Urethane으로 유발된 생쥐 폐샘암종 발생과정에서 Survivin과 p53 단백 발현

김미라 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2007 中央醫大誌 Vol.32 No.1/2

An unbalance of cell proliferation and cell apoptosis is an important mechanism in carcinogenesis. Survivin and p53 have been identified as an important member of the apoptotic related proteins. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), apoptosis, apoptotic related proteins such as survivin and p53 by using urethane-induced mouse lung carcinogenesis which provides reproducing steps from hyperplastic lesions to adenocarcinomas. ICR mice were given urethane by intra-peritoneal injection, and sacrified at 5, 15, and 25 weeks after treatment. Sequential morphological changes and the immunohistochemical expression of PCNA, apoptosis, survivin, and p53, during mouse lung carcinogenesis were examined. During the carcinogenesis, sequential histological changes from hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes, to adenomas, and ultimately to overt adenocarcinomas were noted. The PCNA Labeling Index (LI) was 9.6% in hyperplasia. p53 expression was detected only in adenocarcinoma lesions at an expression rate of 10%. There was no correlation between survivin and p53 expression. These results suggested that the PCNA LI and apoptotic LI could be useful markers for evaluating the risk of malignant transformation. In addition, survivin and p53 may be implicated in the early and late steps in the urethane-induced mouse lung carcinogenesis.

위에 발생한 원발성 편평세포암종 1예 (증례)

이용주 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2007 中央醫大誌 Vol.32 No.3

Primary squamous cell carcinomas in stomach represent a rare entity. It occurs mostly in males, affects a slightly younger group, and has a predilection for the proximal stomach, especially along the lesser curvature side. The pathogenesis of this neoplasm is controversial, but squamous metaplasia resulting from injury to the gastric mucosa appears to have a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma in stomach is less favorable than that of adenocarcinoma because of the more extensive tumor depth and higher frequencies of lymphatic and vascular permeations of the carcinoma cells. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma in stomach of 59 years old male with a brief review of literatures.

위에 발생한 염증성 섬유양 용종 1예 (증례)

김정욱 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2007 中央醫大誌 Vol.32 No.3

An inflammatory fibroid polyp is a relatively rare benign polyp of gastrointestinal wall which is composed of fibrous connective tissue, blood vessels, and infiltration of eosinophils. The majority of inflammatory fibroid polyps has been reported in stomach but rarely in small intestines. A 51-year-old woman was presented with epigastric pain. We performed the gastrofibroscopy which reveals central ulcerated polypoid mass The tumor was successfully removed by operation. This mass is consisted of fibrous tissue, small vessels, inflammatory cells. So we reported a case of endoscopy. The etiology and pathology are discussed with the view of the literatures.

간경변 환자에서 감염발생의 위험요소

김상중 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2006 中央醫大誌 Vol.31 No.1·2·3

Infection is a frequent and severe complication in patients with liver cirrhosis. This study was performed to evaluate the risk factors for infections in patients with liver cirrhosis. We analyzed 674 consecutive cirrhotic patients who were hospitalized during a 30-month period. Infections developed in 188 patients (27.9%) and 66 (35.1%) of them developed nosocomial infections. The patients with infection have a higher mortality rate than patients without infection (17.6% vs 5.8%). Gram-negative bacterial strains were the most frequently isolated pathogens, in 62 of the 81 strains isolated. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences between the groups with and without infections with regard to advanced Child-Pugh class, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding, gastroesophageal varices, decompensated liver function, total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Multivariate analysis revealed advanced Child-Pugh class, gastrointestinal bleeding, low serum albumin and low serum cholesterol as the independent factors contributing to the development of infections. The present study indicated attention should be directed to gram-negative bacterial infections in advanced cirrhotic patients with gastrointestinal bleeding and low serum albumin and cholesterol levels.

C형 간염바이러스 보유자에서 발생한 거대세포바이러스성 장염(증례)

한상표 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2005 中央醫大誌 Vol.30 No.3·4

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are commonly reported in immunocompromised patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, malignant disease, steroid therapy and chemotherapy. CMV infection can produce localized ulcerations in the gastrointestinal tract. The common site involved by CMV infection in the gastrointestinal tract is the colon. We report a case of cytomegalovirus colitis in a 71 years old woman with symptom of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. She was a carrier of hepatitis C and has been recovered from hepatic dysfunction probably induced by hepatitis C reactivation. Colonoscopy revealed multiple shallow geographic ulcers on the rectosigmoid colon. At follow-up, she was improved without any anti-viral therapy for the colitis.

상피성 종양에서의 Cyclooxygenase-2 발현에 대한 면역조직화학적 관찰

윤광섭,유재형 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2005 中央醫大誌 Vol.30 No.3·4

To evaluate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in various epithelial neoplasms, immunohistochemical study was done to 65 cases of various carcinomas and tubular adenomas. This study included 10 cases of colonic adenocarcinom, 10 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma, 10 cases of pulmonary carcinoma, 10 cases of mammary carcinoma, 5 cases of hepatic adenocarcinoma, 5 cases of urinary bladder carcinoma and 5 cases of prostatic carcinoma. 10 cases of tubular adenoma in colon and stomach. The frequency of immunohistochemical COX-2 expression of varying degree in various carcinomas was observed, and the immuno-histochemical intensity showed increasing tendency by degree of differentiation. The immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 was observed in tubular adenoma of stomach and colon, and strongly expressed in metastatic colonic adenocarcinoma than primary carcinomas of various sites. Therefore, the above results suggest that COX-2 expression in various carcinomas may be related to the early and late stage of tumor progression.

중심성 신경세포종 (증례)

현승재 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2005 中央醫大誌 Vol.30 No.2

Neurocytomas are intraventriclular tumors of young adults that arise near the foramen of Monro. A 27-year old lady presented with headache for 30 days. In brain MRI, 2 X 4.5 cm sized "bubbly" lobular mass was noted in the left lateral ventricle near the foramen of Monro. Numerous punctuate T1 low and T2 high signal intensity was contained in the mass. The mass was not enhanced after contrast injection. In MR spectroscopy, the Nacetyl aspartate(NAA) and the creatine(Cr) were significantly decreased. The subcortical approach was peroformed with the Navigator® system. In permanent biopsy, that was diagnosed as the central neurocytoma. In postoperative brain CT, the mass was completely removed after surgery. She Was discharged without any complications. We report a case of central neurocytoma with good resection that is rare, less than 1% of all brain tumors.

N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine에 의한 흰쥐 방광암 발생과정에서 c-erbB-2 종양단백, 증식성 핵항원(PCNA)과 Apoptosis의 평가

박원주 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2005 中央醫大誌 Vol.30 No.1

c-erbB-2 is a proto-oncogene that closely related to the epidermal growth factor receptor and plays an important role in carcinogenesis. Apoptosis and cell proliferation play a major roles in chemical multistage carcinogenesis. This study analyzed the status of c-erbB-2, apoptosis, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) during N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) induced rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis. For sequential histopathological findings of urinary bladder, 0.05% BBN was administered to male rats in 30 weeks. To detect protein expressions of c-erbB-2 and PCNA, immunohistochemical stains were used. Also apoptosis identified morphologically and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) were used. On histopathological findings, urothelial cell hyperplasia was appeared at 5 weeks, followed by urothelial papilloma at 10 weeks, and superfical urothelial carcinoma was found at 20 weeks after BBN administration. After 30 weeks of BBN administration, invasive carcinoma was developed in 40% (4/10) among the all 10 cancer rats. The immunohistochemical stains for c-erbB-2 did not expressed in normal urinary bladder. Overexpression of c-erbB-2 were observed along the cell membrane in urothelial cell hyperplasia and papilloma. Reduced expression of c-erbB-2 were found in both superficial and invasive carcinomas. The PCNA and apoptotic labeling indices were very low in normal bladder epithelia. With the lesions progressed from urothelial cell hyperplasia to papilloma to urothelial carcinoma, the PCNA and apoptotic labeling indices significantly increased (P<0.01). There was no correlation between PCNA, apoptosis indices and c-erbB-2 expression. The present results indicate that c-erbB-2 may participates the early stage of carcinogenesis and hyperproliferative cells might be more susceptible to apoptosis. Also, the numbers of the PCNA and apoptosis could be useful markes for evaluating the risk of malignant transformation of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Lipopolysaccharide와 dexamethasone의 처치가 마우스 신장내 프리라디칼 계에 미치는 영향

임재용 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2005 中央醫大誌 Vol.30 No.3·4

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) develops sepsis through various immune and inflammatory reactions to induce the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) and reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNI) in several different organs. In this study, the effects of dexamethasone (DM) on the generation of ROI and RNI as well as the activities of enzymes removing ROI were examined in the kidney of mouse model of sepsis with LPS. LPS (2.5 mg/kg body weight) significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced nitric oxide generation (NO) in serum. The increased NO generation, however, was effectively (p < 0.01) blocked by pretreatment with DM (10 mg/kg). The activity of xanthine oxidase, a marker for generation of superoxide radical, was increased by LPS (p < 0.01), and the enhancement was attenuated by pretreatment with DM. The activities of Mn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, ROI removing enzymes, were not changed in mouse kidney by LPS and/or DM. However, the activities of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase and catalase were effectively reduced by LPS and/or DM (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). These results demonstrated that the effects of dexamethasone (DM) and LPS on the generation of ROI and RNI as well as the activities of enzymes removing ROI may play a pathophysiologic role in the kidney injury of mouse model of sepsis.

대장직장암종에서 예후인자로서의 p27^(kip1), Cyclin D1, Rb, E2F-1 단백질의 발현에 대한 면역조직화학적 연구

이상대 외 중앙대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2004 中央醫大誌 Vol.29 No.1·2

Altered cell cycle regulation may underlie the development and progression of human malignancies. The purpose of this study is to determine the p27^(kip1), cyclin D1, Rb and E2F-1 expression whether their degrees of expression are related to the parameters such as histologic differentiation, T-stage, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. The correlation between the above proteins was compared. Immunohistochemical stains of p27^(kip1), cyclin D1, Rb and E2F-1 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections of 84 colorectal adenocarcinomas were done. The overall expression frequency of p27^(kip1), cyclin D1, Rb and E2F-1 were 52.4% (44/84), 41.7% (35/84), 76.2% (64/84) and 48.8% (41/84), respectively. Loss of p27^(kip1) expression was higher in poorly differentiated histologic grade, presence of nodal metastasis and high TNM stage. Expression frequency of cyclin D1 was higher only in poorly differentiated histologic grade. Rb expression was not correlated to all parameters. Expression frequency of E2F-1 was higher in poorly differentiated histologic grade, presence of nodal metastasis and high TNM stage. A highly significant inverse correlation between loss of p27^(kip1) expression and expression of cyclin D1, Rb, and E2F-1, and between cyclin D1 and E2F-1 are noted. These data suggest that loss of p27^(kip1) expression and E2F-1 expression may be a role for progression of colorectal adenocarcinoma and a possibility of prognostic factor. Further studies for the determination of relationships in expressions of p27^(kip1), cyclin D1, Rb and E2F-1 were required.