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Progranulin protects lung epithelial cells from cigarette smoking‐induced apoptosis
Lee, Kyoung Young,Park, So‐,Young,Park, Sunjoo,Hong, Gyong Hwa,Moon, Keun‐,Ai,Kim, You‐,Sun,Oh, Yeon‐,Mok,Kwon, Hyouk‐,Soo,Kim, Tae‐,Bum,Moon, Hee‐,Bom,Cho, Y John Wiley Sons, Ltd 2017 RESPIROLOGY Vol.22 No.6
<P><B>ABSTRACT</B></P><P><B>Background and objective</B></P><P>Emphysema is characterized by irreversible destruction of alveolar walls with distal air space enlargement. Cigarette smoke (CS) is considered a major risk factor for emphysematous changes in COPD. Progranulin (PGRN), a glycoprotein induced by CS, has been reported to participate in apoptosis. However, the precise role of PGRN in emphysema is currently unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the role of PGRN in human alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) in response to CS.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>First, PGRN expression was assessed in a mouse model of CS‐induced emphysema and in AECs after exposure to CS extract (CSE). Then, the effect of PGRN on CSE‐mediated apoptosis was determined under PGRN silencing or overexpressing conditions. To investigate the functional mechanism of PGRN, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway were also evaluated in the CSE‐exposed cells. Finally, PGRN expression levels in sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured and compared between patients with COPD and healthy subjects.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Our results revealed that PGRN expression was elevated in CS‐exposed mouse lungs and CSE‐treated AECs. CSE‐induced cellular apoptosis was significantly increased in PGRN‐knockdown AECs and decreased in PGRN‐overexpression cells. The activation of ER stress‐associated molecules correlated with PGRN expression levels. Compared with healthy controls, COPD patients exhibited significantly lower PGRN serum levels and higher PBMC intracellular PGRN levels.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>PGRN in airway epithelial cells may regulate CS‐induced AEC apoptosis and may be involved in the development of COPD.</P>
( Jung Hwa Lee ),( Nam Joon Yi ),( Kyung Suk Suh ),( Kuhn Uk Lee ),( Gyeong Hoon Kang ),( Jeong Kee Seo ),( Jea Sung Ko ),( Ju Young Chang ),( Hye Ran Yang ),( Jeong Ok Shim ),( Jae Joon Han ),( Jee Y 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-
Background/Aims: Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a serious disease that has been defined as uncontrolled proliferation of lymphocytes in a context of posttransplant immunosuppression. Because it may progress to malignancy, PTLD is a life-threatening complication of organ transplantation in children. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of PTLD after liver transplantation in Korean children. Methods: From January 1988 to December 2006, 7 of 121 pediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation were diagnosed with PTLD. We retrospectively analyzed the age at transplantation, time of presentation after transplantation, clinical manifestations, histological findings, results of EBV assessments, managements and outcomes of PTLD. Results: The incidence of PTLD in liver transplant pediatric recipients was 5.8%. The mean (SD) age of patients at the time of liver transplantation was 8.57±4.65 months (range 4 to 18 months). PTLD were diagnosed less than 8 months after transplantation in five patients, at 41 months in one, and at 61 months in one. The common clinical presentations were persistent fever, diarrhea and hematochezia. Six of seven patients were found with EBV-positive. Histologic findings showed ``early lesion`` in two, polymorphic in two, and monomorphic in three patients. Burkitt lymphoma and lymphoblastic lymphoma were found in two of three monomorphic patients. All patients were treated with reduction of immunosuppression and infusion of gancyelovir. Rituximab was added in three patients. PTLD were successfully managed in all patients except one who died of sepsis during chemotherapy. Conclusions: PTLD is a fatal disease in liver transplant pediatric recipients. Early detection through the quantitative assay of EBV or gastrointestinal endoscopy, and adequate treatment such as reduction of immunosuppressant, antiviral agent and anti-CD 20 antibody therapy are important in the favorable outcome of PTLD.
한국성인에서 S상결장경검사로 관찰된 대장 용종의 빈도와 특성
이화영(Hwa Young Lee),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),김영호(Young Ho Kim),성인경(In Kyung Sung),전성국(Seong Gook Jeon),손희정(Hee Jung Son),이풍렬(Poong Lyunl Rhee),고광철(Kwang Chul Koh),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee),오영륜(Y 대한내과학회 1998 대한내과학회지 Vol.55 No.1
Objectives: Colorectal polyps play an integral role in the development of colon cancer. The prevalence of colorectal polyps in Korea was reported to be 5-12%. However, these results were obtained from retrospective studies, in which the subjects were symptomatic patients. Therefore, we performed a prospective study in asymptomatic Korean adults to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors of colorectal polyps. Methods Flexible sigmoidoscopy was done during the period between August 1994 to November 1995 in 2,985 aymptomatic individuals who visited Samsung Medical Center for health check-ups. Results : 1) Polyps were found in 590 subjects (20.4%) out of 2,985 individuals. The prevalence rate increased with age. 2) In histologic findings of colorectal polyps, there were 369 cases (45.8%) of adenomatous polyps, 245 cases (30.4%) of hyperplastic polyps and 5 cases of carcinomas. 3) Moderate to severe dysplasia was found in 15.4% of adenomatous polyps and the grade of dysplasia increased with polyp size. 4) The prevalence rate of polyps increased according to obesity, blood cholesterol and triglyceride level, the frequency of alcohol consumption and the amount of smoking in cases. Conclusions: Screening by sigmoidoscopy is considered to be beneficial for detection of colorectal polyps in asymptomatic Korean adults, especially in individuals with risk factors such as obesity, heavy smoking and alcohol consumption.
( Jong Hwa Lee ),( Myung Woo Choi ),( Sung Sik Oh ),( Mi Rim Choi ),( Hyun Ju Yang ),( Moon Sik Park ),( Jae Un Lee ),( Shang Hoon Han ),( Young Jae Lee ),( Yong Keun Cho ),( Ji Woong Cho ),( So Hee Y 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2014 No.1
Introduction: Infi ammatory fi broid polyp is a rare benign tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. The most common site of the tumor is the gastric antrum, followed by ileum. It originates from the submucosa. It is composed of fi brous tissue, blood vessels and numerous infi ammatory cells such as eosinophils. In the cases of infi ammatory fi broid polyp in the ileum, most of polyps are solitary lesions and they usually present as intestinal obstruction or intussusception. Case: A 42 year old male presented epigastric pain. He had peptic ulcer 2 years ago. Under endoscopy, he had peptic ulcer with partial gastric outlet obstruction again. But, CT (computerized tomography)scan showed ileocolic intussusception secondary to ileal mass. Laparoscopic hemicolectomy was performed. The ileal mass was an infi ammatory fi broid polyp. Conclusion: It was diffi cult to diagnose this intusscusception secondary to infi ammatory fi broid polyp in the ileum because of partial gastric outlet obstruction. Careful investigation is important to diagnose this disease exactly.
유승화 ( Seung-hwa Yu ),김영근 ( Young-keun Kim ),최일수 ( Il-su Choi ),우제근 ( Jea-keun Woo ),현창식 ( Chang-sik Hyun ),강태경 ( Tae-gyoung Kang ),전현종 ( Hyeon-jong Jun ),이상희 ( Sang-hee Lee ),김진구 ( Jin-gu Kim ),최용 ( Y 한국농업기계학회 2019 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.2
최근 몇 년간 드론은 급격한 기술 발전을 이루었으며, 특히 농업 분야에 새로운 형태의 농용 플랫폼으로 자리 매김하였다. 농업용 드론은 빠르게 보급되고 있지만 이용 형태 등 현황 파악은 부족한 실정이다. 특히 드론용 노즐은 무인헬기용을 대부분 사용하고 있으나 드론은 멀티로터로 추력의 유동형태가 무인헬기와 달라 분무된 약액의 비산 또는 확산 특성이 다르므로 드론의 하향풍 유동 특성에 적합한 분무 노즐이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 영농 현장에서 사용되고 있는 드론 이용 형태를 조사하고, 드론의 분무 노즐 특성을 분석하여 노즐의 VMD를 제시하고자 하였다. 드론의 이용 현황을 정부 지원으로 보급된 기종을 중심으로 용도별, 지역별로 조사·분석한 결과, 농업용 드론은 총 706대를 작목반 등 일반 농가(309대)와 농협(215대), 영농법인(126대), 기술원·센터(56대)에서 이용하고 있었다. 무인헬기는 방제전용으로 농협(168대), 영농법인(61), 기술원·센터(10), 농가 등(6)로 총 245대를 보급하여 이용하고 있었다. 용도는 방제용 91.4%, 교육용 4.8, 시비·파종용 2.8, 예측용 0.7으로 조사되었으며, 드론을 이용한 농약 방제가 영농 현장에서 가장 큰 이용 효과가 있었다. 지역별로 살펴보면, 전남 40.9%, 전북 23.4, 충남 12.2 등이며, 무인헬기는 전남(30.6%), 전북(18.0), 경남(17.6) 등으로 나타났다. 전남·북지역에서 드론과 무인헬기의 이용률이 높게 나타나는 것은 지리적으로 평야지역이 많고 수도작(벼) 생산 단지가 많이 위치해 있어 드론 운용에 편리하기 때문인 것으로 판단되었다. 드론용 노즐의 분무 특성을 ISO/DIS 16119-5 규정을 기초로 분석한 결과를 ISO S10625의 컬러 코드로 나타내면, 40 psi(2.76bar)에서 노즐이 2개인 경우는 Orange(0.1GPM(0.38LPM)) ~ Red(0.4 GPM(1.51LPM)), 노즐 4∼6개는 Orange(0.1 GPM(0.38LPM)) ~ Yellow(0.2 GPM(0.76LPM))로 분석되었다. 이와 같이 노즐의 오리피스 분사량을 분석한 결과를 종합하여 비산 감소 액적 크기를 나타내면 Medium(Yellow, VMD 236∼340㎛)∼Extremely coarse(White, 503∼665㎛) 범위이다. 현재 농업용 드론에 시용되고 있는 노즐을 분석 결과 대부분의 노즐은 XR 계열(flat-fan type)로 유량범위는 0.1~0.2 GPM(0.38~0.76 LPM), 분무각은 80°, 110°, 액적 크기는 114~235 ㎛(Fine, Orange) 범위를 나타내고 있다. Hollow cone type의 TX 계열의 노즐 액적 크기는 61~144 ㎛(Very Fine, Red) 범위이다. 이때 Very Fine(61~144 ㎛) 범위의 액적 크기는 측면풍이 없고 호버링 조건에서 도포율을 향상시킬수 있지만 실제 드론 비행 조건에서는 비산에 매우 취약하다. 따라서 실제 비행 조건에서 취약점을 극복하기 위해서는 드론 방제에 약 236∼340㎛의 상용 노즐을 이용하면 비산을 줄이고 방제 효율 향상에 효과적이라고 판단되었다.
Han Donghoon,Kim Sun-Hwa,Shin Dong Geum,Kang Min-Kyung,Choi Seonghoon,Lee Namho,Kim Byeong-Keuk,Joo Hyung Joon,Chang Kiyuk,Park Yongwhi,Song Young Bin,Ahn Sung Gyun,Suh Jung-Won,Lee Sang Yeub,Her Ae-Y 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.3
Background: Coronary artery disease patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) often exhibit reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, the impact of LV dysfunction status in conjunction with platelet reactivity on clinical outcomes has not been previously investigated. Methods: From the multicenter PTRG-DES (Platelet function and genoType-Related long-term prognosis in DES-treated patients) consortium, the patients were classified as preserved-EF (PEF: LVEF ≥ 50%) and reduced-EF (REF: LVEF< 5 0%) group by echocardiography. Platelet reactivity was measured using VerifyNow P2Y12 assay and high platelet reactivity (HPR) was defined as PRU ≥ 252. The major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) were a composite of death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and stroke at 5 years after PCI. Major bleeding was defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium bleeding types 3–5. Results: A total of 13,160 patients from PTRG-DES, 9,319 (79.6%) patients with the results of both PRU and LVEF were analyzed. The incidence of MACCE and major bleeding was higher in REF group as compared with PEF group (MACCEs: hazard ratio [HR] 2.17, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.85–2.55; major bleeding: HR 1.78, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.39–2.78). The highest rate of MACCEs was found in patients with REF and HPR, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (HR 3.14 in REF(+)/HPR(+) vs. PEF(+)/HPR(-) group, P < 0.01, 95% CI 2.51–3.91). The frequency of major bleeding was not associated with the HPR in either group. Conclusion: LV dysfunction was associated with an increased incidence of MACCEs and major bleeding in patients who underwent PCI. The HPR status further exhibited significant increase of MACCEs in patients with LV dysfunction in a large, real-world registry.
Korean variant dogs have red blood cells with high amino acid accumulation
Fujise, Hiroshi,Lim, Yoon-kyu,Lee, Kyoung-kap,Kim, Seong-hee,Hahn, Woong,Kim, Gon-hyung,Kim, Ji-hyun,Ko, Young-su,Kim, Sung-sun,Youn, Hwa-young,Youn, Sin-keun,Lee, Yong-soon,Ochiai, Hideharu,Tanaka, Y The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1999 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.39 No.4
Amino acids, Na, K and glutathione (GSH) in red blood cells (RBCs) and hematological indices were examined in Korean dogs. A total of seven dogs possessing RBCs with high K and high glutathione (GSH)(HK/HG) were found in 42 Korean dogs : three from Cheju dog, two from Jindo dog and two from Korean mongrel. The RBCs in Korean HK/HG dog contained abnormally high aspartate (Asp), Glu and glutamine (Gln) the same as in HK/HG RBCs from Japanese Shiba dog. Two dogs possessing RBCs with HK and low GSH (HK/LG) were found in Cheju dog, and they accumulated Asp and Gln. Thus, not only the existence of HK dog was confirmed in Korean dogs, but HK/LG dog was also found. The Asp concentration in RBCs from seven of 33 LK dogs was more than $1000{\mu}mol/lc$, the same as in variant LK RBCs with defective Glu/Asp transport (LK/GAT), while it was less than $800{\mu}mol/lc$ in normal LK RBCs. Thus, there were variant dogs having RBCs with abnormally high amino acids accumulation among HK and LK Korean dogs.
연구논문 : 응급 간이식을 받은 전격성 A형간염 환자의 임상 양상: 다른 원인에 의한 급성 간부전 환자와의 비교
김진동 ( Jin Dong Kim ),최종영 ( Jong Young Choi ),박정화 ( Chung Hwa Park ),송명준 ( Myeong Jun Song ),장정원 ( Jeong Won Jang ),배시현 ( Si Hyun Bae ),윤승규 ( Seung Kew Yoon ),이영석 ( Young Sok Lee ),유영경 ( Young Kyoung Y 대한간학회 2010 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.16 No.1
목적: 최근 A형간염에 따른 전격성 간부전이 증가하고, 이에 따른 응급 간이식이 많이 시행되고 있다. 이 연구에서 전격성 A형간염으로 간이식을 시행받은 환자의 임상적 특징을 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2007년 12월부터 2009년 5월까지 본 이식센터에서 기저 간질환 없이 IgM anti-HAV 항체 양성으로 간이식을 시행받은 환자 11명의 임상자료를 같은 분기에 다른 원인의 급성 간부전으로 이식을 받은 환자 10명의 자료와 후향적으로 비교하였다. 결과: A형간염에 의한 간부전군(HAV군)의 연령은 중앙값이 34세(범위: 15~43)였고, 남자가 3명(27.3%)이었다. HAV군에서 다른 원인의간부전군(non-HAV군)보다 헤모글로빈, AST, ALT, 레아티닌 수치가 높았고(각각 P=0.005, 0.001, 0.001, 0.010), 빌리루빈 수치는 낮았다(P=0.003). HAV군에서 임상증상을 처음 자각한 시점부터 간성뇌증의 발현까지의 기간은 중앙값이 5일(범위: 4~13)로 임상 경과가 빠르게 진행했다(P<0.001). HAV 군에서 간성뇌증의 진행은 실험실검사 소견 및 기존 예후예측모델의 점수와 연관성이 낮았고, 기존의 간이식 기준과 부합하는 경우도 적었다. 결론: A형간염에 의한 급성 간부전 환자의 임상 양상은 빠르게 진행하며, 실험실검사 소견이나 기존의 예후예측모델은 A형간염 환자에서 간이식 대상자를 선정하는 기준으로 충분하지 않다. Background/Aims: According to recent prevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, acute liver failure ALF) due to HAV infection is observed frequently in parallel. The aim of this study was to elucidate the clinical, laboratory, and pathologic features of patients who have undergone emergency liver transplantation (LT) due to fulminant HAV infection. Methods: Clinical, laboratory, and pathologic data of 11 transplant recipients with anti-HAV IgM-positive ALF between December 2007 and May 2009 were analyzed, and compared with data of 10 recipients who underwent LT for the management of ALF due to other causes. Results: The median age of the patients with HAV-related ALF was 34 years (range: 15-43 years). The levels of hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatinine were higher and the level of bilirubin was lower in the HAV-related ALF group than in the other group (P=0.005, 0.001, 0.001, 0.010, and 0.003, respectively). The time from the onset of initial symptoms to the development of encephalopathy was shorter in the HAV-related ALF group than in the other group (median 5 days, range: 4-13 days; P<0.001). In patients with HAV-related ALF, laboratory findings and clinical prognostic parameters including the Acute Liver Failure Study Group prognostic index, King`s College criteria, and model for endstage liver disease (MELD) and Child-Pugh scores were not associated with the grade of hepatic encephalopathy or time of progression to encephalopathy. Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that the clinical condition of patients with HAV-related ALF requiring emergency LT aggravates rapidly. Prognostic parameters are not sufficient for discriminating transplant candidates in patients with fulminant hepatitis A. (Korean J Hepatol 2010;16:19-28)