Association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Brain Atrophy: A Meta-Analysis

Tianqi Zhang,Marnie Shaw,Nicolas Cherbuin 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.5

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is known to be associated with cognitive decline and brain structural changes. This study systematically reviews and estimates human brain volumetric differences and atrophy associated with T2DM.Methods: PubMed, PsycInfo and Cochrane Library were searched for brain imaging studies reporting on brain volume differences between individuals with T2DM and healthy controls. Data were examined using meta-analysis, and association between age, sex, diabetes characteristics and brain volumes were tested using meta-regression.Results: A total of 14,605 entries were identified; after title, abstract and full-text screening applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 64 studies were included and 42 studies with compatible data contributed to the meta-analysis (n=31,630; mean age 71.0 years; 44.4% male; 26,942 control; 4,688 diabetes). Individuals with T2DM had significantly smaller total brain volume, total grey matter volume, total white matter volume and hippocampal volume (approximately 1% to 4%); meta-analyses of smaller samples focusing on other brain regions and brain atrophy rate in longitudinal investigations also indicated smaller brain volumes and greater brain atrophy associated with T2DM. Meta-regression suggests that diabetes-related brain volume differences start occurring in early adulthood, decreases with age and increases with diabetes duration.Conclusion: T2DM is associated with smaller total and regional brain volume and greater atrophy over time. These effects are substantial and highlight an urgent need to develop interventions to reduce the risk of T2DM for brain health.

Association between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Brain Atrophy: A Meta-Analysis (Diabetes Metab J 2022;46:781-802)

Tianqi Zhang,Marnie Shaw,Nicolas Cherbuin 대한당뇨병학회 2022 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.46 No.5

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I Green

TianQi Zhang 한국콘텐츠학회 2013 ICCC International Digital Design Invitation Exhib Vol.2013 No.-

A transcription factor TaTCP20 regulates the expression of Ppd-D1b in common wheat

Wei Fan,Song Tianqi,Zhou Jianfei,Cheng Jie,Li Ruibo,Yu Ming,Zhang Yunrui,Yu-Yang Song,Zhang Bo,Zhang Xiaoke 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.3

Photoperiod (Ppd) genes play an important role in the adaptation of wheat to the ecological environment. However, the transcriptional regulation mechanism of photoperiodic genes has remained elusive. This study isolated a full-length promoter of Ppd-D1b (2518 bp) from the common wheat genome. Several essential core cis-acting elements and numerous light-responsive cis-acting regulatory elements were identifed in Ppd-D1b promoter by the in-silico analysis. Ten 5’-deleted length fragments of the Ppd-D1b promoter fused with GUS were constructed and named D0 ~D9, then transferred them into Arabidopsis thaliana. GUS gene driven by full-length (D0) in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana showed the same rhythm with Ppd-D1b in wheat under short-day conditions (SDs, 8-h light/16-h dark). The expression of GUS gene in D0 reached its peak at 3 h after dawn, then decreased to the lowest and remained stable. Analysis of the series of 5’-deleted fragments showed that at 3 h after dawn, GUS gene expression activity decreased signifcantly in D7a due to removal of CHEBS (CCA1 HIKING EXPEDITION binding site). Moreover, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase (dual-LUC) assays revealed that TaTCP20 could bind to the Ppd-D1b promoter to increase its transcriptional activity. This study revealed a transcription factor, TaTCP20, which activated Ppd-D1b by binding to CHEBS, provided a foundation for the theoretical research on wheat’s photoperiodic response mechanism.

Assessing Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression by Using Perivascular Adipose Tissue Attenuation on Computed Tomography Angiography

Zhang Shuai,Gu Hui,Chang Na,Li Sha,Xu Tianqi,Liu Menghan,Wang Ximing 대한영상의학회 2023 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.24 No.10

Objective: Recent studies have highlighted the active and potential role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in atherosclerosis and aneurysm progression, respectively. This study explored the link between PVAT attenuation and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression using computed tomography angiography (CTA). Materials and Methods: This multicenter retrospective study analyzed patients with AAA who underwent CTA at baseline and follow-up between March 2015 and July 2022. The following parameters were obtained: maximum diameter and total volume of the AAA, presence or absence of intraluminal thrombus (ILT), maximum diameter and volume of the ILT, and PVAT attenuation of the aortic aneurysm at baseline CTA. PVAT attenuation was divided into high (> -73.4 Hounsfield units [HU]) and low (≤ -73.4 HU). Patients who had or did not have AAA progression during the follow-up, defined as an increase in the aneurysm volume > 10 mL from baseline, were identified. Kaplan–Meier and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to investigate the association between PVAT attenuation and AAA progression. Results: Our study included 167 participants (148 males; median age: 70.0 years; interquartile range: 63.0–76.0 years), of which 145 (86.8%) were diagnosed with AAA accompanied by ILT. Over a median period of 11.3 months (range: 6.0–85.0 months), AAA progression was observed in 67 patients (40.1%). Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that high baseline PVAT attenuation (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 2.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16–4.32; P = 0.017) was independently associated with AAA progression. This association was demonstrated within the patients of AAA with ILT subcohort, where a high baseline PVAT attenuation (aHR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.08–4.60; P = 0.030) was consistently independently associated with AAA progression. Conclusion: Elevated PVAT attenuation is independently associated with AAA progression, including patients of AAA with ILT, suggesting the potential of PVAT attenuation as a predictive imaging marker for AAA expansion.

Fuzzy Adaptive Model Predictive Control for Image-based Visual Servoing of Robot Manipulators With Kinematic Constraints

Tianqi Zhu,Jianliang Mao,Chuanlin Zhang,Linyan Han 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.1

This paper presents a novel image-based visual servoing (IBVS) controller for a six-degree-of-freedom (6-DoF) robot manipulator by employing a fuzzy adaptive model predictive control (FAMPC) approach. The control strategy allows the robot to track the desired feature points adaptively and fulfill kinematic constraints appearing in a vision-guided task with different initial Cartesian poses. To this aim, the successive linearization method is firstly employed to transform the nonlinear IBVS model to the linear time-invariant (LTI) one at each sampling instant. The nonlinear optimization problem is therefore degraded into a convex quadratic programming (QP) problem. Subsequently, a fuzzy logic is exploited to tune the weighting coefficients in the cost function on the basis of image pixels changes at each step, endowing the reliable adaptation capabilities to different working environments. Experimental comparison tests performed on a 6-DoF robot manipulator with an eye-in-hand configuration are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed controller.

TWO SYSTEMS TO RECOVER THE WASTE HEAT OF PEMFC

HE TIANQI,PENG JIE,ZHANG YANGJUN 한국신재생에너지학회 2015 AFORE Vol.2015 No.11

Commutation Compensation Strategy for Brushless DC Motor Based on Terminal Voltage Reconstruction

Li Guidan,Zhang Tianqi,Li Bin,Fu Tongling,Duan Peihua 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.4

In the sensorless brushless DC (BLDC) motor control system, the commutation signal is the key to measure the system performance. To improve the commutation accuracy, a commutation compensation strategy based on terminal voltage reconstruction is proposed. By analyzing the commutation process, the integral of ideal terminal voltage is adopted to determine the commutation error. Then considering the voltage clamping of the freewheel diode, the actual terminal voltage is analyzed in diff erent periods. In the non-commutation period, a PWM cycle is divided into three regions, and the corresponding duration can be calculated by fl oating phase current, and then the equality of actual and ideal terminal voltage integrals is revealed. In the commutation period, the instantaneous value of back-electromotive force (back-EMF) at commutation point is used to construct the ideal terminal voltage and the commutation time is determined by the edge detection. In this way, the integral of terminal voltage can be calculated precisely. Then the error index is introduced and the relationship between the commutation error and the error index is presented. To eliminate the commutation error, the PI controller is adopted which outputs the compensation angle. The proposed strategy avoids the phase shift errors and the accumulation of integral errors, moreover the feasibility and eff ectiveness are verifi ed by simulations and experiments under diff erent conditions. In addition, the strategy can also be used to correct the installation error of Hall sensor

Parametric Study of Dynamic Vibration Absorber with Negative Stiffness Applied to Floating Slab Track

Li Zhou,Tianqi Zhang,Yanyun Luo 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.9

In terms of the traditional dynamic vibration absorber (DVA), the vibration damping effect improves with the mass ratio of DVA increasing, and the vibration level of target system is effectively controlled in the case that the mass ratio of DVA is large. This characteristic restricts the application of DVA to the track because of the limited available space. This study proposes one type of DVA with negative stiffness (NSDVA) applied to floating slab track to reduce the track vibration under the condition of small mass ratio and presents a design methodology of NSDVA attached on flexible system. Firstly, the mechanical model of floating slab with NSDVA is simplified to a two-degree-of-freedom system, and theoretical expressions of NSDVA’s optimal parameters, i.e., ratio of frequency, damping and stiffness are deduced according to the fixed-point expansion theory and stability condition. Secondly, with the combination of the multi-modal control theory and the finite element method, optimal parameters of NSDVA applied to a multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) system are calculated. 3-D finite element model of floating slab-NSDVA is built in ABAQUS software, and the modal analysis of floating slab is conducted to determine the target modal and equivalent mass. Compared with the traditional Voigt type DVA, the NSDVA adopted in this paper is proved to be more effective to reduce the both floating slab and rail vibration level. The design methodology of NSDVA attached to a MDOF system presented in this paper is feasible.

Commutability Assessment of Candidate External Quality Assessment Materials for Aminotransferase Activity Measurements Based on Different Approaches in China

Long Qichen,Qi Tianqi,Zhang Tianjiao,Wang Jing,Zeng Jie,Ying Yan,Meng Wang,Wei Huang,Haijian Zhao,Wenxiang Chen,Chuanbao Zhang 대한진단검사의학회 2021 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.41 No.1

Background: Using commutable external quality assessment (EQA) materials is important for monitoring successful harmonization efforts. We assessed the commutability of four human serum pool (HSP) preparations to identify candidate EQA materials for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity measurement. Methods: One set each of 85 clinical samples (CSs) was collected for ALT and AST activity measurement. The 15 candidate EQA materials included four types of HSP preparations (A to D): materials A, C, and D contained human original recombinant (HOR) aminotransferases; materials B was mixed leftover samples. The CSs and 15 candidate EQA materials were analyzed using seven routine assays, and the ln-transformed results were analyzed in 21 assay pairs. Commutability was assessed using Deming regression, with a 95% prediction interval (CLSI approach) and the difference in bias with an error component model (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine [IFCC] approach). Results: For ALT, all materials were commutable for 14–21 assay pairs according to the CLSI and IFCC approaches. For AST, B01-03 showed commutability for 14-21 assay pairs, and C01-03 and D01-03 showed commutability for no less than 10 assay pairs according to the two approaches. A01-06 were commutable for 9-16 assay pairs according to the CLSI approach, but for 6-9 assay pairs according to the IFCC approach. Conclusions: Mixed leftover samples showed desirable commutability characteristics as candidate EQA materials for routine aminotransferase activity measurements. Human serum bases supplemented with HOR were commutable for most routine ALT activity measurements.