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Methods for improving meat protein digestibility in older adults
Seung Yun Lee,Ji Hyeop Kang,Da Young Lee,정재원,김재현,문성실,허선진 한국축산학회 2023 한국축산학회지 Vol.65 No.1
This review explores the factors that improve meat protein digestibility and applies the findings to the development of home meal replacements with improved protein digestion rates in older adults. Various methods improve the digestion rate of proteins, such as heat, ultrasound, high pressure, or pulse electric field. In addition, probiotics aid in protein digestion by improving the function of digestive organs and secreting enzymes. Plant-derived proteases, such as papain, bromelain, ficin, actinidin, or zingibain, can also improve the protein digestion rate; however, the digestion rate is dependent on the plant enzyme used and protein characteristics. Sous vide processing improves the rate and extent of protein digestibility, but the protein digestion rate decreases with increasing temperature and heating time. Ultrasound, high pressure, or pulsed electric field treatments degrade the protein structure and increase the proteolytic enzyme contact area to improve the protein digestion rate.
( Seung-hyeop Nam ),( Chi-heum Cho ),( Sang-hoon Kwon ),( So-jin Shin ),( Tae-kyu Jang ),( Hye-won Chung ),( Seung-mee Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2018 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.104 No.-
Objective: To compare the operative outcomes of patients undergoing either robotic (RH) or laparoscopic single-site hysterectomy (LH) in benign gynecological diseases. Methods: This is a retrospective study comparing perioperative outcomes of RH and LH in benign gynecological diseases including leiomyoma, adenomyosis, carcinoma in situ of cervix and endometrial hyperplasia. Patient demographic data and operative data were abstracted from the electronic charts. Parameters for comparison included total operation time, postoperative hospital stay, conversion and complication. Results: One hundred patients underwent LH between December 2011 and April 2013 and three hundreds patients underwent RH February 2014 to August 2017 at Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea. No significant differences were found in terms of age, body mass index (BMI) and uterus weight. Operative time was similar: 98.3 minutes in RH and 80 in LH. Estimated blood loss was also similar: 100ml in both groups. However, there were 2 cases of conversion in LH when there was no case of conversion in RH. Postoperative hospital stay was 2.8 days in RH and 3 days in LH. No intraoperative complications occurred in both groups. Postoperative complications were 0.65% in RH and 4.9% in LH. Conclusion: This single center experience presents that RH is safe and feasible surgical approach in benign gynecological diseases with comparable outcomes while RH overcomes technical limitations of LH.
Overview of the status of the development of antiviral drugs for COVID-19
Seung Yun Lee(Seung Yun Lee),Ji Hyeop Kang(Ji Hyeop Kang),Hea Jin Kang(Hea Jin Kang),Sun Jin Hur(Sun Jin Hur) 한국축산식품학회 2020 Food and Life Vol.2020 No.2
In this study, we surveyed worldwide media reports and research papers on the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs for COVID-19 treatment published over the past few months. We found that more studies were being conducted on the use of already approved drugs (remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine, niclosamide, and ivermectin) as new COVID-19 treatments, than on the development of new antiviral drugs. This could be due to the urgent need for drug development. We found that till date, there seem to be no results on current or future COVID-19 vaccine development. However, media reports showed that numerous companies have invested in vaccine development and some clinical trials are already underway (mostly in phase I–II). According to the results of our survey, the drugs that have been previously approved to treat other diseases have not yet been found to be very effective in treating COVID-19 patients; however, remdesivir is the most promising drug. Due to the pandemic situation, the number of patients participating in these clinical trials, compared to that in other previous clinical studies, is small. Therefore, due to the low reliability of the findings, additional experiments must be continued.
Principal protocols for the processing of cultured meat
( Seung Yun Lee ),( Hea Jin Kang ),( Da Young Lee ),( Ji Hyeop Kang ),( Sivasubramanian Ramani ),( Sungkwon Park ),( Sun Jin Hur ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2021 한국축산학회지 Vol.63 No.4
The purpose of this study was to establish a basic principal procedure for the processing of cultured meat. The first stage involved isolating satellite cells from the desired muscle of an animal using enzymatic digestion (i.e., by using proteases, collagenases, and pronases). The second stage involved culturing the isolated muscle satellite cells in a growth medium containing fetal bovine serum and penicillin/streptomycin with growth factors for an optimal period of time. The second stage involved a basic method for the isolated muscle cells to proliferate while sub-culturing to further induce differentiation in gelatin-coated culture dishes with the general culture medium. The third stage involved the induction of differentiation of muscle satellite cells or formation of myotubes using myogenic medium. Lastly, the fourth stage involved the identification of cell differentiation or myotube formation (myogenesis) using fluorescent dyes. Moreover, the principle of these protocols can be applied to perform primary culture of animal cells. This study will assist beginners with the technical aspects of culturing meat (isolation, cultivation, and differentiation of muscle satellite cells as well as identification of myotube formation for myogenesis).
Analysis of in vitro digestion using human gut microbiota in adult and elderly individuals
Seung Yun Lee,Da Young Lee,Ji Hyeop Kang,Jae Won Jeong,Dong Hoon Oh,Hyun Woo Kim,Jae Hyeon Kim,Sun Jin Hur 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
In vitro human digestion models are widely used to determine the digestibility of bioactive substances and to perform drug delivery analyses. To develop the most accurate in vitro human digestion model reported to date, we simulated all digestion conditions, including pH and digestion time, with changes in the amount of digestive enzymes, motility, and proportion of human gut microbiota in adult and elderly individuals. Using this newly developed model, the digestibility of bioactive materials between adult and elderly individuals. This was demonstrated through an experiment comparing the digestibility of different types of emulsified vitamin E between adult and elderly individuals. The digestibility of vitamin E emulsified by lard was found to be significantly different between adults and the elderly. Therefore, it can be concluded that this protocol provides a novel method for measuring in vitro human digestion to compare differences in drug delivery between adult and elderly individuals. In addition, this study can help to improve our understanding of the in vitro human digestion system for adults and the elderly.
임의발생 불확실성 및 외란을 고려한 시간지연시스템의 강인비약성 H<SUB>∞</SUB> 제어기 설계 알고리듬
양승협(Seung Hyeop Yang),백승현(Seung Hyun Paik),이준영(Jun Yeong Lee),박홍배(Hong Bae Park) 대한전자공학회 2015 전자공학회논문지 Vol.52 No.12
본 논문에서는 임의적으로 발생하는 폴리토프 불확실성과 외란을 고려한 시간지연시스템의 강인비약성 H∞ 제어기설계 알고리듬을 다룬다. 먼저 임의적으로 발생하는 불확실성과 외란을 가지는 시간지연시스템을 설계하고, Lyapunov 안정성 분석과 H∞ 성능지수를 기반으로 강인비약성 H∞ 제어기가 존재하기 위한 충분조건을 선형행렬부등식(LMI, linear matrix inequality)의 형태로 제시한다. 구한 충분조건은 변수치환과 슈어 여수(Schur complement) 정리를 바탕으로 파라미터의 함수를 포함한 파라미터화 선형행렬부등식(PLMI, parameterized linear matrix inequality)으로 표현할 수 있으므로 PLMI의 모든 해로부터 제어기이득과 비약성을 만족하는 제어기 섭동영역 및 H∞ 성능을 만족하는 노옴 한계치 γ를 한번에 구할 수 있다. 마지막으로 예제와 모의실험에서 제안한 강인비약성 H∞ 제어기가 임의적으로 발생하는 불확실성 및 외란, 시간지연이 있더라도 폐루프시스템을 안정화시키고 H∞ 성능을 보장함을 확인하고 확정적인 불확실성을 기반으로 설계한 제어기와 성능을 비교한다. This paper provides a robust and non-fragile H∞ controller design algorithm for time-delayed systems with randomly occurring polytopic uncertainties and disturbances. First, we design time-delayed system considering randomly occurring uncertainties and disturbances. Next, The sufficient condition for the existence of robust and non-fragile H∞ controller is presented by LMI(linear matrix inequality) using Lyapunov stability analysis and H∞ performance measure. Since the obtained condition can be expressed as a PLMI(parameterized linear matrix inequality) by changes of variables and Schur complement, all solutions including controller gain, degrees of controller satisfying non-fragility, H∞ norm bound γ can be calculated simultaneously. Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate the performance and the effectiveness of the proposed robust and non-fragile H∞ controller compared with the deterministic uncertainty model even though there exists randomly occurring uncertainties, disturbances and time delays.
980 MPa급 열연강의 신장플랜지성에 미치는 템퍼드 마르텐사이트 기지조직과 입상 베이나이트 복합상의 영향
이주승 ( Ju Seung Lee ),이명진 ( Myung Jin Lee ),도형협 ( Hyeong Hyeop Do ),김성주 ( Seong Ju Kim ),강남현 ( Nam Hyun Kang ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2014 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.52 No.2
The main goal of the study is to obtain high strength and formability for automotive sheet steels such as wheel and chassis. Ferrite-based steels developed previously exhibited superior stretch-flangeability to 780 MPa and even to 980 MPa grade steels. However, it was difficult to achieve 980 MPa tensile strength sufficiently. To achieve a superior stretch-flangeability and to acquire a sufficiently high strength over 980 MPa, a composition of Fe-Cr-Ti-B was developed for hot rolling. The manufactured steel was coiled for 1 hour at 430, 450, and 470 ℃. Specifically, 998 MPa ultimate tensile strength, 11% total elongation, and a 59% excellent hole expansion ratio were obtained by microstructural constituents of a tempered martensite matrix and granular bainite when the coiling was conducted at 470 ℃. As the coiling temperature varied from 470 to 430 ℃, the fraction of granular bainite decreased and that of tempered martensite increased. Therefore, the deviation of phase fractions between two phases decreased at 470 ℃ coiling. Furthermore, as the hole expansion ratio (HER) increased, the hardness deviation of the two phases decreased. As the HER value increased, the crack propagation path dispersed on the second fracture surface and fracture was significantly delayed. Therefore, hot rolled steels using a tempered martensite matrix and granular bainite had the same behavior of stretch-flangeability with respect to the hardness deviation and crack propagation path as compared with the steels using a ferrite matrix. For high strength steels composed of the tempered martensite matrix and granular bainite, however, the minimal deviation between the two constituent phases was acknowledged as an important factor to increase stretch-flangeability. †(Received May 8, 2013)