건기 조건의 사면 안정 해석과 관련된 문제점 고찰 및 대안

김진환,백용,권오일,박재우,Kim. Jinhwan,Baek. Yong,Kwon. O-Il,Park. Jae-Woo 한국방재학회 2013 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.13 No.1

우리나라의 사면 설계 기준안전율은 건기조건과 우기조건으로 구분하여 제시되고 있다. 일반적으로 건기 기준안전율은 1.5, 우기시 1.2~1.3으로 되어 있다. 현재 제안하고 있는 동일 사면에 대한 건기, 우기 설계 기준안전율의 조건은 몇 가지 문제점을 내포하고 있다. 사면 설계 조건의 문제점을 파악해보고자 사면안정해석 프로그램을 이용하여 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 임의의 사면에 대해 건기시 기준안전율과 우기시 기준안전율을 계산하였으며 보강 공법을 적용하여 안정해석을 수행하였다. 또한 국외사면 설계 조건을 조사하여 우리나라의 조건과 비교, 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 건기, 우기로 구분하여 사면안정해석을 수행할 경우, 우기 안정해석 결과가 기준안전율에 만족할 경우, 건기 안정해석 결과는 항상 기준안전율을 만족하는 것을 알 수 있다. 이는 현재 안정해석 조건에 문제가 있음을 지시하며 건기시 안정해석을 제외하는 등의 개선이 필요하다고 판단된다. Safety factors used in slope design is divided into wet and dry condition. In general, a safety factor of 1.5 is used for the dry condition and 1.2~1.3 is used for the wet condition. Unfortunately the application of safety factor for the wet and dry condition for the same slope has some problems. Slope stability analysis programs were used to determine problems in the slope design conditions. Stability analysis were performed and reinforcements to calculate safety factor for the wet and dry condition of arbitrary slope. Slope designed conditions used in Korea and other countries were analyzed and compared. When slope stability analysis for the wet and dry condition is performed separately, it was determined from the result of the study that the safety factor for the dry condition is always satisfied when the safety factor for the wet condition is satisfied. This shows that there is a problem in the condition of stability analysis that is currently used and modifications must be made except the dry conditions analysis.

잠재프로파일분석을 통한 임금근로자의 위험요인 노출 유형분류 및 영향요인 검증

이은진 ( Eunjin Lee ),홍세희 ( Sehee Hong ) 한국산업보건학회 2021 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.31 No.3

Objectives: This study aims to classify the latent profiles in the exposure to hazard factors of salaried employees and test the determinants. Methods: Latent profile analysis(LPA) was conducted using data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey(KWCS). 30,050 of salaried employees were the subjects of this study. After classifying the employees, multinomial logistic regression was used to test the determinants. Results: Salaried employees were classified with three latent profiles based on the exposure to the hazard factors. Employees included in class 1(32.8%) tend to experience low level of physical hazard factors, moderate level of psychological hazard factors, and high level of office work hazard factors. Employees included in class 2(61.8%) tend to be exposed to the moderate to high level of physical hazard factors, moderate to low level of psychological hazard factors, and low level of office work hazard factors. Employees included in class 3(5.4%) tend to experience high level of psychological and physical hazard factors, and moderate level of office work hazard factors. After classification, the demographic, health-, and employment-related variables were tested. Conclusions: This study clarified the features of each class, and proved that employees in class 3 are quite hazardous in that they are exposed to physical and psychological hazard factors much more frequently than other employees. Thus, this study can be used in predicting the high-risk employees and taking preemptive measures for preventing industrial accidents.

혼합계수(K-Factor) 증가에 따른 사업장의 환기 조건 및 효율 개선에 관한 연구

이윤호,이석원,이경호,김현욱 한국산업보건학회 2019 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Objectives: This study aims to identify whether ventilation conditions and their effectiveness can be significantly improved in an experimental chamber by increasing the mixing factor (K-Factor). Methods: In a chamber with a volume of 1 m3, air velocity was measured at six different points with four roof fans in the upper part of the chamber being operated in order. The impact of the ventilation conditions was analyzed when the flow rates were increasing and the first inlet of the chamber was either open or closed. Smoke patterns were also observed at four corner points where ventilation was limited. Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to compare air velocities measured in the chamber. Results: The air velocities measured at only the third point increased significantly from 0.03±0.03 m/s (door open) and 0.05±0.06 m/s (door closed) with two fans, 0.08±0.08 m/s with three fans, and 0.09±0.09 m/s with four fans operating ( p <0.05). However, air velocities at the four corner points did not significantly increase. Smoke patters also showed that the open inlet of the chamber had no effect on improvement of ventilation conditions and effectiveness. Conclusions: In this study, the air velocities at six points in the chamber did not significantly increase despite the increase in the mixing factor and flow rates of ventilation in the controlled environment. Therefore, the inflow of outdoor air throughout an open inlet and installation of a forced ventilation system can potentially increase the indoor air velocity and improve ventilation condition without an increase in the mixing factor.

로하스(LOHAS) 생활을 위한 영향 요인에 관한 연구 : 생활적, 경제적, 사회적 요인이 건강한 삶(well-being)에 미치는 영향

서상윤 경희대학교 경영연구원 2018 의료경영학연구 Vol.12 No.1

Objectives: This study intended to investigate factors to affect consumer’s LOHAS life. Methods: The daily life, economic condition, and social factors are tested in terms of determinant factors on well-being life. The daily life factor includes such variables chronic disease, smoking, drinking liquor, disability of ordinary life activities and physical activities. The economic factor consist of household income, participation of economic activity, enrollment of national pension plan as well as personal insurance. Education level, accessibility of medical service, and marital status belong to social factor. The empirical test was conducted with data from 2015 Korean Healthcare Panel Survey. Results: The statistical analysis results show that chronic disease, smoking, disability of ordinary life activities as well as physical activities have negative impact on the well-being life. However, drinking liquor has a positive impact on quality of life in terms of physical wellness and psychological wellness. Also household income, enrollment of national pension plan have positive impact on well-being life. The education level which belongs to social factor only significant variables affects well-being life. The higher the education level shows the better quality of life. Conclusion: In order to pursuing LOHAS, basically they need to keep not only their body but also their mind healthy. Also they need to prepare financial income and establish a financial future plan for old age.

베이즈 인수는 왜 그토록 효과적인가?

전영삼 ( Young-sam Chun ) 한국과학철학회 2016 과학철학 Vol.19 No.2

필드가 불확실한 경험을 좀더 적절히 표상할 수 있는 새로운 방식을 제안한이래, 초기의 제프리 조건화가 안고 있던 난점들은 상당히 해소가 되었다. 그제안의 핵심은 오늘날 흔히 ‘베이즈 인수’라 부르는 것으로 귀결되는데, 그러한 인수의 등장으로 이제는 과연 그것이 조건화와 관련한 여러 문제에 얼마만큼 효과적일 수 있는가가 문제시될 수밖에 없게 되었다. 불행히도 당장은 베이즈 인수를 동원한다 할지라도 제프리 조건화가 여러 문제에 부딪힐 수 있음이 드러났으나, 좀더 최근에 그와 같은 문제들 역시 새로운 방식으로 재정식화해 베이즈 인수를 적용한다면 여전히 제프리 조건화로써 올바르게 처리할 수 있음을 보여 주는 연구 결과들이 보고되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 본논문의 과제는 베이즈 인수가 그처럼 여러 도전들을 극복하고 효과적으로 성공적일 수 있는 이유가 무엇인가를 밝히는 일이다. 즉 여러 문제를 해결해 가는 과정 배후에서 그 형식적 수식 관계를 넘어 베이즈 인수가 과연 우리의 인식에 있어 어떤 의미를 갖는가를 분명히 해명해 보자는 것이다. 결과적으로, 우리는 베이즈 인수가 여러 성공의 상황에서 효과를 발휘하게 되는 중요한 몇몇 인식적 특성들을 알게 될 것이다. 이러한 작업은 지금까지 베이즈 인수가 성공적으로 효과를 발휘해 온 여러 결과들을 요약적으로 종합하고, 동시에 이후 베이즈 인수를 활용할 후속 연구 작업에서 필요한 모럴을 제공할 수 있으리라 기대한다. Many of the difficulties which the earlier way of Jeffrey conditioning faced have been resolved since Field proposed a new way to represent uncertain experiences. The point of his proposal is reduced to what we call “Bayes factors”. The question was then, how effective the Bayes factors actually are, for the problems of conditioning in Bayesianism. Though it is recognized that Bayes factors do not solve all the problems of Jeffrey conditioning, recent researches suggest that the remaining problems can be effectively treated by reformulating those factors in some new ways. The aim of this paper is to seek the reasons why Bayes factors are so effective and successful in their roles. In other words, it tries to explicate the epistemological significance of Bayes factors, looking beyond the formal numerical relations, what they are revealing about the process of problem solving. We will grasp some epistemic properties which make Bayes factors so effective in successful cases. This paper will not just summarize the success of the factors until today, but extract some morals for further researches which will be done with Bayes factors.

미분양아파트 구매의사결정 영향구조 분석

탁정호(Jung-Ho Tak),노정현(Jeong-Hyun Rho) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.11

본 연구는 사회·경제적 문제를 발생시키고 있는 미분양아파트 적체물량을 효율적으로 해소할 수 있는 방안을 제시하는데 목적을 두고 있으며, 미분양아파트 입주민의 특성요인을 규명하고, 그중 미분양아파트 입주 시 우선적으로 고려해야하는 요인을 파악하고자 하였다. 또한 입주민 특성요인과 미분양아파트 조건완화특성이 거주만족도를 경유해 재구매의사에 미치는 영향구조를 알아보고자 연구를 진행하였다. 미분양 입주자의 구매의사에 영향을 미치는 요인을 구성하기 위해 앞서 검토한 선행연구를 토대로 구매의사결정 요인과 조건완화특성을 종합화하였다. 우선, 분양아파트 입주민의 특성요인을 규명하기 위해 선행연구를 중심으로 부동산의 물리적, 환경적, 사회적, 경제적 특성 등을 추출하였으며, 부동산 전문가 집단의 FGI(Focus Group Interview)를 통해 분석에 적합한 특성요인을 정리하였다. 다음으로 설정된 가설과 연구모형을 바탕으로 변수간 영향관계를 PLS 구조방정식을 활용하여 분석하였다. 분석결과 미분양아파트 잔여세대 입주민의 경우 구매의사결정에 있어 조건완화혜택이 가장 큰 영향을 미치며, 다음으로 경제적 특성 그리고 주거환경특성이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 특성에 기인한 미분양아파트 거주만족도는 재구매의사에도 유의한 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 도출되었다. The study suggested plans to solve the problems of unsold apartments that lead to social and economic issues in our society, analyzed the characteristic factors related to the unsold apartment residents, investigated the preference factors, and finally determined the influence structure between the characteristic factors of residents and the mitigation factor of unsold apartment, for the repurchase intention. From previous studies, this study determined the characteristic factors based on the physical, environmental, social and economic characteristics to make up the characteristic factors for the unsold apartment residents. Then, through a Focus Group Interview (FGI) among the members of a real estate specialist group, it summarized the suitable factors for analysis and analyzed the influence structure between all factors through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study results show that the mitigation factors are the most profound cause of the decision-making for unsold apartment residents, followed by economic factors and residential factors. In addition, the residential satisfaction for the unsold apartment residents has a positive relation with the repurchase intention.

인간의 신체와 운동기능의 발육발달에 관여하는 주 요인 및 조건에 관한 고찰

김선응(Seon Eung Kim) 한국발육발달학회 2013 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.21 No.3

The followings are the summary of the present study which objectively compared and analyzed the perspectives of the genetic factors with those of the environmental conditions and their correlations concerning the human growth and development. The genetic factor has much to do with growth and maturation. Among many environmental conditions, exercises influence on the growth of physique, reducing the body fat, hastening the maturity of bones and various other improvements of physical fitness, while nutrition has an effect on the improvement of health and the development of physique and physical fitness. In terms of socio-economical condition, the children who belong to the upper-class have superior physique to their counterparts of the lower-class, while their physical fitness is just opposite. Similarly, city kids tend to have superior physique compared with the children from the rural communities and vice versa. The present study also found that socio-cultural conditions(such as family, friends, coaches and teachers etc) have an influence on the participation of the various physical activities which directly affect on socialization. Human beings are to grow and develop themselves on the basis of heredity along with other environmental conditions such as experiences and learnings. At times, these two dynamically interconnect each other which help them develop themselves continuously. Therefore, genetic factor is much more decisive for the growth and development, However, there a limitation since the forging(education or experiences) is not possible. On the other hand, the environmental condition should be regarded as a more important factor as it can give children a most desirable education from the cradle to the grave making the optimum conditions.

Molecular diagnostics for verifying an etiological agent of emaciation disease in cultured olive flounder <i>Paralichthys olivaceus</i> in Korea

Shin, Sang Phil,Sohn, Han Chang,Jin, Chang Nam,Kang, Bong Jo,Lee, Jehee Elsevier 2018 Aquaculture Vol.493 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Enteromyxum leei</I> and <I>Parvicapsula anisocaudata</I> have been reported to cause emaciation disease in cultured olive flounder <I>Paralichthys olivaceus</I> in Jeju Island, Korea, but there is no consensus regarding its causative agent. A total of 60 cultured olive flounders were obtained from 12 fisheries, and divided into 5 groups according to their relative condition factor. We investigated the correlation between the relative condition factor and parasite infection using molecular diagnostics to identify the etiological agent of the emaciation disease. Metagenome results showed that, in addition to olive flounder genes, the myxosporean gene was the most abundant in the intestine and urinary bladder. The results of multiplex PCR assay revealed high levels of detection of <I>E. leei</I> genes in the intestines of samples having a relative condition factor <70% whereas the gene of <I>P. anisocaudata</I> was detected at high levels in the urinary bladders of all sample groups. In addition, statistical analyses indicated a significant association between decrease in relative condition factor and <I>E. leei</I> infection but not <I>P. anisocaudata</I> infection. We suggest that the emaciation disease is caused by <I>E. leei</I> and the parasite decrease relative condition factor to <70%.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Emaciation disease in cultured olive flounder of Korea is a notorious disease. </LI> <LI> The causative agents were identified using molecular diagnostic tools. </LI> <LI> Two myxosporeans were recognized as potential etiological agent. </LI> <LI> Infection with <I>Enteromyxum leei</I> decreases rCF of cultured olive flounders. </LI> </UL> </P>

QCA기법을 이용한 한ㆍ일 장수기업의 장수요인에 관한 비교연구

김덕중,임외석 한국경영사학회 2020 經營史學 Vol.94 No.-

일본은 창업한 지 100년 이상 된 장수기업들을 세계에서 가장 많이 보유하고 있는 장 수기업 국가이다. 이처럼 많은 장수기업을 보유하고 있는 일본의 연구 환경을 바탕으로, 그동안 많은 일본 학자들이 장수요인에 관한 다양한 사례연구를 진행해 왔으며, 일본 이 외의 다수 연구자도 장수기업에 관한 연구를 수행해 왔다. 그러나 대부분의 사례연구 결과에서 나타나고 있는 대표적인 한계점으로, 장수기업들 에 나타나는 장수요인들을 정성적 관점에 치중하여 분석하고 있다는 점과 장수요인들을 단순히 나열하는 수준, 즉 장수요인들과 장수기업 간에 1대1의 관계만을 설명하고 있다 는 점이다. 이 연구는 이러한 한계점을 극복하기 위한 시도의 하나로, 어떠한 장수요인들의 조합 이 장수기업에 영향을 주는지, 또한 장수요인들의 조합에서 한국의 장수기업과 일본의 장 수기업 사이에는 어떠한 차이점이 있는지를 정량적 기법을 가미하여 분석하고자 하는 데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 수행하기 위해 실증연구로 대표되는 ‘정량적 분석’ 기법과 탐색적 사례연 구로 대표되는 ‘정성적 분석’ 기법을 결합한 ‘질적비교분석(QCA:Qualitative Comparative Analysis)’ 기법을 채택하였다. 이 기법을 적용하여 한국의 ‘창업100년 장수기업’ 6개사와 일본의 ‘창업1,000년 초장 수기업’ 13개사를 대상으로 분석한 결과, 한국 장수기업의 경우에는 장수요인들의 3가지 조합이 존재하는 반면, 일본 장수기업의 경우는 한국의 장수기업과는 달리 장수요인들의 1가지 조합만이 존재한다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉, 분석대상인 일본의 장수기업들은 외부환경적 장수요인에 속하는 사회적 안정성, 상 공업에 대한 사회적 수용도, 가계제도의 확장성이 모두 높으면서, 동시에 내적 장수요인 에 속하는 창업업종의 연속성, 의제혈연을 포함한 혈연승계의 정도, 안정성 중시전략의 정도도 모두 높게 나타난다는 사실이다. 이에 비해 한국의 장수기업들에서는 장수요인들의 3가지 조합이 존재하는데, 이들 3가 지 조합에서 나타나는 공통적인 장수요인들의 조합에는, 사회적 안정성, 상공업에 대한 사회적 수용도, 가계제도의 확장성이라는 3가지 요인들이었다. 단, 일본 장수기업들과 비 교하면 그 정도는 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구는 국내 경영학 분야의 연구에서는 찾아보기 어려운 QCA기법을 도입하여 사 례분석을 하였다는 측면에서, 관련 연구자들에게 새로운 연구방법에 도전하는 동기를 제 공할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Japan has the largest number of longevity companies founded over 100 years ago in the world. Based on the research environment of Japan, which has many longevity companies, many Japanese scholars have conducted various case studies on longevity factors. Many researchers outside of Japan have also conducted research on longevity companies. However, as a representative limitation of most case studies, it is that they are simply listing long-lived factors in longevity companies. In other words, they only explain the one-to-one relationship between longevity factors and longevity companies. This study is an attempt to overcome these limitations, and analyzes which combination of longevity factors affects longevity companies and what differences are between Korean longevity companies and Japanese longevity companies in the combination of longevity factors. In order to carry out these research objectives for longevity companies in Korea and Japan, we adopted a method called QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis) that combines a quantitative analysis method represented by empirical research and a qualitative analysis method represented by exploratory case studies. As a result of analyzing by this method, it was found that there are three combinations of longevity factors in Korean longevity companies, but only one combination of longevity factors in Japanese longevity companies. In more detail, Japanese longevity companies had high social stability, social acceptability for commerce & industry and scalability of family line system belonging to external environmental longevity factors, and high continuity of business type, level of succession by blood ties including fictitious blood ties and stability-oriented strategy belonging to internal longevity factors. On the other hand, there are three combinations of longevity factors in Korean longevity companies, and there are three common longevity factors in these three combinations: social stability, social acceptance of commerce & industry, and scalability of family line system. But the degree was relatively low compared to Japanese longevity companies. This study is a case study by introducing a QCA method that is difficult to find in the field of domestic business administration. In this respect, it is expected that this research will provide many researchers with a motivation to challenge new research methods.

프로야구 관람자의 구매유형 분석

김인재(Kim in-jae) 한국스포츠산업경영학회 2003 한국스포츠산업경영학회지 Vol.8 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 프로야구 관람자에게 영향을 미치는 변인을 토대로 소량 구매자와 다량 구매자로 구분할 수 있는 구매유형에 영향을 주는 요인을 규명하여, 구매 예측모형을 개발하고 모형의 타당성을 밝히는 데 연구의 목적이 있다. 조사대상은 LG 트윈스와 두산 베어스가 공동으로 홈구장으로 활용하고 있는 서울 잠실야구장에서 열리는 경기의 관람자를 대상으로 편의할당표집법(Convenient quota sampling)을 이용하여 총 2,664명으로 자료가 실제 분석에서 사용되었다. 프로야구 관람자의 구매유형을 분석하기 위하여 사용된 조사도구는 Wakefield와 Sloan(1995), Hansen과 Gauthier(1989), Jeffrey(1997), Green(1995), 김홍설(1999)등에 의해 개발된 '스포츠팬의 소비자 행동 영양 요인' 척도와 서희진(2001)에 의해 개발된 '스포츠 수용자의 소비행동 분석' 등을 본 연구의 목적에 맞도록 재구성하여 사용하였다. 또한 설문지의 타당도의 검증을 위하여 스포츠 경영전문가 3명, 스포츠 경영 전공 석ㆍ박사 과정생 4명, 인터넷 LG 트윈스 야구동호회 회원 2명에게 내적타당도(content validity)와 직교회전방식(varimax)을 이용한 요인분석을 실시하여 최종적으로 4개의 요인, 15개의 하위요인, 39문항으로 구성되었다. 설문지의 작성은 자기평가 기입법으로 작성하였으며, 설문지 작성 후 자료처리는 Window용 한글 SPSS version 10.07을 이용하여 요인 분석, 신뢰도 분석, 로지스틱 회귀 분석 등을 사용하였다. 회귀 분석 방법을 적용하는 과정에서 유의수준(α)은 .05로 설정하였다. 이와 같은 절차 및 자료분석을 통하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 구매유형을 구분하는 데 관련성이 있는 변인으로는 인구통계학적변인에 있어서는 성별, 연령, 결혼유무, 직업, 본적 등 모두 관련이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 경기장까지의 소요시간에 있어서도 영향을 미치는 변인으로 나타났다. 또한 관람요인의 15개의 변인 중 통제력, 경기력, 관람조건, 경기일정, 여가선용 등의 5개의 변인에 있어서 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 관람유형을 결정하는데 영향을 미치는 요인중 소요시간 통제성, 관람조건, 여가선용, 결혼유무, 직업은 억제 요인이었으며, 성별, 연령, 직업, 본적, 경기력, 관람조건, 경기일정은 촉진 요인이었다. 프로야구 관람자의 구매유형 예측모형은 가설검증을 통하여 적합한 것으로 판명되었으며, 예측모형의 적중률은 65.72%이었다. 또한 구매유형을 예측하는 모형의 식은 다음과 같다. 〈수식삽입〉 The purpose of this research is to find out the consuming style that influence the small or large purchasing, to examine the consuming style of the spectator for professional baseball, to develop predictable module for consuming style and to identify appropriateness of the predictable module. The sample is collected from Seoul Jamsil baseball stadium that is home ground for both LG Twins and Doosan Bears. The total 2,664 spectators who attended the home games in Jamsil baseball stadium. Methodologically, they participated to answering the questionnaires as convenient quota sampling. In order to analysis the consuming style of spectator, the study is to follows way of the privous scholars such as Wakefield and Sloan(1995), Hansen and Guthier(1989), Jeffrey(1997), Green(1995), Hong-Soul Kim(1999). They developed theories as measuring factors for consumer behavior on the sports fan. Moreover, Hae-Jin Seo focused on the analysis of consumer behavior related on sport. Therefore, this study is to adapt both disquisitions. A formal questionnaire designed in an orderly and systematic manner to extract the required information in a sequential order from four main items to divide to fifteen specific substances. However, the three professions for sport management, four postgraduate students and two LG Twins Internet supporters were participated to analysis the content validity for questionnaire. The analysis of the data relating to the factor analysis, Reliability analysis and logistic regression analysis by using SPSS/PC version 10.07 for Windows. The significant level show 0.5 related on the method of regression analysis. The conclusions reached from the observations and analysis of the statistics base and result come up as follows. The consumer style is highly related on socio-demographic factors such as Sex, Age, Marriage, Job, and Birthplace. Those factors also influence the time to reach the stadium. Five out of fifteen factors is very influential variations such as controlling, game Performance, spectating cause, game schedules, and leisure activity. In fact, the negative influential factors for spectators is that controlling, spectating cause, leisure activity, Marriage and job. The positive influential variation is the sex, age, job, birthplace, game Performance, spectating cause, game schedules. Therefore, the hypnosis on predictable module on consuming style of spectators for professional baseball permits extraordinarily logical factors. The accuracy of predicting module is 65.77 percents. Consequently, the following figure shows the method of the predicting module for consuming style for spectators who enjoy the professional baseball.