마을기업 지속가능성에 관한 주관적 인식 유형 연구

박임수,박하윤 한국주관성연구학회 2023 주관성연구 Vol.- No.64

This study analyzed the subjective perception types of community enterprise sustainability held by community enterprise operators, employees, and officials by applying Q methodology. Community enterprises introduced in 2011 have achieved quantitative growth through an introduction and expansion period, but have reached a point where discussions on sustainability have begun to determine whether community enterprises can achieve their original purpose and be maintained in the future. Nevertheless, as research on community enterprise sustainability is still minimal, this study sheds lights on providing implications for future policies and operations by typifying the perception of community enterprise sustainability. As a result of the analysis, the sustainability of community enterprises was recognized as differentiated into three types depending on the differences in attitudes toward the immediate situation or conditions faced by community enterprises. Type 1, which shows a positive attitude toward the environment surrounding community businesses, is market-oriented; Type 2, which shows a neutral attitude, is community-oriented; and Type 3, which shows a somewhat pessimistic attitude, is oriented toward government support and is aware of sustainability. It was found that these research results imply that internal changes in community businesses, such as strengthening business and community spirit, are important, but the government, including systems and policies, also needs to change consistently and in a direction to improve sustainability.

A Study on the Characteristics of Spontaneous Mathematics Teacher Community According to Development Process, Aims of Activities

( Oh Nam Kwon ),( Hyung Mi Cho ),( Jung Eun Yoon ) 한국수학교육학회 2014 수학교육 학술지 Vol.2014 No.2

The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of spontaneous mathematics teacher community by reviewing diverse materials and interviewing community members. In this study, the case for the spontaneous community was “The Korean Society of Teaches of Mathematics”, which is a predominant community. KSTM has been growing to an enormous community since it was founded on 1995. The data collection methods were in-depth interviews about 6 community members including community leaders, community founder, and content analysis about periodical, artifacts uploaded by community members. The research results describe the development process of KSME as a community of practice for teachers. The development process was categorized into the four stages: incubation stage, integration stage, maturation stage, and maintenance stage. Finally based on the research results about the development process, the study proposed some implications about the supportive strategies in cultivating spontaneous communities of practice for teachers` knowledge sharing and expertise development.

강원지역 백두대간 천연림의 군집분류 및 천이경향 -향로봉, 오대산, 석병산, 두타산, 덕항산, 함백산 등을 중심으로-

황광모,이정민,김지홍 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2012 농업생명과학연구 Vol.46 No.4

On the basis of vegetation data collected by point-centered quarter method in analysis in Baekdudaegan of Gangwon province in the area of Hyangrobong, Odaesan, Seokbyeongsan, Dutasan, Deokhangsan and Hambaeksan, the study was carried out to classify forest communities and to evaluate the successional trends. The classification method of cluster analysis was used to make various disordered forests into several common groups for 1,004 sample points all together. By clustering the forests in the six study areas were classified into 28 forest communities, which were subjected to aggregate 8 representative forest communities on the count of species composition and species diversity. They were Mesophytic mixed forest community, others deciduous forest community, Quercus mongolica (dominant) community, Q. mongolica (pure) community, Pinus densiflora - Q. mongolica community, P. densiflora community, Betula ermanii community and Q. mongolica - Pinus koraiensis community. The ecological outlook from the result indicated that P. densiflora community and P. densiflora – Q. mongolica community, which were located in Seokbyeongsan, Dutasan and Deokhangsan around 1,000m above the sea level showed lower species diversity index. On the contrary Mesophytic mixed forest community, others deciduous forest community which was located in Hyangrobong, Odaesan and Hambaeksan mostly in protected area and national park around 1,500m above the sea level displayed higher species diversity index. As the composition ratio of Q. mongolica within a certain community was decreased, the species diversity was generally increased, assumed that abundance of Q. mongolica might be negatively associated with species diversity in the national deciduous forest. 본 연구는 강원지역 백두대간 천연림의 군집분류와 천이경향을 추정하기 위해 점표본법을 이용하여 향로봉, 오대산, 석병산, 두타산, 덕항산, 함백산 등 총 6개 지역에서 식생조사를 실시하였다. 조사된 식생자료를 바탕으로 Cluster 분석을 이용하여 6개 지역 총 28개의 군집으로 분류하였으며 군집의 속성을 밝히기 위해 수종구성과 종다양성을 분석하였다. 분류된 28개 군집의 상층 수종구성을 바탕으로 군집의 이름을 명명하였고, 이들 군집을 중생혼합림, 기타활엽수림, 신갈나무군집, 신갈나무림, 소나무-신갈나무군집, 소나무림, 거제수나무군집, 신갈나무-잣나무군집등 총 8개의 산림유형으로 집약하였다. 종다양성지수가 낮은 소나무림, 소나무-신갈나무군집 등은 석병산, 두타산, 덕항산 등과 같이 해발고도 1,000 m 내외의 낮은 지형의 백두대간에 위치하였다. 종다양성지수가 높게 나타난 중생혼합림, 기타활엽수림 등은 향로봉, 오대산, 함백산 등과 같이 해발고도 1,400 m 내외의 비교적 높은 백두대간에 위치하였다. 천연활엽수림 내 신갈나무의 구성비율이 증가함에 따라 종다양성지수가 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었다.

에너지 공유 및 거래를 위한 커뮤니티단위계획 수립 방안 연구

엄지영,이민형,최경석 한국생활환경학회 2023 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.30 No.6

In the energy and building sector, various energy policies are being promoted in relation to carbon neutrality, including energy independence, sharing, and participation based on building energy reduction and the use of renewable energy sources. Energy independence and sharing to realize a zero energy community are achieved through sharing and trading energy. Community refers to the extent to which physical, spatial, and social environments are shared based on locality. Community energy has different energy supply and demand and surplus energy generation depending on the type, characteristics, and configuration method of the buildings and systems that make up the community. In this study, community types are divided into six types by reviewing domestic laws and cases of community establishment and operation at home and abroad. In addition, the basic procedure for establishing an energy community unit plan and a plan for organizing community energy demand and supply sources are derived and proposed. The energy community is expected to have effects such as carbon reduction by saving energy and improving the energy independence rate of the entire community and individual buildings within the community.

주한미군과 주둔지 주변 지역사회의 관계 (1964~1973년)- 미군 대상 지역사회관계 프로그램 운용을 중심으로 -

금보운 한국사학회 2019 史學硏究 Vol.0 No.133

The Community Relations Program which had been managed by the U.S. Forces was intended to be utilized for operating the U.S. military bases in foreign countries. It means that the U.S. Forces in Korea and the local community relations were not be built accidentally but be constructed intentionally by the Cold War policy of the U.S. This article examines the way to provide the information of the local community to the soldiers and encourage them to participate in community which were included in the Community Relations Program. These could be found in the newspapers which were published by each unit bases of U.S. Forces in Korea. These newspapers provided the local information around the bases to soldiers and let them recognize their duty in that community as the U.S. nationals. In addition, the unit newspapers were expected to contribute to build friendly relationship with the local people by recommending the soldiers to join the local community. Letting the soldiers participate in the local community was regarded as the way to comfort the soldiers who couldn’t be adjusted to life in Korea as well. However, the information which was provided to the soldiers had contained prejudice on Korean society, even it made the indifference of the soldiers on local community worse. Also, these newspapers ignored the conflict between GIs and local people and made the crack on the mutual recognition. Finally, the Community Relations Program, which had been planned for the stable maintenance of the U.S. military bases in Korea, exposed its limitation to build amicable relationship based on sufficient mutual understanding under the neglecting of the Korean Government. 주한미군의 지역사회관계 프로그램은 2차대전 이후 미국이 해외에 배치한 미군기지를 안정적으로 운영하기 위한 방안으로 활용되었다. 주한미군과 지역사회의 관계가 미군기지 주둔을 계기로 우연히 형성된 것이 아니라 미국의 대외정책 수행을 목적으로 계획하에 수립되었던 것이다. 본고는 그간의 연구들이 주한미군의 대민정책으로 주목해왔던 지역사회 프로그램에서 주한미군을 대상으로 한 지역사회 교육활동 및 참여유도 방식을 분석했다. 주한미군을 대상으로 한 지역사회관계 프로그램의 시행 양상은 각 부대에서 발간한 신문을 통해 확인할 수 있다. 부대신문은 주한미군 개개인에게 그들이 주둔하고 있는 지역과 연계된 정보를 제공하고, 지역에서의 임무를 주지시켰다. 이와 더불어 주한미군의 지역사회 참여를 유도하며 우호적인 관계를 형성하게 했다. 주한미군의 지역사회 참여는 한국사회 적응에 어려움을 겪는 병사들을 돕는 방식으로도 주목되었다. 하지만 주한미군에 제공된 지역사회에 대한 정보는 편견을 수반했으며, 오히려 주한미군의 지역사회에 대한 무관심을 심화시켰다. 또한, 우호적인 관계만을 보여주고 실제 갈등은 묵인하면서 지역주민의 미군에 대한 인식과 미군의 지역사회에 대한 인식에 균열을 형성했다. 주한미군의 안정적 운영을 위해 수립된 지역사회관계 프로그램은 한국정부의 무관심 속에서 상호이해를 기반으로 한 관계를 구축하는 데 한계를 드러냈다.

A Case Study of Community Development Projects in Tigray, Ethiopia

도영아,유평준,허민희,이정원,노진원 국제개발협력학회 2023 국제개발협력연구 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: This research aims to suggest a checklist for successful implementation of future community development projects by analyzing three community development projects implemented in the Tigray region of Ethiopia applying Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF). Originality: While there exist various studies dealing with community development programs, there is only few studies that attempt to empirically analyze the positive effects and negative effects of community development programs. Thus, this research intended to empirically examine differences between development theories and practices using three projects that have been implemented in Tigray region. Methodology: Case study was conducted through qualitative research methods such as Key Informant Interview, Focus Group Discussion in analyzing three community development projects implemented in Tigray region of Ethiopia. The elements of each project were analyzed based on 5 assets, strategies, and outcomes of the Sustainable Livelihood Framework(SLF) to evaluate the sustainability of the project. Result: In the Koraro project, community participation in every stage was absent, which weakened the sustainability of the positive outcomes. Second, AbrehaAtsbeha project was community-based, participatory, and integrated, which led to agile implementation. Lastly, in Maymekden and Addis Alem project, meaningful community participation was not made, which resulted in unsustainable outcomes. Based on these results, this study suggests that the success of community development projects depends on factors such as community participation and investments in livelihood assets. Conclusions and Implication: This result implies for the development actors that the community development project outcomes should be sustained through local resources and build a sense of ownership in the community

‘공동체를 넘어선 공동체’로서의 마을공동체 : 레비나스의 책임윤리를 중심으로

심상우 한국하이데거학회 2019 현대유럽철학연구 Vol.0 No.53

The movement of making village community happening in Korean civil society is a very interesting and meaningful change of the movement itself. The reason is that the movement of making village community essentially aims to reconstruct the democratic political and social economy that has emerged as an alternative movement against capitalist society in which everything fundamentally became religious materialism. However, in order to secure the identity of village community making, we need to consider various conditions. The village community movement should not simply stay on the level of economic justice. Of course, the importance of economic influence is not unknown to survive the present. Even so, if the ethical, philosophical, and cultural considerations are not premised, the essence of the problem can be distorted at any time. According to Levinas, the subject has full responsibility for the other. This responsibility ethics is closely related to the community beyond individuals. Therefore, Levinas' accountability ethics is an order for face and it extends to 'community beyond the community'. The purpose of this study is to criticize and extend the existing concept of existing village community through Levinas' reason. In order for his assumption of ‘community beyond communities' to produce more meaningful results, it is necessary for this study to look at the ethics and justice relations mentioned in Levinas' political philosophy. Through the characteristics brought about from the level of responsibility ethics, it should become a village community oriented towards possibility as 'community beyond community'. The community referred to by Levinas is a community of ethical subjects, as a 'community beyond the community'. This community meant a community of openness. 한국시민사회에서 일어나고 있는 마을공동체 만들기 운동은 그 운동 자체로 매우 흥미롭고 의미 있는 변화로 볼 수 있다. 이 운동은 근본적으로 모든 것이 물신화된 자본주의 사회에 대항해 민주정치와 사회적 경제의 재건을 이룩하려는 대안적 운동이다. 먼저 이런 운동의 정체성을 확보하기 위해선 무엇보다 다양한 조건들에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 마을공동체 만들기 운동은 단순히 경제정의 차원에 머무르면 안된다. 물론 현재를 살아가는데 있어 경제적 영향력의 중요성을 모르는 바는 아니다. 그렇더라도 윤리적, 철학적, 문화적 고려가 전제되지 않으면 문제의 본질은 언제든 왜곡 될 수 있으며 나아가 정의의 본질이 상실될 수 있다. 레비나스에 따르면 주체는 타자에 대하여 전적으로 책임이 있다. 이 책임윤리는 개인을 넘어 공동체와 긴밀하게 관계한다. 따라서 레비나스의 책임윤리는 얼굴에 대한 명령으로서 ‘공동체를 넘어선 공동체’로의 확장을 기하게 된다. 이 연구는 기존의 마을공동체 구상을 레비나스의 사유를 통해 비판, 확장하자는 취지를 지닌다. 레비나스가 언급한 공동체는 윤리적 주체가 모인 공동체로서 ‘공동체를 넘어선 공동체’이다. 이 공동체는 닫힘이 아닌 열림의 공동체를 의미한다.

학교교육에서 지역사회 연계 미술교육의 실행 방안에 대한 논의

전민기 한국초등미술교육학회 2020 미술교육연구논총 Vol.63 No.-

The purpose of this study is to suggest methods for teachers to implement community-linked art education in school education. As the National Curriculum is revised, the need for education in collaboration with community is increasing. However, teachers still have difficulty practicing community-linked art education. In order to solve this, this study suggests implementation method that can be applied to art classes. For this, I conducted a theoretical study on community-linked/based art education, analyzed cases that actively collaborate with communities and derived six important elements for community-linked art education through didactic transposition. These are ‘exploring the community’, ‘searching and collecting materials of community’, ‘searching issues of the community’, ‘collecting stories of members of the community’, ‘arranging time and space for communication’, ‘breaking the boundaries of space for expression’. Finally, instructional plans can be applied to school education were suggested. Through the discussions dealt with in this study, I hope that the interest in community-linked art based on collaboration with community will increase and that research on methods that can be applied to school education will be actively conducted. 본 연구는 학교교육 현장에서 교사들이 지역사회와 연계한 미술교육을 실행할 수 있는 구체적인 방안을 제안하는 데에 목적을 두었다. 국가 교육과정이 개정될수록 지역사회 연계 교육에 대한 필요성이 대두되고 있으나 아직까지 교사들이 지역사회와 연계한 미술교육을 다소 실행하기 어려운 영역으로 느끼는 이유를 교수‧학습 내용과 방법에 대한 실질적 가이드라인의 부족 때문이라 판단한 바, 학교 미술 수업에 적용할 수 있는 지역사회 연계 미술 실행 방안을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위하여 지역사회 연계 미술교육에 대한 이론적 탐색을 하고, 지역사회와의 적극적인 연계와 협력을 기반으로 이루어진 미술 사례를 선정 및 분석하였으며, 이의 교육적 변환을 통해 지역사회 연계 미술교육의 6가지 중점 요소, 즉 ‘지역을 탐방하면서 특징 인식 하기’, ‘지역에서 표현 재료 탐색하고 수집하기’, ‘지역사회의 이슈 발견하기’, ‘지역 사회 구성원의 이야기 수집하기’, ‘소통할 수 있는 시간과 공간 마련하기’, ‘표현 공 간의 경계 허물기’를 도출하였다. 또한, 중점 요소를 적용한 주요 수업 활동을 제안 하면서 실제적인 실행 방안을 모색하였다. 본 연구에서 다룬 논의를 통해 지역사회 연계 미술에 대한 관심이 증대되고, 학교교육에 적용할 수 있는 구체적인 방안에 대한 연구가 활발하게 이루어지기를 기대한다.

사회체육학 : 주민자치센터의 생활체육 프로그램 참여가 커뮤니티 의식에 미치는 영향

이강우(KangWooLee),홍상민(SangMinHong),이제승(JeSeungLee) 한국체육학회 2004 한국체육학회지 Vol.43 No.5

Modern society is faced with the speedy changes characterized globalization, informatization, democratization and localization. Korean governments opened community center in Dong level as some parts of public services of Dong office transferred to the upper level governments according to the ideal of " small but efficient government". Community center in Dong level newly became a center of the citizens' welfare as the functions of Dong office moved to the higher level of local governments.The major objectives of the community center could be offering sports activity programs, social welfare services, supporting the daily lives of the residents, offering the culture and arts programs. Also, building up the sense of community is one of the important function of community center.This study aims to analyze the effects of participation in community center to the sense of community and suggest some policy alternatives for the development of sports administration at the governments level. For the study subjects participants in sports program Sung Dong Gu residents were set up, and total sample of 515 copies were collected using the multi-stage stratified sampling.In order to attain this aim, in this study, five research hypotheses are made and testified by questionnare by Yun Jong Kook(1999). The method of statistics used to analyse the collected dates are frequency analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis of SPSSWIN.As results of this analyses, major findings are as follows:First, age and income affects the sense of community of the residents who are or have been participating in the community center sports activity program.Second, the length of sports activity participation time of affects the sense of communityThird, satisfaction does not affect the sense of community.Forth, recognizing the effect of sports activity participating in the community center program is significant to the building the sense of community.Fifth, activities in recreation, have the most strong effects on building the sense of community.

신안군, 무안군, 목포시 무인도서의 식생과 식생보전가치 등급

김하송(Ha Song Kim),조영준(Yeong Jun Cho),조장삼(Jang Sam Cho),곽수란(Su Ran Gark),김진식(Jin Sik Kim) 한국농어촌관광학회 2021 농어촌관광연구 Vol.24 No.1

2020년 4월부터 7월까지 전라남도 신안군 장산면 항도, 차돌이(타다도), 서도내기(삼승도), 진섬(장도), 신안군 팔금면 암치도, 일금도. 상납덕도, 넓은모래섬, 신안군 안좌면 산202도, 무안군 토끼섬, 저도(모도), 대섬(죽도), 목포시 별도, 맥도 등의 무인도서를 중심으로 현지 답사를 통하여 이루어졌다. 본 조사지역에서 나타난 주요 식물군락은 상록활엽수림 식생인 사스레피나무군락, 낙엽활엽수림 식생인 예덕나무군락, 소사나무군락, 말오줌때군락, 왕자귀나무군락, 음나무군락 등이, 상록침엽수림 식생인 곰솔군락, 곰솔-이대군락, 곰솔-사스레피나무군락, 곰솔-소사나무군락, 곰솔-돈나무군락, 곰솔-꾸지뽕나무군락 등이, 조림 식생인 아까시나무군락, 삼나무-편백나무군락, 솜대군락, 초지 식생인 억새군락, 이대군락, 칡-이대군락, 원추리군락, 고사리군락, 밭풀고사리군락 등이, 해안 염습지에서는 주요 염색식물 식생으로 갈대군락, 모새달군락, 갯잔디군락, 갯메꽃군락, 나문재군락, 갯질경군락 등이 나타났다. 종합적으로 식생분야의 생태적 자연도 등급은 각 조사지점의 무인도 자연환경 가치 및 보존 필요성을 조사자가 임의로 설정한 무인도 생태적 보전가치 등급기준에 따라 Ⅰ등급, Ⅱ등급, Ⅲ등급을 판정한 후 이를 제시하였다. 조사지역의 무인도 생태자연도를 보전가치등급 평가 기준에 따라 Ⅰ등급(평가 항목별 합계 26점 이상)지역은 일금도, 서도내기도이며, Ⅱ등급(평가 항목별 합계 15점-25점)지역은 대섬, 저도, 토끼섬, 넓은모래섬, 맥도, 상납덕도, 암치도, 진섬, 차돌이, 항도 등이며, Ⅲ등급(평가 항목별 합계 14점 이하)지역은 별도, 산202도 등으로 나타났다. 또한 조사지역의 무인도서중에서 식생분야의 특정도서로서 지정이 가능한 도서는 일금도, 서도내기도 등으로 생각된다. 이들 도서는 남해안의 지리적 특성을 갖는 식생대가 형성되어 있고 그 보존가치가 높은 무인도서로 생각된다. This research was carried out from April to July 2020 to examine the conservaion value assessment class and vegetation of uninhabited islets on the Sinan-gun, Muan-gun, Mokpo-si, Jeollanam-do. The major plant communities found in this survey area Eurya japonica community, which is a vegetation of Evergreen broad-leaved forest, Mallotus japonicus community, which is a vegetation of Deciduous broad-leaved forest, Carpinus turczaninowii community, Euscaphis japonica community, Albizia kalkora community, and Kalopanax septemlobus community. There are the Evergreen coniferous forest vegetation such as Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus thunbergii-Pseudosasa japonica community, Pinus thunbergii-Eurya japonica community, Pinus thunbergii-Carpinus turczaninowii community, Pinus thunbergii-Pittosporum tobira community, and Pinus thunbergii-Cudrania tricuspidata community. There are afforestation vegetation, such as Robinia pseudoacacia community, Cryptomeria japonica-Trypodendron proximum community, Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis community. There are grassland vegetation, such as Miscanthus sinensis community, Pseudosasa japonica community, Pueraria lobata-Pseudosasa japonica community, Hemerocallis fulva community, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum community, and Dicranopteris linearis community. In coastal salt marshes, Phragmites australis community, Phacelurus latifolius community, Zoysia sinica community, Calystegia soldanella community, Suaeda glauca community, and Staticobium loochooense community were found as major dyeing plant vegetation. The vegetation conservation value assessment class were divided 3 grades, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ according to the Vegetation conservation value class assessment criterion of uninhabited island by the investigator arbitarily set. In survey areas, the grade I area are Ilgeumdo and Seodonaedo. The II grade areas are Daeseom, Jedo, Tokkiseom, Neolb-eunmolaeseom, Maegdo, Sangnaedeokdo, Amchido, Jinseom, Chadol-i, Hangdo, and the III grade areas are Byeoldo, San202do. Also, among the uninhabited islands of the survey area, the islands that can be designated as specific islands in the vegetation field are considered to be Ilgeumdo and Seodonaegido. These islands are considered to be uninhabited islands with a high conservation value and a vegetation zone with the geographical characteristics of the southern coast.