Exceptional reduction of the plastid genome of saguaro cactus (<i>Carnegiea gigantea</i>): Loss of the <i>ndh</i> gene suite and inverted repeat

Sanderson, Michael J.,Copetti, Dario,Bú,rquez, Alberto,Bustamante, Enriquena,Charboneau, Joseph L. M.,Eguiarte, Luis E.,Kumar, Sudhir,Lee, Hyun Oh,Lee, Junki,McMahon, Michelle,Steele, Kelly,Wing Botanical Society of America, Inc. (Columbus) * Bu 2015 American journal of botany Vol. No.

<P>• <I>Premise of the study:</I> Land-plant plastid genomes have only rarely undergone significant changes in gene content and order. Thus, discovery of additional examples adds power to tests for causes of such genome-scale structural changes.</P><P>• <I>Methods:</I> Using next-generation sequence data, we assembled the plastid genome of saguaro cactus and probed the nuclear genome for transferred plastid genes and functionally related nuclear genes. We combined these results with available data across Cactaceae and seed plants more broadly to infer the history of gene loss and to assess the strength of phylogenetic association between gene loss and loss of the inverted repeat (IR).</P><P>• <I>Key results:</I> The saguaro plastid genome is the smallest known for an obligately photosynthetic angiosperm (∼113 kb), having lost the IR and plastid <I>ndh</I> genes. This loss supports a statistically strong association across seed plants between the loss of <I>ndh</I> genes and the loss of the IR. Many nonplastid copies of plastid <I>ndh</I> genes were found in the nuclear genome, but none had intact reading frames; nor did three related nuclear-encoded subunits. However, nuclear <I>pgr5</I>, which functions in a partially redundant pathway, was intact.</P><P>• <I>Conclusions:</I> The existence of an alternative pathway redundant with the function of the plastid NADH dehydrogenase-like complex (NDH) complex may permit loss of the plastid <I>ndh</I> gene suite in photoautotrophs like saguaro. Loss of these genes may be a recurring mechanism for overall plastid genome size reduction, especially in combination with loss of the IR.</P>

SUNRISE/IMaX OBSERVATIONS OF CONVECTIVELY DRIVEN VORTEX FLOWS IN THE SUN

Bonet, J. A.,Má,rquez, I.,Almeida, J. Sá,nchez,Palacios, J.,Pillet, V. Martí,nez,Solanki, S. K.,del Toro Iniesta, J. C.,Domingo, V.,Berkefeld, T.,Schmidt, W.,Gandorfer, A.,Barthol, P IOP Publishing 2010 ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS - Vol.723 No.2

Structural studies at metallic surfaces and interfaces using MEIS

D.P.Woodru?,M.A.Mu?oz-M?rquez,R.E.Tanner 한국물리학회 2003 Current Applied Physics Vol.3 No.1

A brief survey is presented of a range of recent and current experiments in which medium energy ion scattering has been used toin which the presence of interface and sub-surface stacking faults are investigated (Sb on Cu(11) and Ag(111)) and the amplitudeand origin of surface layer rumpling are identied (Pb on Ni(111), Sn on Ni(110), Au and Mn on Cu(100)); near-surface com-position and structure of a Pt25Rh75(11) alloy surface; the early stages of oxidation and oxide growth on Ru and Ni surfaces.. 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

β-Caryophyllene, a Dietary Cannabinoid, Protects Against Metabolic and Immune Dysregulation in a Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model

Noel N. Franco-Arroyo,Juan M. Viveros-Paredes,A. Sara M. Zepeda-Morales,Erika Rolda´n,Ana L. Ma´rquez-Aguirre,Jose´ S. Zepeda-Nun˜o,Gilberto Vela´zquez-Jua´rez,Mary Fafutis-Morris,Rocio I. Lo´pez-Roa 한국식품영양과학회 2022 Journal of medicinal food Vol.25 No.10

Obesity is an abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat in the body that exacerbates metabolic and inflammatory processes, and impairs the health of afflicted individuals. β-caryophyllene is a natural sesquiterpene that is a dietary cannabinoid with anti-inflammatory properties and potential activity against metabolic diseases. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of β-caryophyllene on C57BL/6 mice using a diet-induced obesity model. Male mice were randomly assigned to the following groups over a 16-week period: (1) standard diet as lean control, (2) high-fat diet (HFD) as obese control, and (3) HFD + β-caryophyllene with β-caryophyllene at 50 mg/kg. Treatment with β-caryophyllene improved various metabolic parameters including increased total body weight, fasting glucose levels, oral-glucose tolerance, insulin tolerance, fasting triglycerides, adipocyte hypertrophy, and liver macrovesicular steatosis. β-caryophyllene also modulated the levels and expression of immune response factors including adiponectin, leptin, insulin, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-a, and Toll-like receptor-4. Our data indicate that chronic supplementation with β-caryophyllene can improve relevant metabolic and immunological processes in obese mice. This protocol was approved by the Institutional Committee for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals from the University of Guadalajara with protocol code CUCEI/CINV/CICUAL-01/2022.

Response transformation factors for deterministic-based and reliability-based seismic design

Edén Bojórquez,Juan Bojórquez,Sonia E. Ruiz,Alfredo Reyes-Salazar,Juan Velázquez-Dimas 국제구조공학회 2013 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.46 No.6

One of the main requirements of the seismic design codes must be its easy application by structural engineers. The use of practically-applicable models or simplified models as single-degree-offreedom (SDOF) systems is a good alternative to achieve this condition. In this study, deterministic and probabilistic response transformation factors are obtained to evaluate the response in terms of maximum ductility and maximum interstory drifts of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems based on the response of equivalent SDOF systems. For this aim, five steel frames designed with the Mexican City Building Code (MCBC) as well as their corresponding equivalent SDOF systems (which represent the characteristics of the frames) are analyzed. Both structural systems are subjected to ground motions records. For the MDOF and the simplified systems, incremental dynamic analyses IDAs are developed in first place, then, structural demand hazard curves are obtained. The ratio between the IDAs curves corresponding to the MDOF systems and the curves corresponding to the simplified models are used to obtain deterministic response transformation factors. On the other hand, demand hazard curves are used to calculate probabilistic response transformation factors. It was found that both approaches give place to similar results.

Prediction of hysteretic energy demands in steel frames using vector-valued IMs

Edén Bojórquez,Laura Astorga,Alfredo Reyes-Salazar,Amador Terán-Gilmore,Juan Velázquez-Dimas,Juan Bojórquez,Luz Rivera 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.19 No.3

It is well known the importance of considering hysteretic energy demands for the seismic assessment and design of structures. In such a way that it is necessary to establish new parameters of the earthquake ground motion potential able to predict energy demands in structures. In this paper, several alternative vector-valued ground motion intensity measures (IMs) are used to estimate hysteretic energy demands in steel framed buildings under long duration narrow-band ground motions. The vectors are based on the spectral acceleration at first mode of the structure Sa(T1) as first component. As the second component, IMs related to peak, integral and spectral shape parameters are selected. The aim of the study is to provide new parameters or vector-valued ground motion intensities with the capacity of predicting energy demands in structures. It is concluded that spectral-shape-based vector-valued IMs. have the best relation with hysteretic energy demands in steel frames subjected to narrow-band earthquake ground motions.

Comparison of Spectral Density Models to Simulate Wind Records

Edén Bojórquez,Omar Payán-Serrano,Alfredo Reyes-Salazar,Adrián Pozos 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.4

Due to the lack of real wind records to perform dynamic analysis of structural systems, civil and structural engineers commonly use simplified and conservative approaches to consider the dynamic effects of wind. With the aim to provide wind records, several studies suggest that the use of spectral density models and configuration of basic wind speed and terrain roughness are adequate to simulate the velocity field of the turbulent wind; however, nowadays there is no enough information to conclude which is the best spectral density model to simulate wind records for various configurations of basic wind speed and terrain roughness. For this reason, in this paper different scenarios are simulated in order to study the behavior of six spectral density functions which are frequently used in wind engineering. It is observed that the models proposed by von Karman, von Karman-Harris and Solari are the best alternative to simulate wind records.

Energy-based damage index for steel structures

E. Bojórquez,A. Terán-Gilmore,S.E. Ruiz,A. Reyes-Salazar 국제구조공학회 2010 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.10 No.4

Ample research effort has been oriented into developing damage indices with the aim of estimating in a reasonable manner the consequences, in terms of structural damage and deterioration, of severe plastic cycling. Although several studies have been devoted to calibrate damage indices for steel and reinforced concrete members; currently, there is a challenge to study and calibrate the use of such indices for the practical evaluation of complex structures. The aim of this paper is to introduce an energy-based damage index for multi-degree-offreedom steel buildings that accounts explicitly for the effects of cumulative plastic deformation demands. The model has been developed by complementing the results obtained from experimental testing of steel members with those derived from analytical studies regarding the distribution of plastic demands on several steel frames designed according to the Mexico City Building Code. It is concluded that the approach discussed herein is a promising tool for practical structural evaluation of framed structures subjected to large energy demands.

El recurso audiovisual como herramienta didáctica en la clase de español L2/LE : Ejemplo de propuesta didáctica con Diarios de motocicleta (2004)

( Arrayás Márquez José Antonio ) 한국스페인어문학회 2021 스페인어문학 Vol.- No.101

This article begins by highlighting how integrating the work with audiovisual resources in the L2/LE class can facilitate the understanding of linguistic aspects and make the student cope more safely with lexical and grammatical content. It also points out how audiovisual material can increase student motivation, since it makes the target language and culture much more attractive and easier to decipher. This paper reflects on the convenience of bringing audiovisual resources to the language classroom, since for a long time the video materials that have been brought to L2/LE classes focused mainly on linguistic work, ignoring the cultural component present in all audiovisual production. Through the viewing of a movie or a chapter of a series, students are aware of other communicative aspects, such non-verbal language or socio-cultural aspects, wich are inserted in the real communication situations that we can find in the scenes. For all these reasons, the article shows that the cinema and other audiovisual materials are and should be first-rate didactic tool in L2/LE classes, since we can achieve in the classroom an integration of all skills fully contextualized: our students will read, listen, and speak in real communication situations. This work reviews the evolution of the use of audiovisual materials in the classroom, deals with the implications of the communicative approach and the exploitation of audiovisual resources, and explains the main advantages and disadvantages of working in language classes with audiovisual productions and how to select the most appropriate. Finally, three classroom activities are proposed to work with the movie Diarios de motocicleta (2004).

Metabolic and Hemodynamic Results and Early Complications in Simultaneous Bilateral versus Unilateral Hip Arthroscopy

Bernardo Aguilera-Bohórquez,Mauricio Pachón,Miguel Sánchez,Orlando Ramos-Cardozo,Erika Cantor 대한정형외과학회 2019 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.11 No.4

Background: To compare the hemodynamic parameters—electrolyte concentration, D-dimer level, creatine phosphokinase level—and the incidence of early complications of simultaneous bilateral versus unilateral hip arthroscopy. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on patients (> 18 years of age) undergoing unilateral or bilateral hip arthroscopy under the same anesthetic between 2013 and 2015. Patients were followed up for 30 days after surgery. In all cases, data were collected before, during, and after the surgical procedure. Results: One hundred cases of hip arthroscopy (51 unilateral and 49 bilateral) were included in this study. There was a greater variation in systolic blood pressure and heart rate in the unilateral group. The sodium levels were higher in the bilateral group with an adjusted mean difference of 5.31 mmol/L (p < 0.001). During the first 24 hours after the procedure, the proportion of patients with an altered D-dimer of > 500 ng/mL was 85.7% in the bilateral group and 56.9% in the unilateral group. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the groups (bilateral, 8.2%; unilateral, 9.8%; crude odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.24 to 2.92; p = 0.526). Conclusions: The variations of hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy remained within normal ranges. The findings of this study suggest that bilateral hip arthroscopy be selected according to the patient’s condition, considering that the risk of complications and metabolic alterations in bilateral hip arthroplasty are similar to those in unilateral arthroscopy.