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Fe-0.7%C-2.3%Si강의 미세조직과 기계적 성질에 미치는 잔류 오스테나이트 변태 거동
손제영 ( Je Young Son ),권도영 ( Do Young Kwon ),김지훈 ( Ji Hun Kim ),김원배 ( Won Bae Kim ),예병준 ( Byung Joon Ye ) 한국주조공학회 2012 한국주조공학회지 Vol.32 No.3
This steel has been synthesized integrating concepts from Austempering Ductile Cast Iron (ADI) technology. While ADI has excellent mechanical and physical properties, the Young`s modules of ADI is approximately 20% lower than steel. In addition, the presence of graphite nodules in ADI can be sites of crack initiation, where fracture takes place at graphite matrix interface. Because of this limitations of ADI, there has been a growing interest in austempered steels as structural materials in resent years. In this investigation, a new steel with microstructure composed of ferrite and austenite and with simultaneous high tensile strength (1,150MPa) and high ductility (33%) was developed. The goal of this investigation is to obtain a better understanding of deformation and transformation behaviour in high carbon retained austenite(γHC) and over-saturated ferrite(α) during the plastic deformation. A detailed study of the microstructure of this steel was carried out by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD) technic. In this way it was shown that BCC phase (BCC) took up the larger part of the nominal strain whereas the a part of retained austenite responded to the mechanincal load by partial martensite transformation, and misorientation change in the retained austenite after plastic strain could be attributed to the large elongation.
중ㆍ고년여성의 하지 근 기능과 요부 및 대퇴근 횡단면적의 상관관계
김창근,이수경,권영우,박정배 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2001 국제학술대회논문집 Vol.20 No.1
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between isokinetic muscle function and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA). Twelve women participated in the present study, divided young (n=6, 23.7±1.9 year) and elderly women (n=6, 60.3±6.8 year). Isokinetic strength (power, strength, endurance) and CSA (psoas major and thigh muscles) measured with dynamometer and computerized tomograph, respectively. Cross-sectional area of psoas major muscle in elderly group revealed markedly smaller than in young group, but thigh muscle was not the case. Muscle CSA in young women correlated between power and endurance and psoas major muscle, as well as between muscle strength and CSA of thigh muscle. But no correlation occurred between strength and cross sectional area, except endurance which was highly correlated between CSA and endurance. In conclusion, aging decreases muscle function and CSA. Partially muscle strength correlated with muscle CSA in young women, but no correlation occurred in elderly women. Further study needed to elucidate the exact mechanism related to aging muscle with muscle density and neuromuscular function.
장기간 항갑상선제 투여 후 임의 중단 뒤 재복용시 발생한 무과립구증 1 예
김승만;김태영;박수영;배영환;서영경 정은주;김태균;권민정;박정현;이순희 인제대학교 2011 仁濟醫學 Vol.32 No.-
Agranulocytosis, one of the major side effects of antithyroid a gents, probably occurs in less than 0.25% of cases treated with antithyroid agents. It usually occurs within the first several weeks or months after the initiation of therapy, when drug dosage is higher. Most reported cases of agranulocytosis have occurred during the first 3 months of therapy. We describe here a rare case that did not experience the side effect for 6 years of antithyroid agent treatment but presented with agranulocytosis in one month after re-exposure. It suggests that the major side effect such as agranulocytosis can occur in patients who had undergone prior uneventful antithyroid drug therapy.
Kim, Jong Hun,Chun, Byung Chul,Song, Joon Young,Kim, Hyo Youl,Bae, In-Gyu,Kim, Dong-Min,Choi, Young Hwa,Jun, Yoon Hee,Choi, Won Suk,Kang, Seong Hee,Kwon, Hyun Hee,Jeong, Hye Won,Kee, Sae Yoon,Hur, Jia Elsevier Ltd. 2019 Vaccine Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>While herd effects and serotype replacement by childhood pneumococcal protein conjugated vaccines (PCVs) continues to accumulate worldwide, direct effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) against pneumococcal diseases in the elderly has been challenged. We estimated the direct effectiveness of PPV23 in the elderly population.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>For a hospital-based case-control study, cases of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) (adults ≥ 65 years) were identified in 14 hospitals participated in the pneumococcal surveillance program from March 2013 to October 2015, following implementation of PPV23 national immunization program (NIP) for the elderly in the Republic of Korea. Controls matched by age, sex, and hospital were selected at ratios of 1:2 (IPD) or 1:1 (NBPP). Clinical data and vaccination records were collected. Vaccine effectiveness was calculated as (1-adjusted odds ratio) × 100.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>We enrolled 148 IPD and 557 NBPP cases, and 295 IPD and 557 NBPP controls for analyses. Overall effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 28.5% [95% confidence interval (CI) −5.8%–51.6%] and against NBPP was 10.2% (-15.1-30.6) in all patients ≥ 65 years. However, in subgroup analysis of patients aged 65–74 years, PPV23 was protective against IPD [effectiveness 57.4% (19.4–77.5)] and against NBPP [effectiveness 35.0% (2.3–56.7)]. Furthermore, serotype-specific effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was 90.6% (27.6–98.8) for PPV23-unique serotypes and 81.3% (38.6–94.3) for PPV23 serotypes excluding serotype 3.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>This study indicates that PPV23 with broad serotype coverage might be beneficial in preventing IPD and NBPP due to non-PCV13 serotypes in the young-elderly, with potentially increasing effectiveness in the setting of childhood PCV NIP.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> National immunization program for PPV23 for the elderly was implemented in Korea. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was effective against IPD and NBPP for young elderly patients aged 65–74. </LI> <LI> Effectiveness of PPV23 against IPD was higher for PPV23 unique serotypes. </LI> <LI> PPV23 was non-protective against IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes. </LI> </UL> </P>
STAD 학습모형에 기반한 대학 프로그래밍 수업모형 개발
배영권 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2007 교육과학연구 Vol.38 No.3
본 연구는 대학교 프로그래밍 수업에서 학생들의 문제해결력을 신장시키기 위한STAD 학습모형에 기반한 프로그래밍 수업모형을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 먼저 대학수업에서 프로그래밍 수업이 갖는 의미를 살펴보고 그 문제점을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 통해 기존 대학의 프로그래밍 수업은 단순한 예제를따라하는 방식이나 프로그래밍의 단순한 형식과 구조를 배우는 등 교육 내용과 방법상의 문제점을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이에 본 프로그래밍 수업모형에서는 프로그래밍 학습경험에 기초한 그룹형성과 동료 교수, 교수자의 지속적인 평가와 피드백을강조하여 모형을 제시하였고 궁극적으로는 제시된 수업모형을 통해 학생들의 문제해결력을 신장시킬 수 있는 가능성을 탐색하였다. 그리고 본 연구에서 제안한 수업모형을 대학교에서 1학기 동안 적용하여 본 결과 제시된 수업모형이 기존 프로그래밍 수업의 문제점을 극복하는 데 도움을 준 것으로 평가되었다. This study purposed to propose a programming instruction model based onSTAD learning model in order to enhance university students’ problem solvingabilities in programming class. For this purpose, we reviewed the meanings ofprogramming instruction in university, and examined problems in programminginstruction. Through this study, it was found that existing programminginstruction in university have problems in the contents and methods of education,following simple exercises, learning simple forms and structures of programming,etc. Thus, we proposed a programming instruction model that forms groups basedon experience in programming learning and emphasizes continuous evaluation andfeedback by peer teaching and teachers, and explored the possibility of the modelin enhancing students’ problem solving abilities. What is more, when theproposed instruction model was applied to students at University for asemester, it was found helpful to overcome problems in existing programminginstruction.
배영호,이현우,홍성태,서기영,차영문,권순걸 慶南大學校 附設 工業技術硏究所 1992 硏究論文集 Vol.10 No.-
이 논문은 MOSFET로 구성된 등가 Half-bridge형 고주파공진형 인버어터에 대해 기술하고 있다. 시분할 방식에 의한 게이트회로를 구성하여 구동함으로써 출력단에는 두개의 인버어터에서 동작되는 순시위상이 합성되어 있어 나타나므로 부하단 출력주파수는 소자의 수위칭주파수에 대해 두배가 되고 수위칭 손실이 경감되어 소자의 평균전류가 증가한다. This paper proposes a high frequency resonant inverter consisting of equivalent half bridge model using MOSFET. In this paper time-sharing control method is applied. as a result the output frequency is two times as high as switching frequency of device and average current of device is increased because of decreasing switching loss.
권영호,한선임,이준배 대한상하수도학회 2002 상하수도학회지 Vol.16 No.5
The water quality and quanity, pollution loading of the upper and direct inflow streams to DaechungHo Watershed were investigated. It was found that and the major pollution sources in DaechungHo Watershed was livestock waste. The pollution loading ratio of Kuemgang main stream, Bocheongcheon and Sookcheon in the items of BOD, TN and TP were obtained 70%, 20% and 10%, respectively. The delivery loading amounts of DaechongHo were surveyed 10,209 kg day^1 for BOD, 26,397 kg day^1 for COD, 26,288 kg day^1 for TN and 306.0 kg day^1 for TP by 2000 year when applied the 1998 and 1999 year without the flowing amount in three years.