitudes (n=29, 34.9%), lack of independent will (n=28, 33.7%), selfishness (n=18, 21.7%), and avoidance of making human relationship (n=16, 19.3%).as for adequate training before commencing activity, 5 volunteers(6.0%) said they had received enough education before their activity, 31(37.3%) relatively enough, 38 (45.8%) relatively not enough, and 9 (10.8%) absolutely not enough education.If they were the owners of al company, 27 volunteers (51.9%) sanid they would want to thire defectors even if the defectors did not have the required ability. Conclusion: These results showed that NGO's volunteers have a friendlier attitude to defectors than policemen n charge and public officials, which is their strong point.Women volunteers experience more difficulties in their early relationships with defectors, suggesting the need for a specific pre-education program for women volunteers.Furthermore, NGOs would benefit from an increase in the number of volunteers in their 50's and 60's.Both volunteers and defectors need to understand each othe to a deeprer extent and the characteristics to which South Korean volunteers feel goodwill need to be used n their education.