성인 급성 부고환염에서 Nested PCR에 의한 Chlamydia trachomatis의 검출

정원일,우승효,이형래,이상철,김용태,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2000 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.10 No.2

연구목적 : 성교가능 성인남자의 급성 부고환염에서 Chlamydia trachomatis가 차지하는 빈도를 Nested PCR을 통해 검출하여 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 1996년 9월부터 1999년 2월까지 본 충북대학교 병원 비뇨기과 외래 및 응급실을 내원하여 급성 부고환염으로 진단된 환자 중 성교가능 성인남자 28명을 대상으로 하여 환자로부터 얻은 뇨검체로 일반 미생물 배양검사, 그람염색검사 및 Chlamydia PCR을 시행하였다. 결과 : 급성 부고환염으로 진단된 28명의 평균 연령은 30.9±12.4세 였으며 총 28명중 17명 (60.7%)에서 Nested PCR 검사에 양성으로 나타났으며 연령별로는 20대가 10명중 7명(70%)으로 가장 높은 양성율을 보였다. 그람염색도말 결과 28명중에서 6명(21%)이 비임균성 요도염에 양성을 나타냈으며 또한 일반 미생물 배양 검사 결과 2명에서 균이 자랐는데, 각각 S. epididermidis와 E. coli였다. 결론 : PCR을 통한 Chlamydia trachomatis의 검출이 지금까지 행해진 다른 검사 방법들에 비해 월등하게 민감도가 높으며 성접촉이 가능한 연령의 성인 남자가 급성 부고환염 증세로 내원시 기본적으로 PCR을 통한 Chlamydia trachomatis 검출 검사를 시행하여 적절한 치료가 이루어지는 것이 중요할 것이다. Purpose : We studied the incidence of Chlamydial epididymitis in sexually active male with acute epididymitis by the Nested polymerase chain reaction( PCR ). Materials and Methods: Urine specimens, collected from 28 patients that was 30.9±12.4 years old and presented with acute epididymitis, were tested for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis by the Nested PCR and for other bacteria by the urine gram stain and culture. Results: Out of total 28 patients, 17 patients(60.7% ) showed positive for Chlamydia trachomatis by the Nested PCR. In thirtieth decade, 7 of 10 patients(70%) showed positive, revealed the highest incidence. 6 patients(21%) showed positive for other bacteria by the urine culture. Conclusion: Detection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis by the Nested PCR was higher than other current diagnostic technique. For the high incidence of Chlamydial epididymitis, all men with acute epididymitis should undergo Chlamydia trachomatis evaluation for adequate treatement of this infection.

TNF-α 유전자형과 방광암과의 관계

정필두,김은정,엄민식,서정원,윤석중,김종석,이상철,김원재 충북대학교 의학연구소 2001 忠北醫大學術誌 Vol.11 No.2

연구목적: TNF-α는 일부 종양의 종양화 과정과 관련이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 TNF-α 발현에 영향을 미치는 TNF-α 촉진자 -308 부위의 유전적 다형성이 방광암과 관련이 있는지 유무를 알고자 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 유전자 분석을 위하여 환자 113명 및 대조군 109명으로부터 혈액을 채취하여 genomic DNA를 분리한 후 PCR-RFLP 및 direct DNA sequencing을 통하여 TNF-α유전자의 다형성을 조사하여 방광암의 발생, 병기 및 분화도와 비교 검토하였다. 결과: TNF-α 촉진자 -308 부위의 유전형은 대조군에서는 GG형이 83.5%(90례 및 GA형이 16.5%(19례)로 관찰되었으며 AA형은 없었다. 환자군에서는 GG 형이 85.4%(97례), GA형 및 AA형은 각각 13.1%(15례)및 0.8%(1례)에서 관찰되었다. 두 군 모두에서 GG형이 가장 많이 나타났으며 다음으로 GA형을 보이고 AA형은 1례의 방광암 환자에서만 관찰되었다. -308부위의 경우도 두 군 사이에 유전자형의 차이는 없었다(p=0.259) 분화도별 분포를 보면 grade I이 20례, grade II가 49례, grade Ⅲ은 34례였고 병기별로 표재성인 경우가 90례였으며 침윤성은 14례였다. 분화도가 나빠질수록 GA형이 증가하였다(p=0.04). 그러나 병기와 TNF-α promoter -308부위의 유전자형 사이에는 유의한 상관 관계가 없었다(p=0.123). 결론: 방광암 환자의 혈액에서 GA genotype이 관찰되는 경우, 분화도가 나쁠 가능성이 매우 높기 때문에 좀 더 적극적인 치료와 세밀한 추적관찰을 함으로써 방광암으로 인한 사망과 암의 진행을 예방할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Purpose : Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is involved in tumorigenesis of several cancers as an endogenous tumor promoter. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether genetic polymorphism of TNF-α promoter region (-308) was associated with human bladder tumor. Materials and Methods: The DNA from 113 and 109 respective blood samples of bladder tumor Patients and control group was analyzed by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and direct DNA sequencing methods to characterize the genetic polymorphism of -308 promoter region of the TNF-α gene in bladder tumor patients. We compared the association of bladder tumor with genetic Polymorphism of TNF-α promoter region(-308) in relation to the stage, grade, recurrence and progressio. Results : Eighty-six percents(97/113) of bladder tumor patients and 83.5% (90/109) of control group showed genotype GG at -308 region of TNF-α. Difference in genetic variations of TNF-α promoter (-308) did not exist between bladder tumor patients and control group(p=0.259). Tumor grade was significantly related to the GA genotype (p=0.04). The higher is the grade in bladder tumor, the more frequent was the GA genotype. Tumor stage, recurrence and progression were not significantly associated with genetic polymorphism of TNF-α promoter region (-308). Conclusion: The GA genotype of TNF-a promoter region (-308) had a significant impact on TNF-α production and was related to higher grade tumor compared to GG genotype. TNF-α serum levels in bladder tumor patients were significantly higher than controls. These data suggested that TNF-α might involve the tumorigenesis of the bladder rather than treatment or prevention of bladder tumor.

한국형 우울장애 약물치료 알고리듬 2006 (Ⅲ) : 정신병적 양상을 동반한 주요우울삽화

김원,박원명,서정석,민경준,석정호,전덕인,전현태,이상열,송해철,홍진표,한국형 우울장애 약물치료 알고리듬 2006 연구그룹 大韓神經精神醫學會 2007 신경정신의학 Vol.46 No.6

Objectives : Since the publication of Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Major DepressiveDisorder (KMAP-MD) in 2002, there has been a substantial need for a revision due to rapid progress in the pharmacological management of depressive disorder. We revised KMAP-MD 2002 and developed the Korean Medication Algorithm Project for Depressive Disorder (KMAP-DD) 2006. Methods : We developed a questionniare for surveying the opinion of experts on pharmacotherapy of depressive disorder. The questionnaire consisted of 4 parts ; 1) treatment of non-psychotic depressive disorder, 2) treatment of psychotic de-pressive disorder, 3) treatment according to clinical subtypes and drugs choice considering adverse effects, and 4) treatment of depressive disorder in women. The questionnaire was completed by the review committee consisting of 101 experienced Korean psychiatrists. It is composed of 22 questions, and each question includes 54 sub-items. We classified the expert opinionto 3 categories (the first-line, the second-line, or the third-line) by χ²-test. Results : For depressive disorder with psychotic features, most reviewers prefer the combination of antidepressant and atypical antipsychotics. Electroconvulsive therapy and the combination of antidepressant and typical antipsychotics were the second-line treatment. Among antidepressants, venlafaxine was the most preferred, and SSRI and mirtazapine followed. Among atypical antipsychotics, quetiapine, risperidone and olanzapine were the most preferred, in this order. In patients who have no response to the first-line treatment, many reviewers recommended switching to another antidepressant or adding another atypical antipsychotics Conclusion : For severe depressive disorder with psychotic features, the combination of antidepressant and atypical antipsy-chotics was preferred for the first-line treatment. These results suggest that the medication strategies of depressive disorder are rapidly changing and reflects the recent studies and clinical experiences.

갈륨액체금속 이온원과 인듐액체금속 이온원의 빔 특성에 대한 연구

현정우,임연찬,정강원,정원희,박철우,이종향,강승언 한국공작기계학회 2005 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

본 연구에서는 인듐 액체금속이온원을 제작하여 빔 특성에 대해 연구를 하였으며, 기존에 연구를 하였던 갈륨 액체금속이온원의 빔특성과 비교 분석 하였다. 빔특성 분석을 위해 빔 안정도, 전류-전압특성곡선, 에너지 퍼짐을 측정하였다. 액체금속이온원에 사용되는 액체금속 저장소 및 바늘전극(tip)은 500μm의 직경을 갖는 텅스텐을 사용하였으며, 국내에서 제작된 제품을 사용하였다. 액체금속 저장소의 구조는 이전에 구상하여 연구가 이루어진 6개의 pre-etching된 텅스텐와이어(wire)가 묶여진 형태를 사용하였다.

감꼭지나방(나비목: 감꼭지나방과) 1세대 유충에 의한 떫은감의 피해양상과 발생소장

박은철,김길하,김정화,조수원 충북대학교 한국과학재단 지정 첨단원예기술개발 연구센터 2002 연구보고서 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구는 감꼭지나방 유충의 침입양상에 대하여 조사하였다. 떫은 감의 피해양상, 유충의 재충률, 지역별 피해양상 및 자연낙과율과 유충에 의한 낙과율을 조사하였다. 1세대 유충에 의한 피해양상은 과경이 64.9%와 꽃받침 부분이 35.1%이었다. 과경으로의 피해는 6월 하순경부터 7월 하순경까지 84.6%와 52.2%이었으며, 꽃받침부분으로는 15.4%와 30.5%이었다. 시기별로 감꼭지나방 1세대 유충에 의한 재충률은 6월 하순경부터 7월 하순경까지 59.0%에서 0%이었다. 자연낙과율은 유충에 의한 낙과율보다 피해가 더 크게 나타났다. 감꼭지나방의 발생소장은 연 2회 발생하며 1세대 성충은 5월 하순부터 6월 초순까지로 발생최성기는 6월 초순이었으며, 2세대는 7월 하순부터 8월 초순까지로 발생최성기는 7월 하순이었다. This study was conducted to determine the larval infestation aspect of persimmon fruit moth(PFM) Stathmopoda masinissa Meyrick, and its presence sites in damaged wild persimmon fruit, Diospyros kaki Thunb var domestica Mak, and rate of infested sites with larva, aspect of damaged of persimmon fruit moth in different regions and rate of natural or larval drop in Cheong ju, 2000. Rate of infested sites in wild persimmon fruit damaged by the 1st generation larva of the PFM were 64.9% at the pedicel and 35.1% at the calyx of flower, and from late June to late July the rate was 84.6% to 52.2% at the pedicel and 15.4% to 30.5% at the calyx of flower. At different observed dates the rate of infested site with larva in the wild persimmon fruit damaged by the 1st generation larva was from 59.0% to 0% at from late June to late July. Rate of natural drop damaged higher than rate of larval drop. Seasonal occurrence of S. masinissa was most likely to have to generations a year with first occurrence of adults from late May to early June and second from late July to early August including 2 peaks in early June and late July, respectively.

광대역 채널에서 수학적 모델을 적용한 스마트 안테나 시스템의 대역폭에 따른 성능분석

이정원,전준수,김철성 전남대학교 전자통신기술연구소 2002 전자통신기술논문지 Vol.5 No.1

The technology of smart antenna or adaptive array antenna for mobile communication has received enormous interest in recent years. The purpose of this article is to give mathematical modeling of the smart antenna. Also, the performance is analyzed for different bandwidths (1.25MHz, 5MHz) and different channel environments (rural, urban). For the analysis of smart antenna system, the vector channel model having the spatial-temporal correlation is needed. Hence, the channel is modeled as a time-variant linear filter in time, and each multipath is assumed as a reflective wave from only one direction (only one cluster) in space. In is shown that the performance of 5MHz system using smart antenna shows better performance that 1.25MHz system by employing many number of branches of 2D-RAKE receiver. Moreover, I can verify that the performance of W-CDMA system with smart antenna in urban area is considerably improved as shown in the result of simulation.

염산 메트폴민을 함유하는 경구방출제어형 제제의 제조 및 용출특성

구본철,김정수,이계원,지웅길 忠南大學校 生命科學硏究院 醫藥品開發硏究所 2006 藥學論文集 Vol.21 No.-

Metformin is an antihyperglycemic agent of the biguanide class used in the treatment of non-in-sulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Metformin hydrochloride has intrinsically poor permeability in the lower portion of the GI-tract leading to absorption almost exclusively in the upper part of the GI-tract. Its oral bioavailability is in the range of 50 to 60%. It also has a very high water solubility. In this study, we prepared sustained release matrix system containing metformin hydrochloride using various characteristics of polyethylene oxide (PEO). The metformin hydrochloride matrix tablets were prepared by direct compressed method and wet granulation compressed method with various molecular weight of PEO. Even though the molecular weights of PEOs used were 900K, 2,000K, and 5,000K. Moreover, three types of matrix tablets were formulated compositions were same, the hardness was different. The release kinetics were studied for 9 hours in pH 1.2 simulated gastric fluid and pH 6.8 simulated intestinal fluid, using a dissolution tester at 37.5℃, 50 rpm. As the molecular weight of PEO increased, the release rate decreased due to the slower swelling and dissolution of PEO. For the effect of hardness of matrix tablets, the rate of drug release was decreased with increasing hardness.

구리 지역에서 조사한 고혈압의 인지도, 치료률 및 관리률

홍철호,김순길,홍택원,이제,신진호,이재웅,김경수,김정현,임헌길,이방헌 대한간질학회 2003 대한간질학회지 Vol.9 No.1

사지의 급성동맥 색전증에 대한 응급동맥 색전제거술

박철완,원형섭,박정배,이근,조상훈,표창해,김상일 대한응급의학회 1996 대한응급의학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Acute arterial occlusion of the extremities is often a surgical emergency and is due mostly to arterial embolus. It has infrequently been reported in the emergency department. Cardiac embolism is most commonly the result of atrial fibrillation secondary to valvular heart disease followed by ischemic heart disease. The emergency arterial embolectomy by Fogarty balloon catheter works well when the cause of occlusion is cardiac embolus obstructing normal vessels in a patient with valvular heart disease. Recently we met some patients with acute critical ischemia of the extremities due to arterial emboli in our emergency department. On physical examination, they all had symptoms of 5"P"s(pain, pallor, pulselessness, paresthesia, paralysis). After emergency arterial embolect omy, immediate improvement was observed in all patients. They were discharged within 1 week. We report our experiences with the review of literatures.

도재 표면 처리에 따른 세라믹 브라켓의 전단 접착 강도 및 탈락 양상

이정남,이철원 대한치과교정학회 1998 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.28 No.5

도재의 표면처리가 세라믹 브라켓의 전단 접착강도에 미치는 영향과 브라켓 탈락 양상을 알아보기 위해 60개의 ceradent 도재 시편을 glazing 후 군당 10개씩 여섯 군으로 다음과 같이 분류하였다: 1군(silane), 2군(etching + silane), 3군(stone + silane), 4군(sandblasting + silane), 5군(stone + etching + silane), 6군(sandblasting + etching + silane) 통상적인 방법으로 세라믹 브라켓을 접착한 후 전단 접착강도를 측정하고 탈락양상을 육안 및 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 표면처리 후 silane을 도포한 2군부터 6군은 silane만을 도포한 1군에 비해 유의성 있는 전단 접착강도의 증가를 보였다(P<0.05). 2. 한 가지 방법 이상으로 표면처리한 3군부터 6군은 서로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 3. etching 표면처리한 2군은 sandblasting 표면 처리한 4군과 복합 표면처리한 5,6군에 비해 전단 접착강도가 낮았다(P<0.05). 4. sandblasting 표면 처리한 4군은 주사 현미경 소견상 복합 처리한 5,6군보다 감소된 요철정도를 보였으나 전단 접착 강도 측정 결과 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 이상의 결론을 종합해볼 때 도재에 세라믹 브라켓을 접착하기 위해서는 한가지 이상의 방법에 의한 도재의 표면처리 후 silane을 도포해야 임상적으로 적절한 접착강도를 얻을 수 있으며, 술식의 간편성을 고려할 때 sandblasting 후 silane 처리를 하는 것이 효율적일 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength and failure mode of ceramic brackets according to the surface treatment of porcelain. Sixty porcelain samples were randomly divided into six groups of ten samples. Then they were treated as follows: Group 1(silane only), Group 2(etching + silane), Group 3(stone + silane), Group 4(sandblasting + silane), Group 5(stone + etching + silane), Group 6(sandblasting + etching + silance) After surface treatment of porcelain, sixty Transcend 6000 brackets were bonded to the prepared porcelain surface and they were stored in 37℃ saline for 24 hours. An Instron universal testing machine was used to test the shear bond strength of ceramic brackets to porcelain. After debonding., bases of ceramic brackets and porcelain surfaces were examined under scanning election microscope(SEM) to determine failure mode. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out with one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. The results were as follows: 1. The shear bond strength of surface-treated groups 2 to 6 was higher than that of only silane-treated group 1, and there was statical significance. (P<0.05) 2. There was no significant difference among the groups 3 to 6. (P>0.05) 3. The shear bond strength of etching-surface treated group 2 was significantly lower than those of sandblasting-surface treated group 4, complex surface treated group 5 and group 6. 4. According to the scanning electromicroscopic images, the surface roughness of sandblasting-surface treated group 4 was less then those of the group 5 and 6, but there was no significant difference in the shear bond strength. (P>0.05) As a conclusion we can have a clinically adequate bond strength when an application of silance is done after the treatment of porcelain surface with more than one way to bond ceramic bracket on the porcelain. Also, it is considered that the sandblasting and application of silance is effective for the simplication and convenience of the treatment.