Benzo-thia-fused [ <i>n</i> ]thienoacenequinodimethanes with small to moderate diradical characters: the role of pro-aromaticity <i>versus</i> anti-aromaticity

Shi, Xueliang,Quintero, Estefaní,a,Lee, Sangsu,Jing, Linzhi,Herng, Tun Seng,Zheng, Bin,Huang, Kuo-Wei,Ló,pez Navarrete, Juan T.,Ding, Jun,Kim, Dongho,Casado, Juan,Chi, Chunyan Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Chemical Science Vol.7 No.5

<▼1><P>Pro-aromatic <B>Th<I>n</I>-TIPS</B> exhibits distinctly different physical properties from anti-aromatic <B>S<I>n</I>-TIPS</B>.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Open-shell singlet diradicaloids have recently received much attention due to their unique optical, electronic and magnetic properties and promising applications in materials science. Among various diradicaloids, quinoidal π-conjugated molecules have become the prevailing design. However, the need for a fundamental understanding on how the fusion mode and pro-aromaticity/anti-aromaticity affect their diradical character and physical properties remains unaddressed. In this work, a series of pro-aromatic benzo-thia-fused [<I>n</I>]thienoacenequinodimethanes (<B>Th<I>n</I>-TIPS</B> (<I>n</I> = 1–3) and <B>BDTh-TIPS</B>) were synthesized and compared with the previously reported anti-aromatic bisindeno-[<I>n</I>]thienoacenes (<B>S<I>n</I>-TIPS</B>, <I>n</I> = 1–4). The ground-state geometric and electronic structures of these new quinoidal molecules were systematically investigated by X-ray crystallographic analysis, variable temperature NMR, ESR, SQUID, Raman, and electronic absorption spectroscopy, assisted by DFT calculations. It was found that the diradical character index (<I>y</I><SUB>0</SUB>) increased from nearly zero for <B>Th1-TIPS</B> to 2.4% for <B>Th2-TIPS</B>, 18.2% for <B>Th3-TIPS</B>, and 38.2% for <B>BDTh-TIPS</B>, due to the enhanced aromatic stabilization. Consequently, with the extension of molecular size, the one-photon absorption spectra are gradually red-shifted, the two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section values increase, and the singlet excited state lifetimes decrease. By comparison with the corresponding anti-aromatic analogues <B>S<I>n</I>-TIPS</B> (<I>n</I> = 1–3), the pro-aromatic <B>Th<I>n</I>-TIPS</B> (<I>n</I> = 1–3) exhibit larger diradical character, longer singlet excited state lifetime and larger TPA cross section value. At the same time, they display distinctively different electronic absorption spectra and improved electrochemical amphotericity. Spectroelectrochemical studies revealed a good linear relationship between the optical energy gaps and the molecular length in the neutral, radical cationic and dicationic forms. Our research work discloses a significant difference between the pro-aromatic and anti-aromatic quinoidal compounds and provides guidance for the design of new diradicaloids with desirable properties.</P></▼2>

Research on 3D Face Geometric Modeling Approach Based on Scattered-point Cloud

SHI LI-juan,ZHAO Jian,CHE Na,ZHI-yong 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.11

With noise and plenty of redundant points, point cloud data obtained from non-contact scan method affects the reconstruction of geometric model. In view of the fact that de-noising and simplification of original point cloud data serve as key points of geometric reconstruction, this paper, based on noise properties, puts forward a method to eliminate noise points at different scales through combination of chord height error and improved filter operator, and introduces an algorithm to carry out non-uniform simplification of point cloud based on bounding box and curvature fusion, through which feature points can be reserved in the process of eliminating redundant point cloud, and reduced points cloud data can thus be obtained. Finally, a geometrical face model is established through integration of multi-view point cloud in different angles and data registration. It can be demonstrated through experiments that this method can improve the arithmetic speed with the reconstruction integrity guaranteed and establish highly realistic 3D face model with structural integrity and smooth surface.

On the Costume Culture in South Korean Movies and Television Series and Its Creative Industries

( Ya Juan Shi ),( Ping Jian Guo ) 복식문화학회 2010 Fashion, industry and education Vol.13 No.1

The goal of this study is to analyze the influence of he costume culture of South Korean movies and television series on the development of fashion industry. South Korean movies and television series make full use of the influence of costume culture to advocate Korea`s national spirit and character as well as the confidence and vigor of the young generation. They contribute to establishing South Korea as a country with a graceful, modern appearance and great cultural heritage. The presentation and promotion of its costume culture in movie and television series stimulates its cultural competence and advances its cultural creative industry. The spread of Korean costume culture has become the pioneer and foreshadowing of clothing industries and greatly underpins its advancement overseas. In concert, the development of clothing industry helps the spread of Korean costume culture.

중국 패션 잡화 시장 진출을 위한 동물 캐릭터 기반의 가방 디자인 연구 -디즈니 애니메이션 ‘이상한 나라의 앨리스’ 에 등장하는 고양이 캐릭터를 중심으로-

스쮜엔 ( Shi Juan ),김현주 ( Kim Hyun-joo ),윤지영 ( Youn Ji-young ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회(구 시각디자인학회) 2019 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.69 No.-

애니메이션이나 만화에 등장하는 캐릭터는 현대패션 산업의 다양한 품목에 활발히 적용되고 있으며 특유의 유머러스한 친근감으로 사람들에서 인기를 얻고 있다. 오늘날 캐릭터 산업은 OSMU 전략을 통해 다양한 패션 제품으로 파생되어 점차 독립적인 산업 분야로 발전하게 되었다. 이 중 동물 캐릭터는 현대 패션 산업에서 활발하게 응용되고 있으며, 대중들에게 시각적 즐거움과 유희적 감성을 준다. 이와 같은 맥락에서 본 연구자는 동물 캐릭터를 활용한 가방 디자인과 제작을 진행하고자 한다. 현재 중국 내에서 가장 인기가 많은 캐릭터는 디즈니(Disney)의 애니메이션 시리즈의 캐릭터들이 가히 압도적이다. 이에 본 연구는 디즈니사의 동물 캐릭터를 활용하여 패션 산업에서 고부가가치를 얻을 수 있는 가방 디자인을 연구하고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 방법은 이론적 고찰을 통한 디자인과 작품 제작 과정으로 진행되었다. 캐릭터에 관한 이론적 고찰은 단행본을 중심으로 캐릭터의 정의와 기원에 대하여 살펴보았으며, 다음으로 현재 중국과 해외의 캐릭터 시장 현황을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 최근 3년 간 발표된 현대 패션에서 동물 캐릭터를 활용한 가방과 컬렉션 이미지 사례를 중심으로 분석하여 도출한 특성을 디자인에 적용하였다. 작품 디자인은 '이상한 나라의 앨리스'에 등장하는 고양이 '체셔 캣'을 주제로 캐릭터를 단순화 및 재해석하여 가방 디자인에 도입하였다. 그 결과, 총 4개의 고양이 캐릭터 핸드백 디자인을 제시하였으며, 그 중에 1개를 실물 가방으로 제작하였다. 위의 과정을 통하여 개발된 캐릭터 가방작품은 '이상한 나라의 앨리스' 고양이 표정 중 입과 눈의 특징을 강조하여 이미지의 독창성과 개성, 재미와 친화성을 부여하고자 하였다. 이와 같은 동물 캐릭터의 활용은 대중에게 친숙함과 함께 디자인의 창의적 모티브 역할을 하였으며, 향 후 패션 산업 분야에 폭 넓게 적용되기를 바라는 바이다. In the modern fashion industry, characters are very actively applied to a variety of items as well as characters appearing in animations and cartoons, and are gaining popularity among people for their unique humorous friendliness. Today's character industry has been derived from a variety of fashion products through this OSMU strategy, and gradually developed into an independent industry field. Among them, animals are actively applied in the modern fashion industry, and the design applying animal characters gives the public visual pleasure. In this context, the researcher wants to proceed with the design and manufacture of bags using animal characters. Currently, the most popular characters in China are overwhelmingly the characters of Disney's animated series. This study aims to study the design of high value-added bags in the fashion industry using Disney's animal characters. Theoretical consideration of the character was focused on the book, and the definition and origin of the character, and then based on the OSMU strategy, we looked at the current status of the character market in China and overseas markets. To this end, the expression characteristics of the design were applied to the design by analyzing the bag and collection image cases using animal characters in modern fashion announced in the last three years. The researcher simplified and reinterpreted characters under the theme of "Cheshire Cat," a cat in "Alice in Wonderland," and introduced them into the design of a bag. A total of four cat character handbag designs were presented and one of them was made from a real bag. Developed through the above production process, the work emphasized the characteristics of the mouth and eyes among the 'Alice in Wonderland' cat expressions, inspired by various designs with the originality, individuality, fun and affinity of the image.

Understanding the synergistic effect of WO₃–BiVO₄ heterostructures by impedance spectroscopy

Shi, Xinjian,Herraiz-Cardona, Isaac,Bertoluzzi, Luca,Lopez-Varo, Pilar,Bisquert, Juan,Park, Jong Hyeok,Gimenez, Sixto The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.18 No.13

<P>WO3-BiVO4 n-n heterostructures have demonstrated remarkable performance in photoelectrochemical water splitting due to the synergistic effect between the individual components. Although the enhanced functional capabilities of this system have been widely reported, in-depth mechanistic studies explaining the carrier dynamics of this heterostructure are limited. The main goal is to provide rational design strategies for further optimization as well as to extend these strategies to different candidate systems for solar fuel production. In the present study, we perform systematic optoelectronic and photoelectrochemical characterization to understand the carrier dynamics of the system and develop a simple physical model to highlight the importance of the selective contacts to minimize bulk recombination in this heterostructure. Our results collectively indicate that while BiVO4 is responsible for the enhanced optical properties, WO3 controls the transport properties of the heterostructured WO3-BiVO4 system, leading to reduced bulk recombination.</P>

Glia maturation factor beta deficiency protects against diabetic osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclast hyperactivity

Shi Si,Gu Huijie,Xu Jinyuan,Sun Wan,Liu Caiyin,Zhu Tong,Wang Juan,Gao Furong,Zhang Jieping,Ou Qingjian,Jin Caixia,Xu Jingying,Chen Hao,Li Jiao,Xu Guotong,Tian Haibin,Lu Lixia 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Excessive osteoclast activation, which depends on dramatic changes in actin dynamics, causes osteoporosis (OP). The molecular mechanism of osteoclast activation in OP related to type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear. Glia maturation factor beta (GMFB) is considered a growth and differentiation factor for both glia and neurons. Here, we demonstrated that Gmfb deficiency effectively ameliorated the phenotype of T1D-OP in rats by inhibiting osteoclast hyperactivity. In vitro assays showed that GMFB participated in osteoclast activation rather than proliferation. Gmfb deficiency did not affect osteoclast sealing zone (SZ) formation but effectively decreased the SZ area by decreasing actin depolymerization. When GMFB was overexpressed in Gmfb-deficient osteoclasts, the size of the SZ area was enlarged in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, decreased actin depolymerization led to a decrease in nuclear G-actin, which activated MKL1/SRF-dependent gene transcription. We found that pro-osteoclastogenic factors (Mmp9 and Mmp14) were downregulated, while anti-osteoclastogenic factors (Cftr and Fhl2) were upregulated in Gmfb KO osteoclasts. A GMFB inhibitor, DS-30, targeting the binding site of GMFB and Arp2/3, was obtained. Biocore analysis revealed a high affinity between DS-30 and GMFB in a dose-dependent manner. As expected, DS-30 strongly suppressed osteoclast hyperactivity in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, our work identified a new therapeutic strategy for T1D-OP treatment. The discovery of GMFB inhibitors will contribute to translational research on T1D-OP.

Molecular Cloning, Characterization and Functional Analysis of a 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 2, 4-cyclodiphosphate Synthase Gene from Ginkgo biloba

( Shi Gao ),( Juan Lin ),( Xue Fen Liu ),( Zhong Xiang Deng ),( Ying Jun Li ),( Xiao Fen Sun ),( Ke Xuan Tang ) 생화학분자생물학회 2006 BMB Reports Vol.39 No.5

CIC-3 chloride channel blockade protects mouse photoreceptorderived 661W cells against ischemia-reperfusion-induced injury in vitro

Shi Wei Huang,Yuan Yin,Ya Juan Zheng,Ya Ru Dong 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.1

Exposure to ischemia/reperfusion leads to the development and progression of retinal degenerative diseases. However, the exact mechanisms are not fully understood. In this article, the role of CIC-3 chloride channel in OGD-R (oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion)-induced retinal damage was examined. Mouse photoreceptor-derived 661W cells were treated with the CIC-3 antisense oligonucleotide before exposure to OGD-R. Cell viability, mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome-c level, DNA fragmentation, caspase activity and protein expression were detected. Pretreatment of 661W cells with CIC- 3 antisense oligonucleotide significantly decreased OGD-R-mediated toxicity. In addition, apoptosis-related biochemical indicators showed that pre-incubation of CIC-3 antisense oligonucleotide would elevate the mitochondrial membrane potential, decrease the release of cytochrome-c as well as formation of DNA fragmentation, and inhibit activities of caspase-3 and caspase- 9 in exogenous OGD-R-treated 661W cells. Moreover, treatment with CIC-3 antisense oligonucleotide changed the expression of apoptosis-related protein. These results suggest that CIC-3 chloride channel mediates OGD-R-induced apoptosis, at least partially through mitochondrial membrane potential pathway and increasing the levels of proapoptotic molecules in 661W cells. CIC-3 chloride channel blockade may provide a new therapeutic approach for preventing ischemia/reperfusion- induced retinal neural damage.

Numerical Study on the Damage Characteristics of Layered Shale Using 3D DEM

Juan Huang,Yintao Song,Ming-feng Lei,Cheng-hua Shi,Chaojun Jia,Jian Zhang 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.12

Layered shale is a kind of rock with obvious anisotropy, which is significantly influenced by the inclination angle of the rock. In this study, the influence of bedding dip on the strength characteristics, failure mode, and internal fracture evolution of layered shale was investigated through laboratory triaxial compression tests and three-dimensional discrete element numerical simulations. Results show that the numerical model of layered shale constructed using the bonded block model can simulate the layered shale in terms of U-shaped strength variation and failure modes very well. Based on the distribution of cracks and failure characteristics of layered rocks, the failure modes of layered rocks are classified as follows: Shear failure across the bedding plane, slip failure along bedding planes, combined tensile splitting and shear failure. The development of microcracks damage in the slip failure model is controlled by interlayer joints, while in other failure modes, it is jointly controlled by the rock matrix and interlayer joints. The relationship between microscopic joint parameters and the variations of Young's modulus and peak strength has been proposed.

Downregulated MicroRNA-133a in Gastric Juice as a Clinicopathological Biomarker for Gastric Cancer Screening

Shao, Juan,Fang, Peng-Hua,He, Biao,Guo, Li-Li,Shi, Ming-Yi,Zhu, Yan,Bo, Ping,Zhang, Zhen-Wen Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5

Circulatory miR-133a is a marker shared by several types of cancer. In this study we evaluated the feasibility of using miR-133a levels in gastric juice to screen for gastric cancer. A total of 204 samples of gastric juice and mucosa from gastric cancer, atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, superficial gastritis and healthy cases were collected by gastroscopy. The results showed that miR-133a levels in gastric juice and carcinoma tissues of patients with gastric cancer were significantly downregulated and positively correlated. Moreover, miR-133a in gastric juice has high operability, high reliability, high sensitivity, high specificity and relative stability, fit for clinical diagnosis of gastric cancer.