Effects of an Electric Pulse on Variation of Bacterial Community and Metabolite Production in Kimchi-making Culture

Da Hye Joo,전보영,DOO HYUN PARK 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.5

Three, six, nine, and twelve V of electric pulse (EP) was applied to a culture of Weissella cibaria SKkimchi1in MRS medium and kimchi-making culture (KMC). Viable cell number of SKkimchi1 in MRS medium was decreased in proportion to pulse intensity but that of bacteria in KMC was not. Lactic acid and ethanol produced by SKkimchi1tended to be decreased in proportion to EP intensity but acetic acid was proportionally increased to EP intensity. Lactic acid, ethanol, and propionic acid produced in KMC were proportionally decreased, but acetic acid was proportionally increased to the EP intensity. Bacterial community and diversity in KMC were analyzed based on culture time by a temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE)technique. Most bacterial communities grown in freshly prepared kimchi belonged to Bacillus genus. Lactic acid bacteria responsible for kimchi fermentation began to grow on day 4, and were completely substituted for Bacillus genus on day 8, but some Bacillus genus began to grow again on day 12. However, bacterial community diversities were not different based on varying EP intensity.

Benzo(a)pyrene represses melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells

Da Hye Joo,Hwa Jun Cha,Karam Kim,Minhee Jung,Jung Min Ko,In Sook An,Sung Nae Lee,Hyun Hee Jang,Seunghee Bae,Nam Kyung Roh,Kyu Joong Ahn,Sungkwan An 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2015 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.11 No.3

Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a chemically based polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) that is readily absorbed by the skin. BaP is metabolized to BaP-diolepoxide by cytochromes P-450 1A1/2 (CYP1A1/2) and cytochromes P-450 1B1 (CYP1B1) in the cytosol. BaP and its metabolites induce genotoxicity and cancer. Although BaP easily accumulates in melanin-containing tissues as well as other tissue types, the effects of BaP on melanocytes are not fully understood. Here, we show that 40-100 μM BaP represses melanin synthesis in B16F10 cells. The decrease of melanin contents is induced by tyrosinase activity in BaP-exposed B16F10. However, this repression of melanin synthesis is not induced by direct inhibition of tyrosinase in in vitro assay. Therefore, we show whether BaP regulated melanin synthesis-related enzyme. BaP regulates melanin synthesis by Tyr and Tyrp1 expression. In addition, these genes expression is down-regulated by Mitf repressed by BaP. Importantly, the repression was provoked in the absence and presence of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Therefore, we hypothesize BaP interrupts the UV protection mechanism by repressing melanin synthesis in the skin. Taken together our results have revealed new side effects that exposure of BaP abolished melanin synthesis in melanocytes.

CCD-986sk 세포 내 참깨 에탄올 추출물의 항주름 활성 연구

주다혜 ( Da-hye Joo ),유단희 ( Dan-hee Yoo ),이진영 ( Jin-young Lee ) 대한화장품학회 2016 대한화장품학회지 Vol.42 No.4

본 연구에서는 참깨 추출물의 주름개선 화장품 원료로의 가능성을 확인하기 위하여, 참깨의 70% 에탄올 추출물을 제조하여, 엘라스타제 저해능, 콜라게나제 저해능, matrixmetallopoteinases (MMPs)의 단백질, mRNA 발현 저해 효능을 측정하였다. Elastase와 collagenase 저해활성은 1000 μ g/mL 농도에서 각각 37.8%와 45%의 효소 활성을 억제를 나타내었다. 섬유아세포에서 참깨 에탄올 추출물의 세포 생존율을 확인한 결과 100 μ g/mL 농도에서 96%의 생존율을 보였다. 참깨 에탄올 추출물을 처리한 섬유아세포에서 matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3)의 단백질 발현 및 mRNA 발현 억제 효과를 확인한 결과 단백질 발현은 100 μ g/mL 농도에서 63%, 43%, 49%의 저해율을 나타내었고, mRNA 발현 억제는 최고농도인 100 μ g/mL에서 각각 82% 79%, 82%의 저해율을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 참깨 70% 에탄올 추출물이 주름개선용 기능성 화장품 소재로서의 응용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. In order to investigate the possibility of Sesamum indicum L. (S. indicum) extract as an active ingredient for wrinkle-care cosmetics, we prepared 70% ethanolic extract of S. indicum and measured its elastase inhibitory activity and collagenase inhibitory activity. We also evaluated the effect of S. indicum extract on protein and mRNA expression of MMPs in fibroblast cell (CCD-986sk). For anti-wrinkle effects, elastase inhibition activities and collagenase inhibition activities were 37.8% and 45% at a dose of 1,000 μg/mL of S. indicum 70% ethanol extract. For a cell viability test, measured on fibroblast cell by ethanol extract of S. indicum, results showed 96% with cell viability at 100 μg/mL concentration. According to the results of western blot of ethanol extract from S. indicum the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) protein was decreased by 63%, 43%, 49% at 100 μg/mL concentration. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of ethanol extract from S. indicum showed that the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3 mRNA was decreased by 82%, 79%, 82% at 100 μg/mL concentration. The findings suggest that 70% ethanol extract from S. indicum has potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with anti-wrinkle effects.

유근피 추출물이 대식세포 면역조절에 미치는 영향

권다혜(Da Hye Kwon),강혜주(Hye-Joo Kang),최영현(Yung Hyun Choi),정경태(Kyung Tae Chung),이종환(Jong Hwan Lee),강경화(Kyung Hwa Kang),현숙경(Sook Kyung Hyun),김병우(Byung Woo Kim),황혜진(Hye Jin Hwang) 한국생명과학회 2016 생명과학회지 Vol.26 No.1

왕느릅나무(Ulmus macrocarpa)의 껍질을 말린 유근피는 오랫동안 부종, 감염 및 염증 제어의 목적으로 사용되어져 왔음에도 불구하고 잠재적 면역조절 효과에 관해서는 연구가 이루어진 바 없다. 본 연구에서는 전통 약용자원에서 새로운 면역기능 증가 신소재 발굴의 일환으로 유근피 열수 추출물의 면역 조절 효능을 RAW 264.7 대식세포 모델을 이용하여 조사하였다. 이를 위한 대식세포의 활성화 관련 지표로서 NO, TNF-α, IL-1β 및 IL-10의 생성량 변화를 조사하였다. 비록 유근피 추출물이 처리된 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 IL-1β의 유의적인 유리는 관찰할 수 없었으나, NO, TNF-α 및 IL-10의 생성은 세포독성을 나타내지 않는 범위에서 유근피 추출물 처리 농도 의존적으로 증가되었으며, 이는 또한 iNOS, TNF-α 및 IL-10의 단백질 발현 증가와 연관되어 있었다. 아울러 유근피 추출물은 LPS에 의한 과도한 NO의 생성 억제능도 함유하고 있었으며, 유근피 추출물에 의한 대식세포의 활성화에는 NF-κB와 PI3K/Akt 및 MAPKs 등과 같은 면역 활성을 유도하는 신호전달계의 활성화가 연관되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는 유근피 추출물이 대식세포 활성화를 통한 면역 증강제로서의 개발 가능성이 매우 높음을 시사한다. The root bark of Ulmus macrocarpa has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases such as edema, infection and inflammation. Nevertheless, the biological activities and underlying mechanisms of the immunomodulatory effects remain unclear. In this study, as part of our ongoing screening program to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of new compounds from traditional medicinal resources, we investigated the effects of U. macrocarpa water extract (UME) on immune modulation in a murine RAW 264.7 macrophage model. As immune response parameters, the productions of as nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines such tumor necrotic factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 were evaluated. Although the release of IL-1β remained unchanged in UME-treated RAW 264.7 macrophages, the productions of NO, TNF-α and IL-10 were significantly increased, along with the increased expression of inducible NO synthase, TNF-α and IL-10 expression at concentrations with no cytotoxicity. UME treatment also induced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and phosphorylation of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) indicating that UME activated macrophages through the activation of NF-κB, phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and MAPKs signaling pathways in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Furthermore, pre-treatment with UME significantly attenuated the production of NO, but not TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10, in lipopolysaccharidestimulated RAW 264.7 cells suggesting that UME may be useful in preventing inflammatory diseases mediated by excessive production of NO. These findings suggest that the beneficial therapeutic effects of UME may be attributed partly to its ability to modulate immune functions in macrophages.

황기 물 추출물의 미백 효과와 기능성 화장품으로서의 개발

주다혜 ( Da-hye Joo ),유단희 ( Dan-hee Yoo ),이수연 ( Soo-yeon Lee ),이진영 ( Jin-young Lee ) 한국미용학회 2015 한국미용학회지 Vol.21 No.5

The purpose of this study was to research the whitening effects and developing by cosmetics of the water extract from Astragalus membranceus Bunge, which is one of the most popular health-promoting herb in herbal medications. We performed tyrosinase inhibition assay, reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blot for whitening effects. Also we measured MTT assay for cell viability. The results were obtained as follows : For whitening effect, tyrosinase inhibition rate of water extract from Astragalus membranceus Bunge showed more than 44% at 1,000 μg/ml concentration. Cell toxicity effect on melanoma cells (B16F10) of water extract from Astragalus membranceus Bunge showed 81% with toxicity at 50 μg/ml concentration. So we were measured at a concentrations of 5, 10 and 50 μg/ml in all experiments involving cell. In addition, whitening related mRNAs including microphthalmia associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), tyrosinase were reduced by Astragalus membranceus Bunge. We also found Astragalus membranceus Bunge transiently decreased protein kinase A (PKA) which is known to be upstream to the down regulation of MITF and tyrosinase. But phosphorylation of extracellular signal related kinase (pERK) were increased by Astragalus membranceus Bunge. These results imply that Astragalus membranceus Bunge decrease melanogenesis via ERK activation and subsequent down regulation of MITF and tyrosinase. Therefore, in this paper we would like to suggest the potent usage of Astragalus membranceus Bunge as materials of functional cosmetics by confirming whitening activity related with melanin content.

멜라노마 세포에서 가미소요산(加味逍遙散)의 MITF, TRP-1, TRP-2, Tyrosinase mRNA 발현 억제 효과

주다혜 ( Da Hye Joo ),이수연 ( Soo Yeon Lee ),유단희 ( Dan Hee Yoo ),이진영 ( Jin Young Lee ) 대한본초학회 2014 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.29 No.6

Objectives : Gamisoyo-san complex prescription were made with Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Paeoniae Radix, Atractylodes rhizome white, Hoelen, Bupleuri Radix, Moutan Cortex Radicis, Gardeniae Fructus, Zingiberis Rhizoma Crudus, Menthae Herba. The purpose of this study was to research the whitening effect of the extract from Gamisoyo-san, which is one of the used herbal complex prescription. Methods : This study investigated inhibitory effect of Gamisoyo-san in tyrosinase activity. Cell viability were performed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Then, Gamisoyo-san measured reversed-transcription-PCR for mRNA expression using B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. Results : For whitening effects, the tyrosinase inhibition effect of extract was shown to 52.4% at 5,000 ㎍/㎖ concentration. The cell viability on B16F10 melanoma cells of Gamisoyo-san extract showed higher than 75% at 1,000 ㎍/㎖ concentration. In this study, an experiment was performed by setting the non-toxic concentration range of 50, 150, 250 ㎍/㎖. The Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was used as a positive control. The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), tyrosinase mRNA expression inhibitory by reverse transcription-PCR of Gamisoyo-san extract were decreased by 95.3%, 98.8%, 96.3% and 49.5% at 250 ㎍/㎖ which the highest concentration. Conclusions : All these findings could verify that whitening effects of Gamisoyo-san extract by tyrosinase inhibitory activity and mRNA expression. The Gamisoyo-san could be used as material for functional cosmetics, such as skin whitening products.

두힘살근 앞힘살의 형태변이와 두힘살근 뒤힘살과 붓목뿔근 사이의 위치 관계

김다혜(Da-Hye Kim),도형주(Hyung-Joo Do),김현주(Hyun-Joo Kim),원성윤(Sung-Yoon Won),최다예(Da-Yae Choi),허경석(Kyung-Seok Hu),최종훈(Jong-Hoon Choi),김희진(Hee-Jin Kim) 대한체질인류학회 2010 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.23 No.1

간추림 : 본 연구는 한국인 두힘살근 앞힘살의 형태학적 분석과 더불어 두힘살근 뒤힘살과 근접하며 동일한 신경분포를 갖는 붓목뿔근(stylohyoid muscle)과 두힘살근 뒤힘살 사이의 해부학적 위치 관계를 확인하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 재료로는 한국 성인시신 34구(남: 21, 여: 13, 평균나이: 65 (24~89세))를 사용하였다. 34구의 시신 중 8예에서 두힘살근 앞힘살과 턱목뿔근의 덧힘살 (accessory belly)을 확인하였다. 덧힘살은 아래턱솔기(mandibular raphe)의 표면을 교차하지 않는 유형(unilateral type)과 교차하는 유형(crossover type)으로 분류하였으며, 각각 3예와 5예에서 나타났다. 두힘살근 뒤힘살과 붓목뿔근 사이의 국소적인 위치 관계를 관찰한 결과, 관찰한 49쪽 중 32쪽(65%)에서 붓목뿔근의 힘살이 안쪽과 가쪽으로 나뉘어 두힘살근 뒤힘살의 힘줄을 감싸면서 목뿔뼈로 닿았으며, 이를 붓목뿔근 힘살이 두힘살근 뒤힘살 힘줄의 가쪽으로 더 두꺼운 경우(21쪽)와 안쪽이 가쪽 부분보다 더 두꺼운 경우로 세분하였다 (11쪽). 관찰한 49쪽 중 17쪽(35%)에서 붓목뿔근이 두힘살근 뒤힘살보다 안쪽으로 지났으며, 붓목뿔근의 힘살이 두힘살근 뒤힘살의 가쪽으로 주행하는 경우는 관찰되지 않았다. 두힘살근 앞힘살 부위에 존재하는 덧힘살의 형태는 매우 다양하게 나타났으며, 턱끝밑부위의 이러한 불규칙적인 형태는 비심미적인 목의 외형을 형성할 뿐 아니라 임상에서의 진단과 수술 과정에 어려움을 줄 수 있다. 대부분의 자료에서는 붓목뿔근 힘줄의 끝부분을 두힘살근의 중간힘줄이 관통하는 것으로 묘사하고 있으나, 연구 결과 붓목뿔근이 두힘살근 뒤힘살의 안쪽으로 지나는 경우가 35%를 차지하였다. 본 연구는 두힘살근 부위의 해부학적 구조 관계에 대한 보다 정확한 이해와 더불어 턱끝밑부위(submental region)와 위목부위(upper neck region)의 수술을 포함한 치료 시 적용 가능한 지침을 제시할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. The digastric muscle is located in the suprahyoid region which consists of anterior belly, intermediate tendon and posterior belly. This muscle is an important landmark when performing an operation of submental and upper neck region. Previous researches have reported about variations of the anterior and posterior belly of digastric muscle. However, there are few studies about the general morphology of the digastric muscle and the relationship with surrounding muscles. The purpose of this study was to analyze the morphology of the anterior belly of digastric muscle and confirm the topographic relationship between the digastric muscle and the stylohyoid muscle of Korean. Thirty-four cadavers (21 males, 13 females; mean age 65 years; range 24~89 years) were used in this study. The skin, subcutaneous tissues, superficial fascia and platysma were removed and a detailed dissection was performed, with extreme care being taken not to damage underlying the muscles of submental and upper neck region. After the dissections, all specimens were sketched and photographed. In 8 specimens, we observed the accessory bellies of the anterior belly of digastric muscle. We classified the accessory bellies into the crossover type (five specimens, 14.7%) that cross the mandibular raphe and unilateral type (three specimens, 8.82%). The findings resulting from observation of the anatomical relationship between the posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles, the posterior belly of digastric muscle perforated the stylohyoid muscle in 32 cases (65%) out of 49 sides. This case was subdivided into the belly of the stylohyoid muscle lean to the lateral (twenty-one specimens, 42.9%) or medial side (eleven specimens, 22.4%) of the posterior belly of digastric muscle. In 17 specimens (35%), the stylohyoid muscle existed on the medial side of the posterior belly of digastric muscle.

Clinical and Virologic Effectiveness of Remdesivir Treatment for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korea: a Nationwide Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

Joo Eun-Jeong,Ko Jae-Hoon,김성은,Kang Seung-Ji,Baek Ji Hyeon,Heo Eun Young,Shi Hye Jin,Eom Joong Sik,Choe Pyoeng Gyun,Bae Seongman,Ra Sang Hyun,Kim Da Young,Kim Baek-Nam,Kang Yu Min,Kim Ji Yeon,Chung Jin 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.11

Background: Remdesivir is widely used for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but controversies regarding its efficacy still remain. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effect of remdesivir on clinical and virologic outcomes of severe COVID-19 patients from June to July 2020. Primary clinical endpoints included clinical recovery, additional mechanical ventilator (MV) support, and duration of oxygen or MV support. Viral load reduction by hospital day (HD) 15 was evaluated by calculating changes in cycle threshold (Ct) values. Results: A total of 86 severe COVID-19 patients were evaluated including 48 remdesivir-treated patients. Baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the two groups. Remdesivir was administered an average of 7.42 days from symptom onset. The proportions of clinical recovery of the remdesivir and supportive care group at HD 14 (56.3% and 39.5%) and HD 28 (87.5% and 78.9%) were not statistically different. The proportion of patients requiring MV support by HD 28 was significantly lower in the remdesivir group than in the supportive care group (22.9% vs. 44.7%, P = 0.032), and MV duration was significantly shorter in the remdesivir group (average, 1.97 vs. 5.37 days; P = 0.017). Analysis of upper respiratory tract specimens demonstrated that increases of Ct value from HD 1–5 to 11–15 were significantly greater in the remdesivir group than the supportive care group (average, 10.19 vs. 5.36; P = 0.007), and the slope of the Ct value increase was also significantly steeper in the remdesivir group (average, 5.10 vs. 2.68; P = 0.007). Conclusion: The remdesivir group showed clinical and virologic benefit in terms of MV requirement and viral load reduction, supporting remdesivir treatment for severe COVID-19.

Application of DMSO to Improve Ski-slope effect in Direct PCR

Joo-Young Kim,Ju Yeon Jung,Da-Hye Kim,Seohyun Moon,Won-Hae Lee,Byung-Won Chun,Dong-Ho Choi 한국분석과학회 2020 학술대회논문집 Vol.2020 No.11

Thermosensitive and Rheological properties of blend thermogels based on poloxamer 407 and Acyl glycol chitosans

Da Eun Kim,Hye Min Oh,Chan Yang Joo,Ik Sung Cho,Kang Moo Huh 한국고분자학회 2016 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.41 No.2