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Compact soft x-ray transmission microscopy with sub-50 nm spatial resolution
Kim, Kyong Woo,Kwon, Youngman,Nam, Ki-Yong,Lim, Jong-Hyeok,Kim, Kyu-Gyum,Chon, Kwon Su,Kim, Byoung Hoon,Kim, Dong Eon,Kim, JinGon,Ahn, Byoung Nam,Shin, Hyun Joon,Rah, Seungyu,Kim, Ki-Ho,Chae, Jin Seok Institute of Physics in association with the Ameri 2006 Physics in medicine & biology Vol.51 No.6
<P>In this paper, the development of compact transmission soft x-ray microscopy (XM) with sub-50 nm spatial resolution for biomedical applications is described. The compact transmission soft x-ray microscope operates at λ = 2.88 nm (430 eV) and is based on a tabletop regenerative x-ray source in combination with a tandem ellipsoidal condenser mirror for sample illumination, an objective micro zone plate and a thinned back-illuminated charge coupled device to record an x-ray image. The new, compact x-ray microscope system requires the fabrication of proper x-ray optical devices in order to obtain high-quality images. For an application-oriented microscope, the alignment procedure is fully automated via computer control through a graphic user interface. In imaging studies using our compact XM system, a gold mesh image was obtained with 45 nm resolution at ?580 magnification and 1 min exposure. Images of a biological sample (<I>Coscinodiscus oculoides</I>) were recorded.</P>
조선업의 작업환경측정결과를 이용한 노출평가의 문제점과 해결방향 : 유사노출군을 중심으로
노영만,임현우,김석일,박효만,정재열,박숙경,김현욱,정치경,이원철,김정만,김수근,고상백,Karl Siber,김은아,최정근 한국산업위생학회 2001 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.11 No.2
Statistical approaches for analysis of data from the limited number of samples in ship building industry(SBI) collected by an industrial hygienist for checking compliance to an occupational standard were considered. Sampling for com-pliance usually has been guided by judgment selection, rather than true randomness, resulting in the creation of compliance samples which approximate a censored sample from the upper tail of the exposure distribution. Similar exposure groups(SEGs) including welding and painting process were established to assess representative values in each groups after reviewing the whole production line in SBI. For the convenient statistical approaches, the code has assigned to each SEGs. The descriptive statistics and probability plotting were used to yield the representative values in each SEGs. In the first step, SEGs of 558 were established from 5 ship building companies, The 38 SEGs showed the uncertainty are divided into each 5 companies and assessed the repre-sentative values again. The 44 SEGs in each companies was not showed the normal and lognormal distribution was analyzed each data. And also, recommendation was suggested to resolve the uncertainty in each groups.
석유화학 공장 사무실 공기질과 근로자 자각 증상과의 연관성에 관한 연구
김기연(Kiyoun Kim),김혜정(Hyejung Kim),김현수(Hyunsoo Kim),김치년(Chinyon Kim),원종욱(Jonguk Won),노영만(Youngman Roh),노재훈(Jaehoon Roh) 한국실내환경학회 2006 한국실내환경학회지 Vol.3 No.3
This research was performed with the subject of 111 offices in a chemical plant of Korea. Airborne concentration level of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde and total suspended particulates in the office rooms were measured along with temperature and relative humidity. Simultaneously, general characteristics and subjective health symptoms of 500 office workers were investigated through a questionnaire consisting of the five point weighting method : 0 = not at all, 1 = a little bit, 2 = moderately, 3 = quite a bit and 4 = extremely. Results showed that the mean values for temperature and relative humidity in investigated office rooms were 22.2℃ and 34.3%, respectively. The concentrations of formaldehyde, PM10, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide were 0.17 ppb, 28.8 ㎍/㎥, 0.95 ppm and 424 ppm, respectively. 56.4% of all the workers investigated replied with a sense of fatigue or weariness (mean=2.23), drowsiness or languidness (mean=2.22), sneezing (mean=2.11) and ophthalmia oreye fatigue (mean=2.07). Female workers, non-smokers, non-drinkers, workers who do shift more than nine hours a day, and workers in poor health experienced more subjective symptoms than other workers (p<0.05). Subjective symptoms of office workers were significantly associated with the following items of office characteristics: the purchase date of office equipment, the change of office furniture, the use of paint, smoking in the office, ventilation condition, the use of an individual air-conditioner, the use of a fax machine, the degree of office repair, the proportion of workers per office, the degree of satisfaction in office environment, and the operation hours of the air-conditioner. Also, subjective symptoms were positively correlated with indoor environmental factors such as relative humidity, carbon dioxide level, level of PM10, and formaldehyde (p<0.05). In conclusion, office characteristics and air quality in a chemical plant affected subjective health symptoms of office workers. Thus, in order to improve the health of workers, to enhance work efficiency, and to establish a better office environment, air quality control in office rooms by optimal ventilation, adequately occupied number of workers in one office, and maintenance of office equipment should be fulfilled thoroughly.
Holographic deuteron and nucleon-nucleon potential
Kim, Youngman,Lee, Sangmin,Yi, Piljin IOP Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2009 No.4
We compute the potential between a pair of nucleons in the D4-D8 holographic QCD. In the large 't Hooft coupling limit, λ >> 1, the hadronic size of the baryon is small ∼ 1/λ<SUP>1/2</SUP><I>M</I><SUB>KK</SUB>, and their interaction with mesons are well approximated by a set of dimension four and five operators. The nucleon-nucleon potential emerges from one-boson exchange picture involving massless pseudo-scalars and an infinite tower of spin one mesons. We find in particular that ρ meson exchanges are dominated by a dimension five derivative coupling of tensor type, whereas for ω mesons and axial mesons, such tensor couplings are completely absent. The potential is universally repulsive ∼ 1/<I>r</I><SUP>2</SUP> at short distance, and has the usual long-distance attractive behavior ∼ −1/<I>r</I><SUP>3</SUP> along a isosinglet and spin triplet channel. Both the large <I>N</I><SUB><I>c</I></SUB> form and the finite <I>N</I><SUB><I>c</I></SUB> form are given. In the former, a shallow classical minimum of depth ∼ 0.1<I>M</I><SUB>KK</SUB><I>N</I><SUB><I>c</I></SUB>/λ forms at around <I>rM</I><SUB>KK</SUB> ≃ 5.5.
Mesons and nucleons from holographic QCD in a unified approach
Kim, Hyun-Chul,Kim, Youngman,Yakhshiev, Ulugbek IOP Publishing Ltd 2009 Journal of high energy physics Vol.2009 No.11
We investigate masses and coupling constants of mesons andnucleons within a hard wall model of holographic QCD in a unifiedapproach. We first examine an appropriate form of fermionicsolutions by restricting the mass coupling for the five dimensionalbulk fermions and bosons. We then derive approximated <I>analytic</I>solutions for the nucleons and the corresponding masses in a smallmass coupling region. In order to treat meson and nucleonproperties on the same footing, we introduce the same infrared (IR)cut in such a way that the meson-nucleon coupling constants, i.e.,<I>g</I><SUB>π<I>NN</I></SUB> and <I>g</I><SUB>ρ<I>NN</I></SUB> are uniquely determined. The firstorder approximation with respect to a dimensionless expansionparameter, which is valid in the small mass coupling region,explicitly shows difficulties to avoid the IR scale problem of thehard wall model. We discuss possible ways of circumventing theseproblems.