The Influence of AH-26 and Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Root Canal Sealer on the Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Dentin

Cho, Ju-Yeon,Jin, Myoung-Uk,Kim, Young-Kyung,Kim, Sung Kyo 大韓齒科保存學會 2006 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.31 No.3

AH-26 근관실러가 상아질에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합강도에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 144개의 발거된 대구치를 실린더형의 몰드에 매식한 다음 치관부의 상아질 표면을 노출시킨 후 편평하게 연마하고 AH-26을 도포한 군, ZOE paste를 도포한 군 및 실러를 도포하지 않은 대조군으로 나누어 One-step 상아질 접착제를 처리한 후에 Charisma (Heraeus Kulzer, Germany) 복합레진을 적용하고 광중합시켰다. 시편을 분리하여 37℃ 항온조에 24시간 보관후 Instron test machine (Model 4202, Instron Corp., USA)을 이용하여 시편의 전단 결합 강도를 측정하고 one-way ANOVA 및 Tukey's studentized rank test로 통계 분석하였다. AH-26 근관실러로 처리한 군과 대조군은 ZOE 근관실러 처리군에 비해 유의하게 놓은 접착강도를 나타내었다 (p<0.05). AH-26 근관실러 처리군과 아무 처리하지 않은 대조군 사이에는 결합강도에 있어 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다 (p>0.05). 본 연구의 조건에서는 ZOE 근관실러는 상아질에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합강도를 저하시키는 반면 AH-26 근관실러는 유의한 영향을 미치지는 않는 것으로 보인다. 따라서 임상에서 근관실러로 AH-26을 사용한 근관충전 후에는 즉시 복합레진 코어를 해 주어도 결합력에 저해가 없을 것으로 여겨진다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the AH-26 root canal sealer on the shear bond strength of composite resin to dentin. One hundred and forty four (144) extracted, sound human molars were used. After embedding in a cylindrical mold, the occlusal part of the anatomical crown was cut away and trimmed in order to create a flat dentin surface. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups; the AH-26 sealer was applied to the AH-26 group, and zinc-oxide eugenol (ZOE) paste was applied to the ZOE group. The dentin surface of the control group did not receive any sealer. A mount jig was placed against the surface of the teeth and the One-step dentin bonding agent was applied after acid etching. Charisma composite resin was packed into the mold and light cured. After polymerization, the alignment tube and mold were removed and the specimens were placed in distilled water at 37℃ for twenty four hours. The shear bond strength was measured by an Instron testing machine. The data for each group were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's studentized rank test so as to make comparisons between the groups. The AH-26 group and the control group showed significantly higher shear bond strength than the ZOE group (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the AH-26 group and the control one (p>0.05). Under the conditions of this study, the AH-26 root canal sealer did not seem to affect the shear bond strength of the composite resin to dentin while the ZOE sealer did. Therefore, there may be no decrease in bond strength when the composite resin core is built up immediately after a canal filling with AH-26 as a root canal sealer.

主要日刊新聞 家庭欄의 分析과 主婦의 反應

趙昌淑,金敎玉,金暎辰,成玉姬 건국대학교 1974 學術誌 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of the interest of several newspapers in the household management and to analyse the actual need of housewives, the reader of the newspapers, for such informations given by the newspapers. 1305 articles on any subjects relating household management are gathered from 6 major newspapers published in Seoul during the year 1972, from January to December and the answers of 1080 housewives living in Seoul to the Specially prepared questionaire are collected for this purpose. The contents of articles are discussed under the classification of 6 cathegories: clothing, food, housing, child rearing and health, family relationships and home management. All newspapers revealed similar tendencies in providing the family column. The discrepancy between the actual need of the housewives and what has been offered by newspapers was found in every cathegories of the article. The erroneous, inadequate informations are pointed out particularly those of designs and technics of foreign dress making and also the food preparation, whereas well elaborated articles could be also recognized in the field of child rearing and the health. The notable thing was the lack of the interest from the side of newspapers partially also of the housewives in the method of making traditional costume and food, and in the matter of traditional etiquette. For the most of housewives use mainly the newspaper as the resource of their knowledge about the household management the important role of newspaper and the necessity of specialist's supervision for the family column were strongly emphasized by the authors.

매스컴이 여대생의 의복행동에 미치는 영향

조성교 忠北大學校 學生生活硏究所 1985 學生生活硏究 Vol.9 No.-

본문참고

被服管理面에서 본 纖維製品 取扱表示에 관한 調査硏究

趙誠嬌 제주대학교 1977 논문집 Vol.9 No.1

The aim of this study is to obtain the data for the effective clothing management and for clothing & textile education. To find the present condition of the practical application of the textile care labelling and its cognition by consumer on the clothing management, two methods of study were used. At first, 227 textile care labels which sticked on general garments were collected and analized numerilcally. And a survey on the present state of family clothing management-purchasing clothes, laundering, information source of new fibers and detergents and application of the textile care labelling code was also conducted. The data were drawn through the quest ionaire collected from 146 high school girls and their mothers who lived in Jeju City. The findings are summarized as follows: 1. Practical application of the textile care labelling which is available in the market. 1) Care labelling of textile fiber product was not carried out perfectly in the market. 2) Space for indicating the component of fiber and size in care labels was found as a blank in most cases. 3) Generally, code and discription textile care was indicated dually. 4) Code of squeezing method out of 6 items was the same as KS code comparatively but others are not. Besides the KS code, some kinds was used in the market; wet laundering-14kinds, ironing method-9, drying method-10. To unify the code, utilizing KS code by the all manufacturer is recommended. 5) It is necessary to complement the codes for shrinkage, fastness of dyes and prohibition drying in the sun-light. 2. Cognition and application of textile care labelling code by consumer on the clothing management: 1) mostly, they watched for the label for the component of fiber but seldom checked label for care at purchasing the clothes. In general, the longer the period of education, the more carefully checking the labels in housewives. 2) Many housewives seldom read the label for care before laundering but higher educated women read more often. In home laundering, they squeeze the clothes according to the kind selectively, but they used to often twisting method. They often dried clothes under the sun-light and washed the knits with unsuitable method on using the detergent and drying. 3) They indicated that they used dry-cleaning because of shrinkage, but cleaning effect was not satisfactable. 4) School girls little put knowledge from clothing management education in school to practical use for their family. 5) In case of housewives, most of them obtain the information of new fibers and detergents from TV and Radio. This result means that these massmedia can be very effective for consumer education especially in the case of the application of textile care labelling code. 6) Cognition of the schoolgirls about the textile care labelling code was low and housewives' was lower than school girls'. The more longer the educational period, the better the cognition about textile care labelling code in housewives. Among the 6 items, ironing code was the lowest in cognition. From the above results, we can get two suggestions; we must consder more seriously about textile care labelling to improve the clothing managemeent. So, unification, supplement and modification of textile care labelling code are recommended.

퇴행성 척추질환으로 오인된 척수 종양

조용재,김승범,진동규,서의교,김상진 대한척추신경외과학회 2004 Neurospine Vol.1 No.1

Objectives: Symptoms arising from spinal cord tumor are often insidious in onset and nonspecific in nature. To make the subtle initial signs and symptoms of these tumors more apparent to clinicians, we retrospectively analyzed the data of spinal cord tumor patients who were misdiagnosed as degenerative spine disease. Methods: We reviewed history, symptom, sign, radiological study, and pathologic diagnosis of 19 spinal cord tumor patients who had been operated as degenerative spine disease, especially duration and description of symptoms and sign before an accurate diagnosis was made. Results: Average duration of delay before an accurate diagnosis was made was 178.4 days(range: 23~303). Common symptom and signs on neurologic examination included aggravation of pain(8 cases; 47.1 %), and neurologic decline(9 cases; 52.9%) The misdiagnosis included a herniated lumbar disc(16 cases; 94.1%), lumbar stenosis(1 case; 5.9%). Inappropriate treatment for these misdiagnoses included 5 percutaneous lazer discectomies, 9 discectomies, 3 chemonucleolysis, 2 posterior lumbar interbody fusions with cages. Conclusion: When a patient has symptoms that appear to be out of the ordinary, surgeons should suspect other spinal disease including the spinal cord tumor.

Mo 화학기상증착에 있어서 불순물 농도에 미치는 증착조건의 영향

배상석,서성교,홍은식,김승모,조미정,한혜정,이두성,김세훈,민석홍 국립7개대학공동논문집간행위원회 2001 공업기술연구 Vol.1 No.-

The thermal decomposition process of Mo(CO)_6 on chemical vapor deposition was investigated by analyzing the effects of deposition temperature, pressure, and reaction gas on the phase change of deposited films. Mo_2C was deposited at or below 350℃ due to the incompleteness of thermal decomposition of Mo(CO)_6, but Mo films was successfully deposited at 400℃ or higher temperatures. The variation of deposition pressure did not change the dependence of decomposition process on deposition temperature. The activation energy of surface reaction was 5.8 ㎉/mole.

IMT-2000 망에서의 Layered Cell 전송 성능해석 모델

이영교,정해원,최충열,조성준 한국항공대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.35 No.-

본 논문은 ATM 기반의 layered 셀 구조를 적용한 Mobile Trunking에 사용되는 AAL type 2 프로토콜에 대해 설명했다. AAL type 2는 지연에 민감한 어플리케이션에 있어서 길이가 짧고, 패킷 길이가 변동하며, 저속도인 데이터 전송에 대한 대역폭 효율을 제공한다. 본 논문에서는 짧은 길이의 패킷에 대한 프레임 구조와 이를 하나 또는 그 이상의 ATM셀에 다중화 시키는 방식과 전송에러를 복구하는 기능 등에 대해서도 설명했고, 통계적 다중화의 효율, 지연, 채널전송효율 등을 해석하기 위한 큐잉 모델도 제안했다. 그리고, 미니셀 패킷화 지연 및 layered셀로 다중화되는 미니셀의 다중화 효율 등을 산출했고, layered셀 구조를 사용할 경우 예측되는 전송효율을 알아보았다. 여기서 전송속도는 ATM기반의 45Mbps에서 155Mbps사이의 경우를 고려하였다. 전송효율의 관점에서는 layered셀 방식이 고정 길이 셀 방식보다 효율적임을 알 수 있었다. 끝으로, 이를 국내 IMT-2000환경에 적용하기 위한 성능해석 모델과 파라미터를 제시하고 트렁크 용량을 해석했다. In this paper, we explaned the protocol of AAL type 2 used in the Mobile Trunking which has the layered cell structure based on ATM. These AAL type 2 provides the bandwidth-efficient transmission of low-rate, short, and variable length packets in delay sensitive applications. This paper covers the frame structure of the short legnth packets, the packing of those into one(or more) ATM cells, and the mechanisms to recover from transmission errors. Also, we proposed queueing model to analyse the efficiency of statistical multiplexing, delay time, channel transmission efficiency. And we calculated short cell packetization delay and short cell multiplexing into layered cells, and measured transmission efficiency to predict the layered cell structure schemes. Here we set the transmission line speed(trunking) at the between 45Mbps to 155Mbps, which are the future services bsed on ATM. From the viewpoint of transmision efficiency, layered cell shcemes is revealed to be more useful than fixed length cell schemes. Finally, we applied the proposed queueing model to the domestic IMT-2000 systems and we analysed the performance of trunk capacity.

우리나라 政府出捐 硏究機關의 外國技術 導入 經路選擇의 決定要因에 관한 硏究

金敎祥,趙大宇 韓國國際經營學會 1992 國際經營硏究 Vol.3 No.1

우리나라는 `90년대 산업의 질적 고도화와 지속적인 경제성장을 뒷받침하기 위하여 科學技術의 중요성이 요구되고 있다. 이를 실질적으로 뒷받침하기 위한 방법의 하나로서 政府出捐 硏究機關들이 외국으로부터 산업기술 및 공공기술에 필요한 기술도입계약과 함께 정부 특정연구과제로서 國際共同硏究와 아울러 國際技術協力 등을 중심으로 한 公共技術協力을 추진하고 있다. 민간제조기업의 기술도입경로가 海外直, 合作投資 및 技術導入契約 등인 데 비해 정부출연연구기관의 기술도입경로는 기술도입계약외에 公共技術協力 (이는 국제공동연구, 국제기술협력 등으로 대별됨)이라는 상이한 경로를 밟고 있다. 그러나 국제간 기술이전에 대한 연구의 대부분이 민간제조기업에 의해 수행되는 현상을 연구해온 데 대해 본 연구에서는 이미 중요한 기술도입주체로 부각되어 향후 우리나라를 기술대국으로서의 기반을 짊어져야 하는 주체로서의 정부출연연구기관을 연구대상으로 하여 기술도입경로선택에 영향을 미치는 결정요인을 규명해 보자는 데 그 의의가 있다. 이를 위해서는 연구기관이 갖는 特有性(uniqueness)을 smoothe시키고 普遍性(universality)을 전제로 하기 위해 새로이 구성하였다. 한편 기술도입경로도 민간기업과는 달리 기술도입계약, 공공기술협력(국제공동연구, 국제기술협력)등으로 재편하였다. 보다 보편적인 決定要因을 추출하기 위해 독립변수군을 기술특성군, 기술제공특성군, 기술도입자특성군, 정부특성군 등으로 4대분류하여, 기술도입경로선택의 결정요인을 檢證하였다. 결론적으로 정부출연연구기관의 外國技術導入經路의 選澤 및 說明變數로는 다수 (예: 기술수명 주기상의 위치, 기술연령, 기술도입담당부서, 국제협정지원 등) 가 선정될 수 있으나 그 중에서 技術의 垂直的 位階分類가 가장 중요한 결정요인임을 밝혔다. 즉 정부출연연구기관의 개별성 및 특유성에 관계없이 도입기술이 기술위계상 基礎基盤技術일 경우에는 國際共同硏究, 應用技術일 경우에는 國際技術協力, 常用化技術일 경우에는 技術導入契約이라는 經路를 선택하는 성향을 검증했다는 점이다. 이 연구결과는 정부출연연구기관의 경우 기술위계상 특성에 따라 외국으로부터 기술도입경로를 선택할 수 있는 기준을 제시할 수 있다는 데 그 의의가 있다고 본다.

TiO₂가 코팅된 Polyethylene 입자를 이용한 페놀과 톨루엔의 광분해

김동주,최상근,조준형,김교선 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.B

The photodegradation of phenol and toluene with the Ti0₂-coated polyethylene (PE) particles were investigated in the slurry type photocatalytic reactor, changing the Ti0₂ particle sizes, initial phenol and toluene concentrations, and the oxygen flow rate. The nano-sized Ti0₂ photocatalyst particles were prepared by the diffusion flame reactor and they were coated onto PE particles by using the hybridization system for the efficient recollection of Ti0₂- coated particles after photodegradation experiments. The degradation efficiencies of phenol and toluene with the Ti0₂-coated PE particles were more than 90% after photodegradation of 80 minutes for most cases. The efficiencies of photodegradation with the Ti0₂-coated PE particles were found to be lower than those by the pure Ti0₂ particles by 50%, because of the decrease in specific surface area of Ti0₂ particles in PE particles.

동종 조혈모세포이식 후 발생한 치명적 홍역 폐렴 1예

백창렬,이동건,최정현,정현화,조유경,박훈준,이승훈,박윤희,이교영,민우성,김춘추,신완식 대한감염학회 2001 감염 Vol.33 No.4

As a result of the enlarging pool of unvaccinated children and young adults, there has been an increase in measles in our countries. In these situation, it has been reported that measles associated pneumoinia is easily complicated with fatal respiratory failure, espycially in immunocompromised patients. Herein we report the case of lethal measles pneumonia after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adults proven by autopsy. Recently, one case of measles was encountered in 39-year-old female patients after allogenic bone marrow transplanted case (chronic myelogenous leukemia), who progressed into interstitial pneumonia pattern, despite treatment including antibiotics, immunoglobulin. The patient died of giant cell pneumonia compatible with that of measles which was comfirmed in the section of necropsy lung specimen. (Korean J Infect Dis 33:301∼309, 2001)