초등학생들의 열과 온도에 대한 대안개념 조사

최행숙,김은경,백성혜,이길재,정완호 한국교원대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 청람과학교육연구논총 Vol.11 No.1

In this study, the contents of elementary school science textbooks related to 'heat and temperature' are analyzed and alternative conceptions of "heat and temperature" among students enrolled in grades 4, 5 and 6 are investigated. 259 students were selected from a elementary school located in urban area. The relationships between students' alternative conceptions and the content of elementary science textbooks are also examined. Students' conceptions are analyzed from their answers to a paper-and-pencil test. The typical alternative conception of "heat and temperature" held by students was follows. They think that "heat" is a material and "temperature" is value of heat amount. They can't distinguish between "heat" and "temperature". Their explanation of "heat and temperature" is focused on hot or cool sensation and other observable characteristics of a material. A textbook analysis indicated that contents on "heat and temperature" were organized without the viewpoint of particle motion theory. This may be one of the causes of students' alternative conceptions.

小兒腎症候群에 關한 臨床的 觀察

金幸美,李昌浩,具滋薰,安斗洪 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1980 慶北醫大誌 Vol.21 No.2

著者는 지난 3年間 慶北醫大 附屬病院小兒科에 入院하였던 特發性腎症候群 患兒 38名을 對象으로 臨床症狀, steroid療法에의 反應度, 豫後에 영항을 미치는 要因, 再發樣狀等을 觀祭하였으며 steroid 療法에 不良한 反應을 보인 17名에서는 經皮的腎生檢을 시행하였다. 또한 9名에서는 methylprednisolone의 "pulse" therapy, 5名에서는 cytoxan을 使用하여 아래와 같은 結果를 얻었다. 發病年齡은 3~7歲가 16名(42%)으로 가장 많았고 男兒 28各, 女兒 10名으로 男女比 約 3:1로 男兒가 많았다. 初發 및 再發時의 臨床症狀은 심한 全身浮腫이 71.1%, 腹水 및 胸腔渗出液이 65.8%, 胃腸障碍가 47.4%에서 觀察되었으며, 初期 steroid療法으로 完全寬解를 보인 경우는 14名(37.8%), 部分的寬解 17名(46%), 不良한 反應을 보인 경우는 6名(16.2%)였으며 20名(57.1%)에서 2週以內에 利尿의 招來 및 蛋白尿 消失을 보였다. 腎炎所見은 全例에 있어서 血尿 21.6%, 高血壓 10.8%. 및 窒素血症 24.3%로서 steroid 療法에 不良한 反應을 보인 患兒들에게서 높은 頻度를 나타내었으며, 1年以上 追跡觀察된 21各中 9名(43%)에서 첫 1年以內에 再發이 있었고 再發例의 約 半數에서 上氣道感染이 동반되었다. 17名에서 施行한 腎組織檢査 所見은 minimal change 8例, membranoproliferative glomeruloneph ritis 및 membranous glomerulopathy 各 3例, focal segmental sclerosis 1例 및 focal proliferative glomerulonephritis 2例로서 男女比는 13:4였다. 이 중 steroid 療法에 反應이 좋지 않았던 9各에 있어서 methylprednisolone의 "pulse" therapy를 시행한 結果 5名에게는 檢査所見의 현저한 好轉 및 再發이 없어지는 등의 成果를 얻었으며, 또한 cytoxan을 使用한 5名中 2名에서 完金寬解가 있었다. 같은 期間 동안 入院하였던 急性絲球體腎炎 患兒 54名中 6名에서 二次性腎症候群이 병발되었으며, 또한 1日 2gm/㎡ 以上의 多重의 蛋白尿는 急性絲球 體腎炎 6名 및 心不全症 2名에서 觀察되었다. A clinical observation was done on 38 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, who had been admitted to our pediatric department during 2 years and 9 months period, from January 1978 to September 1980. The following results were obtained: At the beginning of illness. 42% were in the age group of 3-7 year, and male to female ratio was approximately 3:1 of male preponderance. During initial attack and subsequnt relapses, pitting edema on extremities was noticed in all cases, followed in frequency by generalized edema in 71%, ascites and/or pleural effusion in 65.8% and GI trouble in 47.4%. Response to initial continuous steroid therapy showed complete remission(group 4) in 37.8%, partial remission (group 2&3) in 46% and no response (group 1) in 16.2%. Within 2 weeks after institution of steroid therapy, both diuresis and disappearance of proteinuria were noted in 57.1%. Nephritic manifestations, eg. hematuria, hypertension & azotemia, were seen in 21.6%, 10.8%, 24.3% respectively, and the majority of children with these manifestation showed poor response to steroid therapy. Nine out of 21 patients in whom follow-up could be done over 1 year, experienced one or more relapses, giving 43% relapse rate during the 1st year, and URI was accompanied in about half of these episodes. Percutaneous renal biopsy done on 17 patients who showed steroid dependency, or no response to poor response toward steroid therapy showed the following results: Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in 8, membranous nephropathy in 3, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in 3, focal segmental sclerosis in 1 and focal proliferative glomerulonephritis in 2. And male to female ratio was 13:4. "Pulse therapy" with bolus dosage of methylprednisolone was tried on 9 patients, resulting in disappearance of relapse, or significant improvement in blood chemistry & urinary finding in 5. And 2 out of 5 patients in whom immunosuppressant therapy with cytoxan was given due to poor response to steroid, experienced complete remission. During the same study period, secondary nephrotic syndrome was observed in 6 out of 54 patients with acute glomerulonephritis, and heavy proteinuria alone, defined as proteinuria over 2gm/㎡ day, was seen in 6 patients with acute glomerulonephrits and 2 patients with congestive heairt failure.

반향 제거 회로 설계

권병우,이행우,유인호 호남대학교 정보통신연구소 1992 정보통신연구 Vol.1 No.-

본 논문은 U-트랜시버 내의 반향제거 회로를 설계하였다. 선로부호로 2B1Q 코드와 계수보정 회로에 대하여 sign 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 이 회로는 선형, 비선형 반향성분을 모두 제거할 수 있도록 설계하였으며, 약 65dB 이상의 반향제거 효과를 나타낸다. It is presented that this paper is described about a design of the echo cancelling circuit in the U-transceiver chip. The circuit can cancel the linear, non-linear echo signal, and record measure of echo cancelling about 65dB.

위 악성종양에 대한 위전절제술의 임상적 고찰

남궁환,박호철,윤충,주흥재,이행철,이양삼 경희대학교 1996 慶熙醫學 Vol.12 No.3-4

보육과 현장중심 교육과정 개발 : DACUM법을 중심으로 Based on the DACUM Method

김정신,노은호,이행숙,정해은,조희진 한국영유아보육학회 2004 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.36

The quality of childhood educare teacher is the most important element in evaluation of the quality of childhood educare. However, the current curricula for the childhood educare in colleges are operated individually without a standard curriculum and there are many problems in the certification system of childhood educare teacher. So, it is hard to discuss about the specialty of the childhood educare teachers. Hence, an immediate development of a standard curriculum which fully reflect the needs of the field is necessary to meet the demand of the times and to enhance the quality of childhood educare service by producing qualified teachers. To fulfill the aforementioned needs, the procedure of the DACUM Method which is useful in developing vocational training course is used in this study. And based on the results, a field centered curriculum of the Dept. Child Care and Education is developed by the job analysis of the childhood educare teachers and by collecting the needs of the field. Educare planning and activities, development and evaluation of the educare program, consultation and education of the family, utilization of the regional resources, and after-class guidance of the children were found to be the principal jobs of the childhood educare teachers.

동결견(凍結肩) 환자의 동서협진 치료의 임상효과 비교연구 : 견관절 가동운동범위(ROM) 변화를 중심으로

남동우,김행범,양동훈,임사비나,김건식,이두익,이재동,최도영,이윤호 경희대학교 동서의학연구소 2006 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2006 No.-

Objectives : To establish an effective collaborate medicine treatment of acupuncture and western medicine for treating frozen shoulder patients. Methods : 59 voluntary patients were randomly assigned to Eastern treatment group(E group, n=22), Western treatment group(W group, n=17) and East-West treatment group(EW group, n=20). The E group received acupuncture treatment on LI15, TE14, GB21 and Master Dong's acupuncture points, Shin-gwan and Gyun-joong, twice a week for 4 weeks. The W group received suprascapular nerve block, subacromial injection and trigger point injection, twice a week for 4 weeks. The EW group received acupuncture and injection treatment including nerve block. All groups were instructed to practice self exercise during their daily lives. Evaluations were made before treatment and after treatment based on the change in shoulder Range of Motion(ROM) and the patient's satisfaction concerning the treatment was measured by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). The obtained data were analyzed and compared. Results : The patient's satisfaction scores were E group 5.67, W group 7.73 and EW group 7.67. The E group and the EW group showed significant improvement in abbduction, adduction and flexion(p<0.05). The W group showed significant improvement in adduction(p<0.05). Abduction significantly improved(p<0.05) in the EW group compared to E group and W group. Flexion also showed improvement in the EW group, but the difference among the 3 groups was statistically insignificant. The three group's difference of change in extension and adduction was insignificant(p>0.05). Conclusion : Acupuncture and nerve block alone significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. Also collaborate treatment of acupuncture and nerve block significantly improved ROM in frozen shoulder patients. But the difference of the three treatments were significant only for improving abduction(p<0.05).

Efficacy and safety of ecabet sodium on functional dyspepsia: a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, multi-center controlled trial.

Lee, Jun Haeng,Kim, Jae J,Hahm, Ki-Baik,Lee, Dong Ho,Kim, Nayoung,Kim, Sung Kook,Park, Jong Jae,Choi, Seok Reyol,Lee, Jong Hun,Lee, Soo Teik,Lee, Eun Hyun,Rhee, Jong Chul WJG Press 2006 World journal of gastroenterology Vol.12 No.17

<P>To compare ecabet sodium and cimetidine in relieving symptoms of functional dyspepsia.</P>

Phase Transfer Catalytic Synthesis of β-Lactams from β-Amino Acids

Lee, Young Haeng,Lee, Chai Ho,Chai, Kyu Yun,Cho, In Ho,Chung, Bong Young 圓光大學校 基礎自然科學硏究所 1989 基礎科學硏究誌 Vol.8 No.3

Among a wide variety of coupling reagents developed for the construction of β-lactams from β-amino acids, phase transfer catalytic system utilizing methanesulfonyl chloridequaternary ammonium salts is unique in terms of the small quantity of the slovent employed. This catalytic system continuously maintains the concentration of the β-amino acids in a small quantity of organic solvent so low that it is practically equivalent to the usual high dilution system which requires large quantity of the solvent for the intramolecular cyclization reaction.

Selective Esterification of N-Benzyl-L-aspartic Acid. (II). Synthesis of $\alpha$- and $\beta$-Benzyl Esters of N-Benzyl-L-aspartic Acid

Lee, Chai-Ho,Kim, Il-Kwang,Lee, Young-Haeng,Choi, Won-Sik,Chung, Bong-Young Korean Chemical Society 1987 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.8 No.6

The four different preparative methods of ${\alpha}-benzyl\;and\;{\beta}$-benzyl esters of N-benzyl-L-aspartic acid from L-aspartic acid are described.

Phase transfer Catalytic Synthesis of $\beta$-Lactams from $\beta$-Amino Acids

Lee, Young-Haeng,Lee, Chai-Ho,Chai, Kyu-Yun,Cho, In-Ho,Chung, Bong-Young Korean Chemical Society 1988 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.9 No.6