LCC를 고려한 KSTAR 냉각수설비의 설계특징 및 성능평가

김영진(Young-Jin Kim),정남용(Nam-Yong Jung),임동석(Dong-Seok Im),김상태(Sang-Tae Kim),김양수(Yaung-Su Kim),유성연(Seong-Yeon Yoo) 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11

KSTAR is the final aim that is development of the nuclear fusion power plant to generate the green and stable high-capacity electricity. Most of the components of KSTAR are to obtain the thermal stability by deionized (DI) water. KSTAR performed the plasma experiment annual is used the electric energy of many billions won per year, and the cooling water system (CWS) currently comprise about twenty five percent of the total energy. Therefore, the CWS should be minimized fabrication, operation and maintenance costs. In order to minimize the life cycle cost (LCC), the CWS has design features as following: to classify as a pulse load cooling loop type operated intermittently and a continuous load cooling loop type operated continuously, to apply two-step heat exchanger (HE) in the cooling loops, to install the by-pass pipe between the cooling tower water loops and the chilled water loops for shutdown chillers in winter, to equip a separate small pump system and interface piping because the first neutral beam injection (NBI-1) is carried out the experiment operation at day and the standby unload one, being operation for beamline vacuum, at night, and to fit a 3-way valve and a pre-cooler in a plasma facing component (PFC) nitrogen gas baking system. In operation results, we analyzed the flow stream in a cooling water storage tank and a tower water header, the water temperature state in the two-step HE, and the performance of a polishing system, the NBI-1 cooling system and the PFC nitrogen gas baking system.

유한 효과에 의한 Gadolinium 박막의 Curie온도 이동

Rhee, Il-Su,Chu, Gyo-Jin,Lee, Eui-Wan,Lee, Sang-Yun,Lee, Chong-Yong,Kim, Yaung-Soo,Kim, Dong-Lak,Ri, H.C. 한국재료학회 1994 한국재료학회지 Vol.4 No.6

자화도를 측정함으로써 gadolinium박막의 강자성에서 상자성으로의 전이온도를 결정했다. 박막의 전이온도는 박막의 두께가 얇아짐에 따라 점점 더 bulk계의 전이온도보다 낮아지는 것이 관측되었으며 이 현상은 박막계의 유한성에 의해 일어나는 현상으로 알려져 있다. 우리는 이 결과를 유한효과 및 유한 축척이론에 근거하여 설명하였다. We determine the Curie temperature of thin gadolinium films by the measurement of magnetization as a function of temperature. From these data, we observe the Curie temperature shift in films from the bulk value, and also see the systematic behavior of this shift with thicknesses of films, that is, the larger the shift is, the thinner the film is. In this paper, we analyze and explain these results in light of finite-size scaling theory.

칼슘 침전처리에 의한 인산폐수 재사용에 관한 연구

김영임,김동수,Kim Yaung-Im,Kim Dong-Su 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2003 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.12 No.4

인산염은 유기물의 성장에 필요한 중요한 영양물질이나 아주 미량이 필요하여 폐수 중의 인산염은 오염물질로 작용하며 수생 생태계에 영향을 미친다. 따라서 고농도의 인산염에 대하여 칼슘을 이용한 침전법를 사용하여 인산염의 제거에 관한 연구를 수행하였으며 폐수의 재이용 방면에 대해 고찰하였다. 인산염의 침전 제거 시 pH 조건은 pH 6에서 pH 12로 고려하였는데, pH 12에서 가장 좋은 효율을 나타내었다. 또한 인산염은 침전반응에 의하여 칼슘을 침전반응 당량비의 0.5배 투입한 경우까지 제거율이 급격히 증가하는 경향을 나타내었으며 인산염의 잔존량은 0.0027 mM 까지 낮추는 효과를 가져왔다. 불소가 오염물로 존재하는 상황에서 인산염을 제거하기 위한 실험은 pH 및 농도비에 따라 진행되었으며 pH가 증가할수록 인산염의 제거율은 증가하였다. 또한 인산염 : 불소의 농도비가 증가하여도 인산염의 제거율은 크게 영향을 받지 않은 것이 관찰되었다. Phosphate is an essential material for the growth of organisms. However. since relatively small amount is required. a large amount of phosphate is abandoned in wastes and wastewater. which contaminate the ecological environment including aquatic system. Purpose of this study is to treat especially high concentrated phosphate wastewater by use of calcium precipitation method. The pH range considered was from 6 to 12 and the maximum removal of phosphate was attained at pH 12. The con-centration of phosphate was observed to decrease rapidly until a half amount of calcium ion to its equivalent for the formation of calcium phosphate precipitate was added. which resulted in the decrease of the remaining concentration of phosphate down to 0.0027 mM. The effect of fluoride ion was examined and the concentration ratio between the phosphate and fluoride ion did not have any significant influence on the removal efficiency of phosphate. The effect of pH was also investigated. With the increasing of the pH in solution, the removal rate of phosphate was increased. Also it was investigated that the effect of fluoride on the phosphate removal was not significant.

병원의 냉장저장급식제도를 위해 조리된 완자전의 냉장저장 중 이화학적 성분변화

김혜영(Heh-Young Kim),임양이(Yaung-Iee Lim),강태수(Tae-Su Kang) 한국식품영양과학회 1997 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.26 No.6

본 연구에서는 우리나라 병원급식소에서 냉장저장 급식제도의 이용을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자, 기호성이 높은 완자전을 모의실험으로 조리하여 포장한 후 냉장하여 재가열될 때까지 식품생산 단계별(전처리, 조리, 저장 및 재가열단계)로 저장온도(2℃와 7℃)와 저장기간(1,2,3,4주)에 따라 영양소함량과 이화학적 성분변화를 평가하였다. 완자전의 일반성분 중 수분, 단백질 및 수분함량은 저장기간에 따른 손실이 비교적 적었으며, 2℃와 7℃의 저장온도간에도 조리직후와 큰 차이가 없었다. 무기질은 저장온도와 저장기간에 따른 변화가 거의 없었다. 총불포화 지방산은 2℃저장에서는 별로 변화가 없었으나 7℃저장에서는 4주 후 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 이때 총유리아미노산과 총아마노산은 오히려 감소되었으며, 조리직후와 비교해 볼 때 미미한 변화였다. 휘발성 염기질소는 조리직후 11.2㎎로 저장 2주까지 별로 변화가 없다가, 4주째에 2℃와 7℃저장에서 2.9㎎%, 3.0㎎%정도가 각각 증가되었고, 재가열단계에서는 7℃저장시료에서 16.8㎎%로서 저장 후보다도 높았다. TBA값은 0.128에서 4주 후 2℃와 7℃에서 0.143, 0.158로 저장기간에 따라 2℃저장이 더 낮은 TBA가를 나타냈고, 재가열한 후는 0.193, 0.203으로 저장 후보다 유의적으로 증가되었다. 이와같은 실험결과로부터 4주간 2℃와 7℃에서 저장된 완자전의 영양소함량의 변화를 보면 비교적 조리직후와 비슷한 값을 유지하였지만, 냉장 중 식품의 품질변화를 평가한 휘발성 염기질소와 TBA의 값은 저장 4주째에 7℃에서 현저하게 증가되었기 때문에, 본 연구가 환자를 위한 냉장저장급식제도임을 고려한다면 2℃저장에서는 3주까지, 7℃저장에서는 2주까지 급식함이 바람직하다고 사료된다. 또한 본 실험이 조리 즉시 급속냉각 후 진공포장하여, 영국의 DOH 지침서에서 제시된 3℃이하의 온도에서 냉장하고, microwave oven으로 재가열한 식품생산과정이 냉장 후 급식되는 완자전의 최적 이화학적 품질상태를 유지하는데 효과적이었다고 사료된다. 이에 따라 냉장 중 저장온도에 따른 저장기간을 엄격하게 통제할 수 있도록, 프로그램을 개발하여 정규적인 종업원의 교육과 훈련이 이루어져야겠다. To measure nutritional components and physical quality of Wanja-jeon(Korean pan fried meat balls) was investigated during storage in a simulated hospital cook/chill foodservice system. The Wanja-jeon was cooked and stored for 4 weeks in chill conditions of 2 and 7℃ and then reheated in the microwave oven. Moisture, protein, and fat contents were decreased little during 4 weeks storage at 2 and 7℃. Total unsaturated fatty acids(TUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) increased slightly at 7℃ storage. Total free amino acid contents were reduced after 4 weeks of storage, while total amino acids were affected little during chilled storage. However, volatile basic nitrogen(VBN) increased during the 4 weeks storage from 11.2㎎%, immediately after cooking, to 14.1~14.2㎎%. After reheating, thiobarbituric acid(TBA) value increased more significantly to 0.19 and 0.20.

Aging Factor와 전력케이블 수명과의 상관관계

위삼복(Sam-Bok Wi),김재문(Jae-Moon Kim),정노건(No-Geon Jung),김양수(Su-yaung Kim) 대한전기학회 2015 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.11

전기로 제강분진 중 고아연함량입자 성분의 마찰대전분리 회수

장현주,김동수,김행구,조민영,남궁원,Chang Hyun-Joo,Kim Dong-Su,Kim Hang-Goo,Cho Min-Yaung,Namkung Won 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2004 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.13 No.2

전기로 분진은 전기로법에 의한 고철처리량의 증가와 함께 매년 그 양이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 전기로 제강분진은 매립에 의한 처리가 주를 이루어 왔으나, 최근 매립부지의 부족과 중금속 용출 등에 의한 위해성에 의해 특정폐기물로 지정되어 이에 대한 처리에 관심이 고조되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전기로 분진의 재활용 방안과 관련하여 이의 형상 및 입도분포, 성분물질 등을 분석하였으며, 재활용 가능한 유가금속의 하나인 Zn의 마찰대전분리에 관한 기초 연구를 시행하였다. 그 결과 입자의 형상은 구형, 비구형이 집적되어 있고 그 구성 성분으로는 $ZnFe_2$$O_4$, ZnO, Fe, Zn 및 FeO등으로 구성되어 있는 것으로 관찰되었다. 특히, 회수 대상인 Zn는 그 중량이 제강분진의 15~30wt%로 그 함량이 높아 회수하여 재활용하기에 가치가 높다고 판단되었다. 전기로 제강분진내의 성분 물질들은 각각의 일함수가 다름으로 인해 대전 특성이 다르게 나타났으며, 이를 이용하여 Zn의 품위를 더 높여 제강분진을 분리할 수 있었다. 제강분진의 성분물질을 각각 단일 시료로 하여 재질이 다른 중간하전물질로부터 총 Zn의 품위를 높이는데 가장 적절한 중간하전물질을 결정하였다. 전극판의 간격, 전압의 세기, 순환처리 등에 의한 분리변수 등이 마찰대전분리의 효율에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 최적의 조건을 도출하였다. 이 조건에서 마찰대전분리 후 분진에 함유되어 있는 Zn의 함량이 50wt%를 상회하는 제강분진을 분리 회수 할 수 있었다. The amount of electric furnace dust has been steadily increasing due to the increase of iron scraps which are usually recycled by electric furnace melting process. To date, this electric furnace dust has usually been treated by landfilling, however, because of shortage of landfill sites and heavy metal leaching more desirable treatment schemes are urgently needed. Among several possible schemes for the proper treatment of electric furnace dust, its recycling can be said to be most desirable. In present study, the triboelectrostatic separation of zinc and zinc-containing components from electric furnace dust was attempted based on its physicochemical properties such as particle shape, size distribution, and chemical assay. The dust was found to be mixed with spherical and non-spherical shaped particles and its major component materials were $ZnFe_2$$O_4$, ZnO, Fe, Zn, and FeO. The content of zinc-containing components in the entire dust was observed to be in the range of 15~30 wt%, which reasonably justified that zinc is recyclable. The triboelectrostatic characteristic of each component material was found to be different each other since their work functions were different, and based on this characteristic zinc and zinc-containing component could be flirty separated from the dust. After selecting a proper tribo-elec-trification material, the separation features of zinc and zinc-containing component were examined by taking the distance of electrodes, electric field strength, and scavenging as the experimental variables. The highest zinc-content obtained under the optimal separating condition was found to be up to 50wt%.

급전계통 부하개폐기 정밀안전점검 방법 고찰

양명지(Myoung-Ji Yang),오완식(wan-shik Oh),김양수(Su-Yaung Kim),이유경(Yu-Kyeong Lee),김재문(Jae-Moon Kim) 대한전기학회 2021 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2021 No.10

전차선로 주요설비인 급전계통 부하개폐기 정밀안전점검 방법 고찰

CURRENT STATUS OF NUCLEAR FUSION ENERGY RESEARCH IN KOREA

Kwon, My-Eun,Bae, Young-Soon,Cho, Seung-Yon,Choe, Won-Ho,Hong, Bong-Geun,Hwang, Yong-Seok,Kim, Jin-Yong,Kim, Kee-Man,Kim, Yaung-Soo,Kwak, Jong-Gu,Lee, Hyeon-Gon,Lee, San-Gil,Na, Yong-Su,Oh, Byung-Hoon Korean Nuclear Society 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.4

The history of nuclear fusion research in Korea is rather short compared to that of advanced countries. However, since the mid-1990s, at which time the construction of KSTAR was about to commence, fusion research in Korea has been actively carried out in a wide range of areas, from basic plasma physics to fusion reactor design. The flourishing of fusion research partly owes to the fact that industrial technologies in Korea including those related to the nuclear field have been fully matured, with their quality being highly ranked in the world. Successive pivotal programs such as KSTAR and ITER have provided diverse opportunities to address new scientific and technological problems in fusion as well as to draw young researchers into related fields. The frame of the Korean nuclear fusion program is now changing from a small laboratory scale to a large national agenda. Coordinated strategies from different views and a holistic approach are necessary in order to achieve optimal efficiency and effectiveness. Upon this background, the present paper reflects upon the road taken to arrive at this point and looks ahead at the coming future in nuclear fusion research activities in Korea.

Development of In-Vessel Vertical Coil Power Supply in KSTAR

Jong-Kook Jin,Jae-Hoon Choi,Dong-Keun Lee,Sang-Hee Han,Young-Mu Jeon,Yaung-Su Kim,Myeun Kwon,Hyun-Sik Ahn,Gye-Yong Jang,Min-Seong Yun,Dae-Kyung Seong,Hyun-Seok Shin IEEE 2013 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.41 No.7

<P>The Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) device is an advanced superconducting tokamak to establish scientific and technological bases for an attractive fusion reactor [1]. In-vessel vertical coil (IVC) power supply (PS) is developed for vertical stability and shape control of KSTAR plasma. IVC PS in KSTAR is based on a single-phase full-bridge inverter. The output voltage and current are dc ±1 kV and ±10 kA, respectively. Insulated gate bipolar transistor is used as switching power device in IVC PS and maximal 5 kHz of switching frequency is adopted to meet the requirement of fast control by plasma control system. This paper describes the configuration and engineering of the IVC PS system and analyzes both the IVC coil commissioning and the major performances that D-shape plasma achieved in experiments.</P>

경주에서 분리된 탄저균에 대한 연구

이준규 ( Jun Gue Lee ),이은미 ( Eun Mi Lee ),차우양 ( Woo Yang Cha ),김정화 ( Jung Hwa Kim ),김영환 ( Young Hoan Kim ),이양수 ( Yaung Su Lee ),김우현 ( Woo Hyun Kim ),정종식 ( Jong Sik Jyeong ) 한국가축위생학회 1995 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.18 No.1

The present study was conducted to investigate results of B. anthracis isolated from Anthrax in the Kyong-Ju of Feb. 12. 1994. 1. In biochemical feature, B. anthracis was a gram-positive rod, non-motility, sporulation, capsulation. It was positive in gelatinase, starch hydrolysis, glucose. But negative in urease, arabinose, mannitol, xylose. 2. B. anthracis grew well on BA, Br A, TSA after incubation for 24 hours. The organisim grew well on BA, Br. A, NA, TSA after incubation for 72 hours. The media grew well on Br A instead of BA. 3. On 5% blood agar by laboratory animal, β-hemolysis was produced from 36 hours to 48 hours incubation. There was perfect β-hemolysis after incubation for 48 hours. On the other side β-hemolysis was begun on 5% goat blood agar after incubation for 60 hours. 4. In the test of antimicrobial susceptibility, B. anthracis was very sensitive to AM, CF, TE, ENR, GM, AN, DFX, S, P, TYLO, N, KM, C, E, Lins+Sp, NN, CC, CFP, CB were sensitive one by one. B. anthracis was no-sensitive to L, XNL, TIA, CL, SXT. 5. B. anthracis had never sensitivity to direct inoculation of rat and chicken, after subcutanous inj. It was very sensitive to mouse and goat, hamster, guinea pig, rabbit had a sensibility one by one. 6. The dead laboratory animal which had been inoculated with B. anthracis preserved at 37℃ incubation, B. anthracis didn`t cultivate on non-dissected animal after 80 hours but cultivate on dissected animal after 360 hours. 7. The rapidly death could cause high concentration, died from 420 after S.C. 8. The blood smeared samples of hamster from inoculation with B. anthracis, spore germinated in 37℃ after 5 hours, in 32℃ after 6 hours, in room temperature after 9 hours, in -4℃ to -20℃ after 10 hours. 9. B. anthracis inoculated to laboratory animal after SC or PO. Mice and rats feces didn`t cultivated with B. anthracis after SC, but did cultivated with B. anthracis after PO. 10. In the test of disinfectant, B. anthracis was high effective to HgCl2, formalin, effect phenol, cresol, but non-effect NaOH, ethanol.