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임상증상 없이 다발성 장기전이를 동반한 악성 갈색세포종 2예
최상조 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2005 中央醫大誌 Vol.30 No.3·4
Pheochromocytomas are chromaffin cell tumors usually arising in the adrenal glands and characterized by excessive production of catecholamines, often leading to increased blood pressure and symptoms of catecholamine excess. The clinical manifestations of the pheochromocytomas are variable. Some of the clinical symptoms of pheochromocytomas are caused by mass effect of the tumor or near organ metastasis and in some cases there are no symptoms. Less than 10% of all pheochromocytomas are malignant, but the malignancy cannot be determined from the histologic appearance. Malignancy is indicated when there are multiple or distant metastasis or when there is local invasion. We report two unusual cases of malignant pheochromocytoma with multiple metastases but no classic clinical symptom.
최상봉(Sang-Bong Choi),이재조(Jae-jo Lee) 대한전기학회 2019 전기학회논문지 Vol.68 No.11
This paper presents a methodology to calculate the daily load curve per city by taking into consideration a charging station for electric vehicles, which easily determines the effect of the load owing to the charging of electric vehicles in Seoul. In particular, we calculate the charging power of uncontrolled plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) in terms of the daily running characteristics of vehicle travelling between homes and workplace, with respect to PEV charging stations in the city, according to the market share of PEVs. Furthermore, we calculate the load curve for the simultaneous charging strategy of controlled PEVs in terms of the vehicles’ daily running characteristics between homes and workplaces and a time-of-use (TOU) price plan of the Seoul Metropolitan Government under uncontrolled and controlled charging types. Thus, we are able to analysis the effect of the total existing electricity load and the abovementioned daily load on the grid. Because we can precisely determine the effect of the hourly charging load of PEVs on a power grid in Seoul using these study results, we can establish a PEV charging load management plan to prevent power grid reinforcement and expansion while satisfying the overload constraint of the power grid in Seoul using an appropriate TOU price plan.