Research prospects for the role of tourist police in Korea

박세종 한국관광연구학회 2016 관광연구저널 Vol.30 No.4

The study is to review the relationship between tourism and crimes in tourist areas, emerging issues related to convenient tourism for foreign visitors, and the necessity of tourist police. Some suggestions for research prospects related to tourist police are as follows. First, efforts to improve safety and security must be executed at the national level. Also, efforts by the central and local governments are needed to improve safety in areas frequented by foreign tourists. Secondly, police stations need to recognize that tourist police are needed. There must be a comprehensive analysis of necessary countermeasures to various situations that threaten tourist safety and security in specific tourist destinations. Thirdly, the division of labor between tourist police and local police should be clear. This is essential for the effective application of limited manpower and defining responsibilities. Fourthly, by making partnerships with local tourism business associations including hotel/motel, convention and visitor bureaus, and chambers of commerce, the tourist police unit should develop joint programs to prevent crime before it happens. Fifthly, tourists need to be informed and educated on crime prevention by creating websites, brochures/leaflets, and tourist crime bulletins. Lastly, areas patrolled by tourist police should be expanded. Tourism academics should become involved in these issues for further research on tourism and crime.

관광동기가 관광지 이미지와 행동의도에 미치는 영향: 일본홋카이도 방문 한국인 관광객을 중심으로

신포나오미,김주선,함석종 한국호텔관광학회 2017 호텔관광연구 Vol.19 No.3

The purpose of this research is to present marketing polices for development of tourism goods, enhancement of tourist facilities and services to find impact relationships of variables such as tourists' motives, tourist destination images, and tourism behavioral intentions among the tourist behaviors. especially for Korean tourists visiting to Hokkaido in Japan. The survey was conducted on Korean tourists to visit to Hokkaido at tourist spots in Sapporo city, Hokkaido from July 29 to Aug. 7, 2015. 418 of 347 questionnaires were collected and analyzed for the research. Results of testing 3 hypotheses, the 1st and 3rd hypothesis were adopted partly, and 2nd hypothesis was adopted. And applications were suggested as follows. The first, It is necessary that the side of destination develop tourism goods and services variously matching with target market's preferences. The second, Tourism facilities and services in Hokkaido need to enhance and enlarge to accommodate the influx of korean tourists and to match with tourist motives ompact on the destination images. The third, It is necessary that tourist business operators, host community, and local government effort to cooperate for tourists to have good experiences and to satisfy travel needs in Hokkaido, because the finding that destination images impact tourist behavioral intentions.

예비노인과 노인이 지각한 관광목적지로서의 경상북도의 브랜드자산에 관한 연구

하동현,손삼호 한국항공경영학회 2009 한국항공경영학회지 Vol.7 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between tourist destination brand equity and its antecedents, advertising, tourism price and attributes sought, and the relationship between tourist destination brand equity and its consequences, tourist destination loyalty, and the relationship between antecedents of tourist destination brand equity and tourist destination loyalty, perceived by senior citizen and preliminary senior citizen as tourists. The sampling areas were Gyeongju, Andong and Goryeong. The research findings were first, advertisement, tourism price and attributes sought affected tourist destination brand equity and tourist destination loyalty respectively and second, tourist destination brand equity influenced tourist destination loyalty. Therefore, it can be said that, to attract more tourists, marketers of tourist destinations should create good impressions to senior citizen and preliminary senior citizen as tourists, by advertising, tourism price, and attributes sought, and make them better appreciate components of tourist destination brand equity. Consequently, the better evaluation of tourists on those variables means the more intention of them to revisit a particular destination. It is concluded that if local governments take practical actions based on the results of this study to enhance their own brand equity, they could expect various positive outcomes on their destination marketing.

Effects of Tourist Destination Choice Attributes on Perceived Value and Tourism Satisfaction at Geochang Changpowon: Moderating Effect of Tourist Prior Knowledge

정지희,신재익 한국인터넷전자상거래학회 2023 인터넷전자상거래연구 Vol.23 No.2

The tourism industry policies of local governments have been linked to events in each region, but over time, tourists have come to a situation where they may not feel the differentiation or attractiveness of tourist destinations. Recently, local governments are investing in eco-friendly waterside ecological parks to revitalize the local economy. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence relationship between tourist destination choice attributes(attractiveness, convenience, and experientiality), perceived value, and satisfaction, and to analyze the moderating effect of tourists’ prior knowledge at the tourist destination of a local waterside ecological. 462 questionnaires were used for the final analysis, and AMOS 21.0 was employed to analyze the measurement model and path model. As a result of the empirical analysis, first, the attractiveness, convenience, and experientiality of the tourist destination choice attributes have a positive effect on perceived value. Second, attractiveness, convenience, experientiality, and perceived value have a positive effect on satisfaction. Third, the moderating effect of tourists’ prior knowledge in the relationship between tourist destination choice attributes and perceived value is not significant at the of 0.05. Fourth, the moderating effect of tourists’ prior knowledge in the relationship between tourist destination choice attributes and satisfaction is partially significant at 0.05 and 0.01. It is shown that a tourist destination choice attribute-perceived value-tourism satisfaction model is possible. It can be seen that the role of tourist destination choice attributes is important in increasing tourism satisfaction and perceived value. However, the moderating effect of tourism prior knowledge is partially significant, showing that it is possible to play a certain role in improving tourism satisfaction and perceived value.

방한 일본인의 여행상품에 대한 서비스품질이 여행자만족 및 애호도에 미치는 영향

정삼권(Sam Kwon Jung),민혜성(Hye Sung Min),변정우(Jung Woo Byun) 한국호텔외식관광경영학회 2010 호텔경영학연구 Vol.19 No.1

This research is conducted to examine if the service quality of a tourism product has a direct influence on the role of tourist guides, tourist satisfaction and loyalty and if the role of a tourist guide has a catalystic effect on tourist satisfaction and loyalty. The research results are the following. First, the service quality of a tourism product has a considerable effect on the role of tourist guides, tourist satisfaction and loyalty. Second, the role of a tourist guide is shown to have a considerable effect on tourist satisfaction and loyalty. Third, the study shows that the role of tourist guides has partial catalytic effects on the service quality of tourism product, tourist satisfaction and loyalty. The implications of this research are the following: First, Japanese tourists visiting Korea mostly in package tours are mainly around 30~50. Therefore, we need to plan diverse products fitting the age group to promote Korean tourist products as a marketing strategy. Secondly, it was shown that their visit to Korea was mostly their first or second time visit. This result shows that there are still many tourists who have never visited Korea before. Thus there is a need for governmental interest and investment in order to notify and leave an impression about Korea to the visitors. Thirdly, there is a need for detailed market analyzation on the Japanese tourists(both individual and groups) who visit Korea. It is important to have them visit because we are attractive, not because of the fact that we are so near by. Finally, the tourist guides` role has direct influence and catalytic effects on Japanese tourist satisfaction other than the service quality of tourism product in Korea. Therefore the government and tourism organizations need sustaining support to promote good tour products and to educate tourist guides for their better service to the tourists.

Analysis of the Quality of Foreign Tourists to Indonesia

DIRGANTARA, Satria,AGUSTINA, Neli Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 Asian journal of business environment Vol.12 No.3

Purpose: This research aims to analyze the quality and characteristics of foreign tourists to Indonesia. Research design, data and methodology: The indicator used to see the quality of foreign tourists is their expenditure while in Indonesia. The data used is secondary data and the statistical analysis used is panel data regression to see the effect of Economic Distance, GDP per capita, Average Length of Stay and Exchange Rate on the quality of Foreign Tourists from 2010 to 2019. Results: Foreign tourists to Indonesia are dominated by young tourists, male and stay about 8.87 days. Their expenditure is relatively low, mostly spent on accommodation, food and beverage. The variables of average length of stay, exchange rate, economic distance, and GDP per capita have a significant and positive effect on the quality of foreign tourists to Indonesia. Conclusions: The number of foreign tourists visiting Indonesia in 2010-2019 tends to increase where the majority of tourists come from countries that are geographically close to Indonesia, young tourists, and male. The quality of tourists in terms of spending is still relatively low. The characteristics of foreign tourists and economic indicators used in the study have a positive effect on improving the quality of tourists.

TOURIST INNOVATIVENESS & ETHICAL TOURIST BEHAVIOR

Alexandra Ganglmair-Wooliscroft,Ben Wooliscroft 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7

Ethical consumption, including ethical tourist behavior, is of growing importance to governments, companies and consumers and consumers increasingly act accordingly (Sheth, Sethia, & Srinivas, 2010). Most ethical tourist behaviors conform to service industry characteristics, being intangible, heterogeneous and fusing production and consumption. Adopting ethical tourist behaviors (ETBs) requires activities, practices or ideas that consumers perceive as new, components that are key characteristics of innovations (Goldsmith, d’Hauteville, & Flynn, 1998; Rogers & Shoemaker, 1971). Studies frequently explore environmentally friendly behavior of a specific tourist segment - existing eco-tourists (Dolnicar, Laesser, & Matus, 2010) and limit their focus to environmental issues. In line with the World Tourism Organization’s conceptualization that highlights the importance of environmental, cultural and sociological aspects (http://ethics.unwto.org/en/content/global-code-ethics-tourism), this research uses the term ethical tourist behavior and investigates the concept using a sample of ordinary tourists. Consumer innovativeness has been defined as the “degree to which an individual is relatively earlier in adopting an innovation than other members of his system” (Rogers and Shoemaker, 1971, p. 27). Innovativeness, the propensity to adopt, is focusing on an individual’s behavior relative to other people in a population (Goldsmith & Hofacker, 1991; Im, Bayus, & Mason, 2003). Diffusion of innovation, investigating the spread of an innovation through the population, is frequently modeled using an S-curve (Rogers, 1995). ETB includes a wide range of activities with the behavior expected to be cumulative; for example somebody who chooses to stay in tourist accommodations with environmental certification is also likely to recycle. Cumulative patterns fit the Rasch Model (RM) (Rasch 1960/80). Well established in education and psychology, the model gains increasing attention in marketing (for example Ewing, Salzberger, & Sinkovics, 2005; Ganglmair-Wooliscroft & Wooliscroft, 2013; Salzberger & Koller, 2013; Wooliscroft, Ganglmair-Wooliscroft, & Noone, 2014). The probabilistic RM is based on a mathematically elegant equation (Bond & Fox, 2007), specifying that people who undertake more extreme ethical tourist behavior will also have a higher probability of engaging in (and subsequently agreeing to or endorsing a) comparably easier ethical tourist behavior. Item Characteristic Curves (Bond & Fox, 2007) embody the theoretical curve for an item’s endorsability. If empirical answer patterns follow the theoretical curve (and a number of other fit statistics are satisfactory) the item fits requirements of the Rasch Model. This study develops an ETB hierarchy and explores parallels between characteristics of Rasch Modelling (Rasch, 1960/80) and the Adoption of Innovation (Rogers, 1995). Additionally, the study explores variables influencing the level of ETB, representing actualized ethical tourist innovativeness. The final ETB hierarchy contains of 27 ethical tourist behaviors that relate to a wide range of holidays. Using a cross-sectional sample of 322 respondents, representative of the population, the research finds that ethical tourist behavior diffuses through the population in a structured, ordered sequence, providing support for parallels between the Diffusion of Innovation Model (Rogers, 1995) and Rasch Model’s ICC characteristics. Most respondents undertake only a small range of ethical tourist behaviors, indicating that many ethical issues are at a very early stage of the diffusion process. The level of ethical tourist behavior adaption – operationalized through respondent’s position on the ETB hierarchy is influenced by high importance of universalism, age and gender.

생태관광지 방문객의 행태와 태도: 순천만습지와 순천만국가정원을 사례로

이정록,박종천 한국경제지리학회 2016 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.19 No.2

After holding the ICEXPO 2013, the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve and Suncheon Bay National Garden in Suncheon city are becoming a famous ecological tourist place in national wide. This study investigates the tourists behavior visited to the Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve and Suncheon Bay National Garden. Data are collected from 540 tourists from April to October 2015. Results of the study showed that tourists living at Gwangju & Chonnam provinces are 38.4% of total; one-day tourists, 20~40 aging tourist group, and internet using for destination informations, accounts for about 75.2%, 72.6%, and 44.8% respectively, of total tourists; tourists’ motivation and purpose are related to natural landscape watching and family travel; tourists satisfaction for destination are very high, and particularly in the spring; 30% of total in tourism expenditure amount per capita ranges from 50,000 to 100,000 won; mount of tourists expenditure are not so much. 전남 순천시에 있는 순천만습지와 순천만국가정원은 2013순천만국제정원박람회 개최 이후 우리나라의 대표적인 생태관광지로 각광을 받고 있다. 이 연구는 순천만습지와 순천만국가정원을 관람한 방문객의 관광행태를 분석한것이다. 순천만습지와 순천만국가정원은 봄보다는 가을에 집중하였고 10월이 1위를 차지하였다. 관광객 거주지는 광주·전남지역이 상대적으로 많았으며, 20~40대의 젊은 연령층(72.6%)이 다수를 차지하였다. 숙박보다 1일 관광객 비중(75.2%)이 많았으며, 자연경관 감상과 가족여행이 주요 관광동기였다. 관광정보는 인터넷을 주로 이용하였고, 가을철에 공원을 재방문하기를 선호하였으며, 순천만습지에 대한 선호도(71.1%)가 높았다. 관광만족도는 전체적으로 매우높았으며, 춘계 관광객의 만족도가 가장 높았다. 관광객의 1인당 평균 소비지출금액은 5~10만 원(30%)이 다수를 차지하였으며, 순천지역에서 소비하는 지출액은 그렇게 많지 않았다.

관광지 사진이 관광의도에 미치는 영향: 광주, 전남을 대상으로

김영진(Young-Jin Kim),임연우(Yeon-Woo Lim) 한국산학기술학회 2022 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.23 No.3

사진은 기록의 한 부분으로 객관적 진실을 보여준다. 이러한 중요성으로 인하여 다양한 분야에서 사진자료를 수집하고 보관하고 있다. 이는 관광부분에서도 무관하지 않다. 그러나 유형 제품에 이용되는 사진연구보다 관광학의 사진연구는 그 중요성에 비해 연구가 적은 편이다. 따라서 관광객이 원하는 관광지 사진요인을 정리하는 연구가 필요하다. 이에 이 연구는 관광객이 선호하는 관광지 사진이 관광의도에 미치는 영향을 조사하고, 관광지 광고사진 사례연구를 하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 관광지와 관광객의 시각적 소통을 위한 시사점을 도출하고자 한다. 연구결과, 선호하는 관광지 사진 요인 중 ‘바다’에 관련된 사진이 관광의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 관광지 사진에 대한 사례연구에서는 일부 관광지가 바다를 이용하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 시사점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 지역 정체성에 문제가 되지 않는 범위 내에서 바다를 주제로 한 관광지 사진을 이용한 광고 · 홍보가 필요해 보인다. 둘째, 리아스식 해안 특징을 강조한 관광지 사진이 필요하다. 셋째, 다양한 주제의 사진을 결합한 사진을 지역관광 광고사진으로 이용할 것을 제안한다. Photographs depict objective truth, and thus, photographic data are collected and stored in various fields. This practice is not irrelevant in terms of tourism. However, photographic research in tourism is less utilized than on tangible products. Therefore, research is needed to identify photographic factors of tourist attractions that tourists prefer. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of tourist-preferred photos of tourist attractions on tourist intention and to conduct a case study of photographs that advertise tourist attractions. Our intention was to identify photographic features of tourist destinations that visually appeal to tourists. We found that tourist destination photographs related to the "sea" influenced tourism intentions. Case studies on tourist destinations have shown that some tourist destinations use photographs of the sea. Based on our results, we make the following recommendations. First, if possible, tourist attractions should be promoted using pictures of sea-themed attractions. Second, photographs of tourist destinations should emphasize coast features. Third, photographs of aspects of local tourism should be utilized.

TOURIST INNOVATIVENESS & ETHICAL TOURIST BEHAVIOR

Alexandra Ganglmair-Wooliscroft,Ben Wooliscroft 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.1

Ethical consumption, including ethical tourist behavior, is of growing importance to governments, companies and consumers and consumers increasingly act accordingly (Sheth, Sethia, & Srinivas, 2010). Most ethical tourist behaviors conform to service industry characteristics, being intangible, heterogeneous and fusing production and consumption. Adopting ethical tourist behaviors (ETBs) requires activities, practices or ideas that consumers perceive as new, components that are key characteristics of innovations (Goldsmith, d’Hauteville, & Flynn, 1998; Rogers & Shoemaker, 1971). Studies frequently explore environmentally friendly behavior of a specific tourist segment - existing eco-tourists (Dolnicar, Laesser, & Matus, 2010) and limit their focus to environmental issues. In line with the World Tourism Organization’s conceptualization that highlights the importance of environmental, cultural and sociological aspects (http://ethics.unwto.org/en/content/global-code-ethics-tourism), this research uses the term ethical tourist behavior and investigates the concept using a sample of ordinary tourists. Consumer innovativeness has been defined as the “degree to which an individual is relatively earlier in adopting an innovation than other members of his system” (Rogers and Shoemaker, 1971, p. 27). Innovativeness, the propensity to adopt, is focusing on an individual’s behavior relative to other people in a population (Goldsmith & Hofacker, 1991; Im, Bayus, & Mason, 2003). Diffusion of innovation, investigating the spread of an innovation through the population, is frequently modeled using an S-curve (Rogers, 1995). ETB includes a wide range of activities with the behavior expected to be cumulative; for example somebody who chooses to stay in tourist accommodations with environmental certification is also likely to recycle. Cumulative patterns fit the Rasch Model (RM) (Rasch 1960/80). Well established in education and psychology, the model gains increasing attention in marketing (for example Ewing, Salzberger, & Sinkovics, 2005; Ganglmair-Wooliscroft & Wooliscroft, 2013; Salzberger & Koller, 2013; Wooliscroft, Ganglmair-Wooliscroft, & Noone, 2014). The probabilistic RM is based on a mathematically elegant equation (Bond & Fox, 2007), specifying that people who undertake more extreme ethical tourist behavior will also have a higher probability of engaging in (and subsequently agreeing to or endorsing a) comparably easier ethical tourist behavior. Item Characteristic Curves (Bond & Fox, 2007) embody the theoretical curve for an item’s endorsability. If empirical answer patterns follow the theoretical curve (and a number of other fit statistics are satisfactory) the item fits requirements of the Rasch Model. This study develops an ETB hierarchy and explores parallels between characteristics of Rasch Modelling (Rasch, 1960/80) and the Adoption of Innovation (Rogers, 1995). Additionally, the study explores variables influencing the level of ETB, representing actualized ethical tourist innovativeness. The final ETB hierarchy contains of 27 ethical tourist behaviors that relate to a wide range of holidays. Using a cross-sectional sample of 322 respondents, representative of the population, the research finds that ethical tourist behavior diffuses through the population in a structured, ordered sequence, providing support for parallels between the Diffusion of Innovation Model (Rogers, 1995) and Rasch Model’s ICC characteristics. Most respondents undertake only a small range of ethical tourist behaviors, indicating that many ethical issues are at a very early stage of the diffusion process. The level of ethical tourist behavior adaption - operationalized through respondent’s position on the ETB hierarchy is influenced by high importance of universalism, age and gender.