미세변화신증후군 환아에서의 각종 면역지표의 변화

박용훈,김정란,신정애 대한신장학회 1988 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.7 No.2

A prospective study was conducted to see the changes of various immunologic indices and its significance in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Study population consisted of 51 children with MCNS (7 infrequent relapser; IR, 38 frequent relapser steroid depen- dent; FR/SD and 6 partial responder; PR), in whom diagnosis was confirmed by percutaneous renal biopsy. Disease activity was divided into 3 stages; stage I- relapse period, stage II-within 30 days of remission and stage III-over 30 days of remission. The following results were obtained: Urinary N-acetyl-b-D-glucosaminidise (nM/min/mg- creatinine) showed elevated levels in stage I (72.7±60.3) and stage II (23.6±16.2) compared with stage III (6.8±4. 8) and control (4.0±+1.6). Urinary neopterin (mmol/mol creatinine) showed in- creased level in stage I (280+20) and stage II (198+22) compared with stage III (167±63) and control (170±36). The total T cell count (%) showed no changes between stages, nor between study group and control. However, T cell subset analysis showed T, cell count (%) lower in stage I (20.4±11.6). And stage II (20.1±7.6) compared with stage III (28.3 ±10.4). The T,/T, ratio was lower in stage I (0.64±0.41) and stage II (0.75± 0.56) compared with stage III (1.58± 1.08), and this lowering of T,/T, ratio was mainly caused by increase of T, cells. The total B cell count (%) showed no changes between stages, nor between study group and control. During relapse period, serum IgG was lower than control (344±248 versus 1.045±300 mg/dl). Serum IgE was also elevated in study patients compared with control (316±350 versus 49±37 mg/dl), and the elevation of IgE was more marked in FR/SD and PR group than IR group (67% versus 25%). In summary, it can be concluded from the present study that intimate relationship exists between MCNS and immune abnormality. The most pronounced changes has been noted in 8 subset and serum IgE, and marked elevation of serum IgM could be used as a predictor for frequent relapse or partial response in MCNS children.

기업의 기술혁신활동에 관한 슘페터 가설 검정 : 국내 게임산업을 대상으로

박용훈,한현옥 한국산업경제학회 2019 산업경제연구 Vol.32 No.3

While empirical studies have been carried out to verify the Schumpeter hypothesis, there is a lack of research on innovation in the service industry in terms of quantity and diversity rather than manufacturing innovation studies. Therefore, this paper focused on the Korean game industry, which requires technological innovation in the service industry. This paper analyzed the structure and characteristics of Korean game industry based on technological regime and industrial organization theory. Also this paper analyzed the relationship between scale of firm, market structure and technology innovation activity in game industry using firms panel data. This study verifies the Schumpeter hypothesis. In particular, the empirical result of the structural differences among firms in the game industry shows that the relationship between scale of firm and technology innovation activity is heterogeneously the form of U-shaped and of inverted U-shaped simultaneously. According to the results, the Schumpeter hypothesis is rejected in the whole game industry. But in case of the developer of game industry, It has been shown that the Schumpeter hypothesis be supported by case of a few conglomerate. Therefore, as the game industry becomes more fragmented and diversified than the manufacturing industry, it needs support policy based on characteristics rather than the general scheme or support policy. 본 연구는 기술체제 및 산업조직 이론을 바탕으로 국내 게임산업의 구조 및 특징을 파악하고 게임산업에서 기업의 규모, 그리고 시장구조와 기술혁신활동 간의 관계를 기업별 패널 자료를 활용하여 실증분석 하였다. 특히, 기업의 규모 및 시장구조와 기술혁신활동에 대한 Schumpeter 가설을 검정하기 위해 POLS, RE 추정법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 게임산업 내 기업들이 가지는 구조적인 차이를 반영한 실증분석결과 기업규모와 기술혁신활동 간의 관계는 이질적으로 U자형 관계와 역 U자형 관계가 동시에 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 이는 게임산업 전반에서는 Schumpeter 가설이 기각된다고 볼 수 있으며 개발사의 경우 소수의 규모가 큰 대기업에 대해 Schumpeter 가설이 일부 지지된다고 주장할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 게임산업은 기존 제조업 보다 세분화되고 기업 전략이 다양화됨에 따라 일반적인 제도나 지원정책보다 기업특성을 반영한 지원정책이 필요할 것이다.

Fabrication and characterization of dissolving microneedle arrays for improving skin permeability of cosmetic ingredients

박용훈,김규식,정민섭,성종환,김범상 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.39 No.-

Delivery of sufficient amounts of cosmetic ingredients through the skin is a big challenge in the cosmeticindustry, since the stratum corneum, the outer layer of the skin, acts as a barrier against externalsubstances. One of the methods to solve this problem is using microneedles. In this study, a laser-writingprocess is described for fabricating a polydimethylsiloxane mold for microneedles, which is a verysimple and efficient method compared to the conventional photolithography technique. Using thispolydimethylsiloxane mold, it was possible to fabricate a dissolving sodium hyaluronate microneedlearray with consistent shapes and sizes. Amylopectin was used to tailor the properties of themicroneedles, such as mechanical strength and solubility. When amylopectin content in the needleincreased, the mechanical strength of the needle increased but the dissolution rate of the microneedlesdecreased. Using the microneedle array, significant enhancement in the skin permeability ofniacinamide and the anti-oxidant activity of ascorbic acid after crossing the skin was observed. Theseresults indicate that the microneedle array developed in this study has the potential to be used incosmetics by being combined with conventional cosmetic patches.

성주군이웃사촌복지센터의 복지공동체 지원 사례

박용훈 한국지역사회복지학회 2021 한국지역사회복지학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.5

반복적 부동화 스트레스가 흰쥐 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체에 미치는 영향

박용훈,문한구,신손문,이은주,이은실,하정희,Park Yong Hoon,Moon Han Ku,Shin Son Moon,Lee Eun Ju,Lee Eun Sil,Ha Jeoung-Hee 대한소아신장학회 1999 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.3 No.1

목 적 : 스트레스 유발 고혈압을 일으키는데 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체가 중요한 역할을 하리라 추정되어 왔다. 반복적 부동화 스트레스에 의한 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상을 Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats의 두 실험동물군에서 비교, 관찰하여 고혈압을 유발하는데 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 병태생리학적 기능을 규명하고자 하였다. Benzodiazepine수용체의 변화 양상은 방사성 동위원소를 사용한 수용체 결합 반응으로 검색하였으며 elevated plus maze검사로 각 실험동물의 불안도를 측정하여 각 군간의 결과를 비교, 관찰하였다. 방 법 : 불안도를 보기 위하여 측정한 plus-maze performance에서 percent open crosses는 Sprague-Dawley rats ($34.7{\pm}2.2$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($16.2{\pm}1.7$)가 유의하게 낮았고(P<0.05), percent time in open도 Sprague-Dawley rats ($22.5{\pm}1.0$)에 비해 boderline hypertensive rats ($12.1{\pm}1.2$)가 유의하게 낮아 불안도가 높은 상태임을 나타내었다(P<0.05). 스트레스를 주지 않은 Sprague-Dawley rats의 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수(Bmax: $5.5{\pm}0.6$pmol/mg protein)에 비하여 boderline hypertensive rats의 수용체의 수($3.1{\pm}0.7$pmol/mg protein)는 유의하게 낮았다(P<0.05). 하루 2시간씩 14일간 부동화 스트레스를 부하하였을 때, Sprague-Dawley rats와 boderline hypertensive rats에서 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine 수용체의 수($7.4{\pm}0.7$ 및 $5.9{\pm}1.2$ pmol/mg protein)는 스트레스를 주지 않았을 때보다 증가하였으며(P<0.05), 스트레스에 노출된 boderline hypertensive rats는 스트레스에 노출된 Sprague-Dawley rats에 비하여 신장 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체의 수가 여전히 낮은 수준임을 관찰할 수 있었다(P<0.05). 결 론 : 이상의 결과로부터 신장의 말초성 benzodiazepine수용체는 스트레스 조절작용을 매개하며, 본 수용체의 수적 감소는 스트레스에 의한 고혈압 발생에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 생각되었다. Purpose : Several modulatory factors for renal peripheral benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) has been reported, but their physiological significance remains elusive. Tissue-specific, stress-induced down-regulation of renal PBR coupled with the pharmacological stimulation of these effects by angiotensin II suggested that physiological significance of renal PBR may be related to the pathophysiology of stress-induced hypertension. The boderline hypertensive rat (BHR) has been used extensively to study the interaction of environmental factors, such as stress and blood pressure. The BHR is the first-generation progeny of a cross between the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the control Wistar-Kyoto rat. The pathogenesis of stress induced hypertension in this model is not demonstrated well. Methods In this study, BHR (male, 150-200 g) and Sprague-Dawley (SD, male, 150-200 g) rats were treated by repeated immobilization to induce anxiety. We used plus-maze performance to observe the level of anxiety by measuring percent open crosses and percent time in open. Results : Percent open crosses and percent time in open in BHR were lower than in SD rats (P<0.05). Receptor densities of renal PBR in BHRs were significantly lower than those of SDs (P<0.05). We also observed that the renal PBR was upregulated in the repeatedly stressed (immobilization, 2 hours daily, for 2 weeks) rats, both in the BHR and SD. However, the density of renal PBR in the stressed BHR was still lower than that of stressed SD. Renal PBR has been suggested to be an important organs which Is responsible for the production of cholesterol-derived products during stress. Conrlusion : From these results, it can be summarized that the lowed density of renal PBR may be involved in the pathogeneis of stress-induced hypertension.

모발에서 마약류 분석의 법과학적 고찰 - 마약류 범죄수사에서 모발 감정결과의 증거사용에 대해서 -

박용훈,한은영,이수연,Park, Yong-Hoon,Han, Eun-Young,Lee, Soo-Yeun 대한약학회 2008 약학회지 Vol.52 No.6

Hair analysis for drugs of abuse offers the crucial potential advantage when compared to urine, such as the longer time window of drug intake, which makes retrospective investigation of chronic and/or past consumption. This paper reviews the physiological basis of hair growth, mechanism of drug incorporation, analytical methods, result interpretation and practical application of hair analysis. Moreover, to facilitate the court's decision regarding specific circumstances surrounding the crime, this review demonstrated that the results of hair analysis not only should be admitted as scientific evidence of drug use but also could legally improve reliability of the evidence.

권두언

박용훈 대한지방행정공제회 1997 도시문제 Vol.32 No.345

N/A

소아의 혈관내 응고증후군

박용훈,김홍배,강덕식,이상범 慶北大學校 醫科大學 1982 慶北醫大誌 Vol.23 No.2

We have reviewed 11 cases of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) admitted to the Pediatric department of Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 1981 to July 1982. Age distribution showed 4 cases below, year of age including 2 neonatal cases, 2 between 1 to 5 years of age, 2 between 6 to 10 years of age and 3 between 11 to 15 years of age. Three of these 11 cases are male and the rest 8 female. DIC developed within the first 5 admission day in 7 cases, from the 6th to the 10th day in one and after the 10th in three. Factors predisposing to DIC included infection (11 cases) which were usually systemic, shock, recent surgery and malignancy. Diagnostic coagulation studies included low platelet count below 100,000/cumm (all 11 cases), prolonged PT (10 cases) and PTT (all 11 cases). All patients had abnormal hemorrhage and the majority being petechiae on the skin (8 cases) followed by oozing from the injection site (6 cases), melena (4 cases), epistaxis (3 cases), bleeding from the oral cavity (3 cases), intracranial hemorrhage (1 case) and hematuria (1 case). Local ischemic manifestations probablly due to the thrombus formation were respiratory distress (9 cases), mental disturbance (9 cases), diarrhea (8 cases), abdominal pain (7 cases) and acrocyanosis (3 cases). Shock due to systemic circulatory disturbance was also seen in 5 cases. Treatment included transfusion of fresh whole blood and Vitamin K admimistration in all cases, plalelet transfusion in 6 cases, Corticosteroid administration in 4 cases and none received Heparin. Only 3 cases showed improvement and the rest discharged hopelessly and/or died. key words: Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation.

교통문화 정착을 위한 언론의 역할

박용훈 한국지역사회연구소 1996 지역사회 Vol.25 No.-

파라미터 보정에 의한 센서리스 유도전동기의 슬라이딩 모드 관측기 개선

박용훈,박강효,권영안 대한전기학회 2010 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10