Effects of dietary supplementation with probiotic CS-A on performance in broiler chickens

Seong Soo Kang1*, Se Eun Kim, Ara Go, Kyung Mi Shim, Chun Sik Bae, Chang Jong Moon, Sung-Ho Kim, Jong-Choon Kim, Jin-Cheol Yoo, Seung Sik Cho 충북대학교 동물의학연구소 2012 Journal of Biomedical and Translational Research Vol.13 No.3

Probiotics, enzymes, organic acids, oligosaccharides, antioxidants, and other functional materials are actively being explored as alternatives to antibiotics. Probiotics include live beneficial microorganisms that colonize the intestinal tract and competitively inhibit attachment and growth of harmful microbes. Probiotics also increase feed efficiency by assisting in nutrient absorption and digestion. The current study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of a new probiotic, CS-A, as a dietary supplement of a fermented product on growth performance, feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency in broiler chickens, and to evaluate its value as an alternative for antibiotics used as a feed additive. Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects of CS-A were investigated in vitro and the in vivo effects of a constant concentration of supplemented CS-A on growth rate and feed efficiency were evaluated. In addition, the safety of CS-A was assessed by examination of common symptoms and mortality. Determination of minimal inhibitory concentration revealed an excellent antibacterial effect of CS-A. Cytotoxicity was low and anti-inflammatory effects were achieved at the effective concentration of CS-A. Supplementation with 0.1% CS-A resulted in a feed efficiency score of 1.84 in broilers, compared to 2.00 in the control group. There were no adverse clinical findings, necropsy findings, hematology, and altered serum biochemistry parameters, and no mortality. Thus, it is concluded that CS-A is safe and effective as a feed additive.

고주파 전극도자 절제술로 치료한 부자간에 발생한 Wolff-Parkinson-White 증후군

강보현,김현중,남궁준,김준수,홍경표,박정의,서정돈 대한순환기학회 2002 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.32 No.8

떫은감 Carotenoid의 색소 안정성

강미정,윤경영,성종환,이광희,김광수 동아시아식생활학회 2004 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.14 No.4

Studies on extraction and color stability of carotenoids from astringent persimmon(Diospyros kaki) were performed to provide the basic information for the utilization of persimmon pigment as a new source of natural food colorant. The major carotenoids in astringent persimmon were beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene and beta-carotene. Beta-cryptoxanthin was the first major pigment and lycopene the next. Total carotenoid content in persimmon calculated as beta-carotene equivalent was 107.4 ㎍/g. The data indicated that the astringent persimmon was a good source of carotenoid pigment. The physical and chemical stabilities of carotenoid from astringent persimmon were investigated at various conditions of temperature, pH and antioxidant. The effects of oxygen and light on the stability of carotenoid pigment has been investigated. The factors that cause the discoloration were visible light, temperature above 60, pH below 5 and oxygen. Especially, the carotenoid pigment was very sensitive to light and oxygen. Carotenoid stability was much improved with increasing nitrogen concentration in the atmosphere. Persimmon pigments have been found to be most stable at 5~10. And tocopherol was the most effective inhibitor of the pigment discoloration.

食品工場廢水의 活性汚泥處理中 오존에 依한 酸化分解效果

康京壽,崔永贊,宋大鎭,河璡桓 濟州大學校工科大學附屬産業技術硏究所 1991 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.2 No.-

잔류염소를 함유한 發水를 活性汚泥에 의한 處理效率을 增加시키기 위하여 전압 100Volt, 유속 10ℓ-air/min, 0.8g-O₃/hr의 오존으로 처리했을때 COD의 除去效果및 투과율의 變化를 實驗한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 잔류염소를 함유한 시료를 0.8g-O₃/hr의 오존으로 處理하였을때 pH의 變化 및 反應時間에 의한 COD의 除去率은 中性溶液(pH=7.2)에서 오존處理時間 50分 후 35%의 除去效果를 나타내어 酸性溶液(pH=3.2)의 20%, 알칼리性溶液(pH=12.0)의 10%의 除去效果보다 좋았다. 2. 잔류염소를 함유한 試料를 오존으로 50分間 處理하여 F/M比 0.1㎏·BOD/㎏·MLSS로 한 후 3. 6. 9 및 15時間 活性汚泥로 反應시켰을 때 反應時間 6時間 후 85.8%의 COD의 除去效果가 있어 티오황산나트륨(Na₂S₂O₃)으로 處理한 試料의 除去率 60.5%보다 좋았으며, 反應時間의 단축효과도 있었다. 3. Polyphenol色素 等 暗褐色을 띄는 試料를 酸性, 中性, 알칼리性 溶液으로 하여 오존으로 50分間 處理하였을 때 투과율이 30~40%에서 70% 以上 상승하였으며 알칼리성溶液에서가 투과율이 더 좋았다. For the increase of treatment efficiency when waste water which included residual chlorine was biologically treated with activated sludge, elimination efficiency of COD and change of transmittance by activated sludge method were examined after the treatment of residual chlorine with ozone of 100 volt and 10ℓ-air/min., 0.8g-O₃/hr. in velocity. The results were as follows. 1) When the sample which included residual chlorine was treated with ozone of 0.8g-O₃/hr., COD removal rate by the change of pH and ozonization time was more efficient than acidity solution of pH 3.2(20%) and alkaline solution of pH 12.0(10%). Since the COD removal rate become 35% after 50 minutes of ozonization time at neutral solution of pH 7.2. 2) After the residual chlorine included sample was treated with ozone for 50 minutes to make the F/M rate of 0.1㎏·BOD/㎏·MLSS, the sample was reacted with activated sludge for 3, 6, 9 and 15 hours. The 6 hours reaction gave 85.8% COD elimination which showed higher efficiency than 60.5% by Na₂S₂O₂ treatment togather with shorting efficiency of reaction time. 3) When such sample as polyphenol which gives dark brown color was treated with ozone for 50 minutes after being made into acidic, neutral and alkaline solution, the transmittance increased from 30-40% to 70% and gave better result in alkaline solution.

법인세법 제43조의 포괄위임방식에 대한 비판적 고찰 : 기업회계의 발전 및 세법규정의 두 가지 변수를 중심으로

강경규,이수명 明知大學校 經濟硏究所 2002 경영연구 Vol.21 No.2

본 연구에서는 기업회계와 세무회계가 추구하는 목적과 기능이 상이함에도 불구하고 기업회계기준을 과세소득산정에 있어서 우선 적용하도록 한 현행 법인세법 제43조(기업회계기준과 관행의 적용)에 의한 세법에서 기업회계를 적용하는 포괄위임방식(negative system)규정에 대한 문제점을 비판적으로 고찰하여 기업회계와 세무회계의 관계를 근본적으로 재조명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 주요국의 기업회계와 세무회계와의 관계를 ‘기업회계의 발전정도’와 ‘세법의 회계에 관한 규정정도’의 두 가지 변수를 중심으로 비교·분석하였다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 기업회계와 세무회계의 계량적인 차이조정 방안위주의 연구에서 벗어나 근본적으로 세법에서 기업회계에 대한 기준성을 입법화하여 규정해도 무리가 없을 만큼 우리나라의 기업회계기준이 손색없이 정비되어있는지에 초점을 둔 실무적인 논의가 선행되어야 할 것이다.

Consumer Recognition Survey for Establishing the Reasonable Expiration Dates of Health Functional Foods

( Soo Jin Youn ),( Joo Youn Park ),( Hee Su Kim ),( Eun Jin Kang ),( Kil Jin Kang1 ),( Hye Kyung Park ),( Gun Hee Kim ) 한국식생활문화학회 2009 Food Quality and Culture Vol.3 No.2

This study investigated consumers` recognition on shelf life of health functional foods to set up their rational expiration date. For this study 107 male and female adults aged 20 to 59 years were randomly selected as major consumers of health functional foods. And their data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0. The questionnaire included questions asking a consumer`s recognition on the shelf life of health functional foods and how to treat health function food passing its shelf life. In this study, the consumers were found to pay attentions considerably to the shelf life. But most of them did not know an accurate meaning of the shelf life of health functional food and mistook it for expiry date. In addition, the consumers doubted safety of health functional foods passing the shelf life. Therefore, education for consumers about an accurate meaning of the shelf life was needed. The results of this study were considered to be helpful to set up a reasonable expiration date for health functional food.

일부 흡연 대학생의 지각된 스트레스와 흡연실태에 대한 상관관계 연구

강초록,권시내,권혜림,박수경,송인혜,오해인,이미지,한승아,황선아,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

In spite of the seriousness of smoking harm has been developed these days. the increase of national smoking rate and that the people in the twenties are especially leading the rise of national smoking rate is an important issue of national health. Smoking of the university students can occur health problem and cause loss of manpower and expenses in their social activity period. So then the actual state for prevention of smoking and development of a program to prohibit smoking has to be seized urgently and starting with the study of the realities of university students, the effort to find a related fluent of smoking has to be studied. Related to this, the purpose of this study is to seize the general characteristics of smoking university students and to find out the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students. In addition, by collating the relationship between perceived stress and smoking status among smoking university students we have the purpose to furnish the basal data of stress care, the best way to cope with stress through group training and the plan for nursing implementation to decrease the smoking rate. For this study, a survey was conducted for 204 smoking university students of 13 universities in Seoul from 9th of May to 16th of May, 2003. The collected data was analyzed by t-test, Pearson Correlation and ANOVA in the statistical packages SPSS/PC. Major findings of this study are as follows; 1. Of the 204 respondents 85.4% of them were male and 14.6% of them were female. The average age of the sample was 23.19 years old and 41.8% of them were in senior, 21.4% in junior, 16.9% in sophomore, 19.9% in freshman grade. The major motivation to start smoking was 'because of curiosity'(33.8%) and the first smoking experience was at 'senior high school' (41.9%) and at 'college' (41.9%). 2 The highest scored stress factor of smoking university students were stresses about school work. 3. 72.7% had experience to quit smoking at least one or more times. Most of the reason to keep on smoking was 'short will to quit'(51.0%) and the smoking place was usually at 'school' (41.4%). Most respondents for the number ofsmoking friends were '5 people and above' (73.2%). 4. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire perceived stress, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the perceived stress in 4 categories which is 'sex distinction', 'major of study', 'residence form' and' inmate'. 5. There was a negative relationship between the general characteristics and the entire smoking status, however, there was a positive relationship between the general characteristics and the smoking status in 2 categories which is 'presence of hobby' and 'number of smoking friends'. 6. There was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status. Through this study we have seized the relationship between the general characteristics, perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. There was a positive relationship between some of the general characteristics with the perceived stress and the smoking status of smoking university students. Also there was a negative relationship between the perceived stress and the smoking status.

포자배양에 의한 박쥐란 (Platycerium bifurcatum (Cav.) C. Chr.)의 대량증식과 순화재배에 관한 연구

姜聲述,梁會亨,曺敬喆,金光秀 全南大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 1998 農業科學技術硏究 Vol.33 No.-

박쥐란(Platycerium bifurcatum (Cav.) C. Chr.)의 기재 대량 증식과 순화배지 개발을 목적으로 포자발아에 적합 배지, 유식물의 발근율 향상을 위한 생장조정제 종류 및 활성탄소의 농도를 구명하고 훈탄, 수태, 바크와 왕겨, 피트와 퍼라이트 및 버미큐라이트와 퍼라이트 등 몇가지 재식 재료의 종류가 박쥐란 유묘의 생육에 미치는 영향에 관하여 알아 보고자 실험은 실시하였다. 포자의 발아는 agar 보다 gelrite 첨가배지에서 좋았다. 포자체의 성장에는 MS 배지 보다 hyponex, Knudson 배지가 좋았다. 생장조정제 종류의 영향에 있어서는 shoot 발생에는 IAA와 NAA 첨가배지에서 양호했고 rooting은 NAA 첨가배지에서만 발생하였다. 활성탄소의 종도에 따른 shoot 발생과 지상부생육은 0.3%에서 가장 양호했고 뿌리수도 같은 경향으로 적정 농도는 0.3∼0.6%였다. 특히 활성탄소의 농도 그 이상인 경우는 근부 발달이 현저히 억제되었다. 유묘의 순화는 훈탄과 수태단용, 피트 + 퍼라이트에서는 신초수, 지상부 및 지하부 생육이 양호한 반면 바크와 왕겨 혼합용토는 식재재료로 부적당하였다. This study was carried out to establish a mass-propagaion system of Platycerium bifurcatum (Cav.) C. Chr. through in vitro culture of spores. Effects of growth regulator and activated charcoal on the in vitro plant development from spores were examined, and an ideal potting material for acclimatization of the sporelings was developed in this experiments. Gelrite was better than agar as gelling agent of the media for spore germination. The gametophytes grew better on hyponex or Knudson medium than on MS medium. The culture medium with IAA and NAA was better for the plant shooting and rooting than the medium containing NAA only. Multiple shoot formation as will as shoot and root growth was promoted by the addition of activated charcoal aat 0.3% to the culture medium, byt, the plant growth, especially root development was retarded when the concentration of charcoal exceeded 0.6% in the culture medium. Carbonized rice hull, sphagnum moss or peat with perlite in pot mixture resulted in the desirable shoot and root growth.

식품공장폐수의 활성오니처리중 오존에 의한 산화분해효과

강경수,최영찬,하진환,송대진 濟州大學校 工科大學 産業技術硏究所 1991 産業技術硏究報告 Vol.2 No.-

For the increase of treatment efficiency when waste water which included residual chlorine was biologically treated with activated sludge, elimination efficiency of COD and change of transmittance by activated sludge method were examined after the treatment of residual chlorine with ozone of 100 volt and l0ℓ-air/min., 0.8g-0_(3)/hr. in velocity. The results were as follows. 1) When the sample which included residual chlorine was treated with ozone of 0.8g-O_(3)/hr., COD removal rate by the change of pH and ozonization time was more efficient than acidity solution of pH 3.2(20%) and alkaline solution of pH 12.0(10%). Since the COD removal rate become 35% after 50 minutes of ozonization time at neutral solution of pH 7.2. 2) After the residual chlorine included sample was treated with ozone for 50 minutes to make the F/M rate of 0.1㎏·BOD/㎏·MLSS, the sample was reacted with activated sludge for 3, 6, 9 and 15 hours. The 6 hours reaction gave 85.8% COD elimination which showed higher efficiency than 60.5% by Na_(2)S_(2)O_(3) treatment togather with shorting efficiency of reaction time. 3) When such sample as polyphenol which gives dark brown color was treated with ozone for 50 minutes after being made into acidic, neutral and alkaline solution. the transmittance increased from 30- 40% to 70% and gave better result in alkaline solution.

점탄성 감쇠기의 최적설계

강경수 동명정보대학교 2002 건축도시연구소 저널 Vol.1 No.-

The purpose of this study is to present the design method of visco-elastic dampers. The dynamics of visco-elastic dampers and support braces connected in series is modeled by state equation. A constraint on maximum story drifts which are computed using RMS's of story drifts and peak factors is added to the optimization problem. The number of variables is reduced by including the constraint associated with the dynamic behavior of the structure in the procedure to compute the gradient of the inequality equation about constraint on the maximum story drifts. In the design example, it is confirmed that the design of dampers considering support brace stiffness is necessary when sufficient brace stiffness can not be supplied. It is also found that unnecessary brace stiffness can be removed by adding brace stiffnessess to optimal design variables and that the increase of damper volumes to compensate for the variation of maximum story drift is pretty small.