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Searching for cosmic missing baryons with DIOS - Diffuse Intergalactic Oxygen Surveyor -
Yasushi Suto,Akihiro Furuzawa,Kazuhisa Mitsuda,Manabu Ishida,Noriko Y. Yamasaki,Ryuichi Fujimoto,Shin Sasaki,Tae Furusho,Takaya Ohashi,Yoshitaka Ishisaki,Yuzuru Tawara 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.1
Approximately 30 to 50 percent of the total baryons in the present universe is supposed to take the form of wa arm/hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) whose X-ray continuum emission is very weak. In order to carry out a direct and homogeneous survey of elusive cosmic missing baryons, we propose a dedicated soft-X-ray mission, DIOS (Diffuse Intergalactic Oxygen Surveyor). The unprecedented energy resolution ( 2eV) of the XSA (X-ray Spectrometer Array) on-board DIOS enables us to identify WHIM with gas temperatures T = 106က7K and overdensity = 10က100 located at z < 0:3 through emission lines of Ovii and Oviii. DIOS, which will hopefully be launched in several years time, promises to open a new window of detection and characterization of cosmic missing baryons and to provide yet another important and complementary tool to trace the large-scale structure of the universe.
( Kaito Sasaki ),( Yasushi Matsufuji ),( Ayako Tachifuji ),( Yukihito Yoshimura ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2016 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2016 No.-
Leachate which contains high concentrations of organic pollutant often causes river or ground water contaminations because of no leachate treatment facility in developing countries. However, it is difficult for such countries to build a sophisticated leachate treatment facility due to the lack of Money, Mampower, and Material (3Ms). Under such situations, Savonius-type stirrer “ECO-FAN” driving by the wind power has been developed for the biological treatment of leachate in our laboratroy. Based on some past fundamental experiments, it has already been clarified that ECO-FAN is available not only as an aerator for the biological treatment but also as a stirrer for tlie coagulation-sedimentation treatment. Nevertheless the stirring interruption caused by no-wind period under natural wind conditions might influence on the coagulation with a short reaction time. To evaluate the influence of the stirring interruption, the experiment under three kinds of operation condition after adding a coagulant were set up in this study, such as only stopping condition without stirration (Case 1), stirring condition after stopping (Case 2), and only stirring without stopping (Case 3). The stopping time (stirring interruption time) in Case 2 was changed from 30, to 60, 90, and 120 minitues respectively as shown Figure L As a result, the COD removal rates increased slightly according to the increase of the stirring interruption time, ranging 18-24%. But the COD removal rates rose dramatically by adding 30 minitues of stirring, it showed about 45% in case of 5 rpm stirring, and also about 60% in case of 20 rpm stirring. There was no difference of the stirring interruption time less than 2 hours in the COD removal rate (Figure 2). Furtheremore, the COD removal rates in Case 2 with 30 minutes stirring after stopping were mostly equal to the removal rate under only stirring condition without stopping as shown in Figure 2. These experimental results suggested that the coagulation proceed even if the stirring interruption is induced under natural wind condition, as long as the natural wind sometimes rotates ECO-FAN. It means that ECO-FAN is also under natural wind conditions. available as a stirrer for the coagulation-sedimentation treatment
TRACING BRIGHT AND DARK SIDES OF THE UNIVERSE WITH X-RAY OBSERVATIONS
SUTO YASUSHI,YOSHIKAWA KOHJI,DOLAG KLAUS,SASAKI SHIN,YAMASAKI NORIKO Y.,OHASHI TAKAYA,MITSUDA KAZUHISA,TAWARA YUZURU,FUJIMOTO RYUICHI,FURUSHO TAE,FURUZAWA AKIHIRO,ISHIDA MANABU,ISHISAKI YOSHITAKA The Korean Astronomical Society 2004 Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society Vol.37 No.5
X-ray observations of galaxy clusters have played an important role in cosmology, especially in determining the cosmological density parameter and the fluctuation amplitude. While they represent the bright side of the universe together with the other probes including the cosmic microwave background and the Type Ia supernovae, the resulting information clearly indicates that the universe is dominated by dark components. Even most of cosmic baryons turns out to be dark. In order to elucidate the nature of dark baryons, we propose a dedicated soft-X-ray mission, DIOS (Diffuse Intergalactic Oxygen Surveyor). Recent numerical simulations suggest that approximately 30 to 50 percent of total baryons at z = 0 take the form of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) with $10^5K < T < 10^7K $which has evaded the direct detection so far. The unprecedented energy resolution (${\~} 2eV$) of the XSA (X-ray Spectrometer Array) on-board DIGS enables us to identify WHIM with gas temperature $T = 10^6 {\~} 10^7K$ and overdensity $\delta$ = 10 ${\~}$ 100 located at z < 0.3 through emission lines of OVII and OVIII. In addition, WHIMs surrounding nearby clusters are detectable with a typical exposure time of a day, and thus constitute realistic and promising targets for DIOS.
Azusa Sasaki,Yasushi Nakamura,Yukiko Kobayashi,Wataru Aoi,Takako Nakamura,Koji Shirota,Noboru Suetome,Michiaki Fukui,Tomoaki Matsuo,Shigehisa Okamoto,Yuri Tashiro,Eun Y. Park,Kenji Sato 한국식품연구원 2018 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.5 No.1
Background The fruit of Katsura-uri, traditionally used in the preparation of pickles in Japan, is facing an extinction crisis. In addition to the traditional dishes prepared from Katsura-uri, alternative dishes using the fruit should be devised to increase consumer demands for the protection of the heirloom vegetable. We attempted designing new Katsura-uri contemporary dishes and assessed the application of Katsura-uri juice as a functional drink without raising blood glucose levels. Methods Cooking experiments were conducted with Katsura-uri in its ripening stages, based on the advice from a licensed chef and a registered dietitian in Japan. In the questionnaire-based sensory evaluation, consumer acceptability of Katsura-uri juice was assessed. The blood glucose levels were measured after healthy volunteers consumed the juice. Results We demonstrated six new Katsura-uri dishes. In the questionnaire-based sensory evaluation of Katsura-uri juice, the assessment values for taste and fragrance were high. In human trials, the levels of incremental area under the curve and glucose spike were significantly lower after consumption of Katsura-uri juice, as compared to those after consumption of muskmelon juice. Conclusion Katsura-uri-containing contemporary dishes and juice would help continue the consumption of the vegetable. Based on the results of the questionnaire, we also concluded that the use of Katsura-uri as a functional drink without raising blood glucose levels is superior to its use as contemporary dishes. These findings provide useful strategies to protect Katsura-uri from extinction.
Risk Factors for Loosening of S2 Alar Iliac Screw: Surgical Outcomes of Adult Spinal Deformity
Iijima Yasushi,Kotani Toshiaki,Sakuma Tsuyoshi,Nakayama Keita,Akazawa Tsutomu,Kishida Shunji,Muramatsu Yuta,Sasaki Yu,Ueno Keisuke,Asada Tomoyuki,Sato Kosuke,Minami Shohei,Ohtori Seiji 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.6
Study Design: Retrospective study.Purpose: To determine the risk factors for S2 alar iliac (S2AI) screw loosening and its association with lumbosacral fusion in patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD).Overview of Literature: S2AI screws have been widely used for ASD surgery in recent years. However, no studies have analyzed the risk factors for loosening of S2AI screws and its association with lumbosacral fusion.Methods: Cases of 50 patients with ASD who underwent long spinal fusion (>9 levels) with S2AI screws were retrospectively reviewed. Loosening of S2AI screws and S1 pedicle screws and bone fusion at the level of L5–S1 at 2 years after surgery were investigated using computed tomography. In addition, risk factors for loosening of S2AI screws were determined in patients with ASD. Results: At 2 years after surgery, 33 cases (66%) of S2AI screw loosening and six cases (12%) of S1 pedicle screw loosening were observed. In 40 of 47 cases (85%), bone fusion at L5–S1 was found. Pseudarthrosis at L5–S1 was not significantly associated with S2AI screw loosening (19.3% vs. 6.3%, <i>p</i>=0.23), but significantly higher in patients with S1 screw loosening (83.3% vs. 4.9%, <i>p</i><0.001). On multivariate logistic regression analyses, high upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) level (T5 or above) (odds ratio [OR], 4.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0–18.6; <i>p</i>=0.045) and obesity (OR, 11.4; 95% CI, 1.2–107.2; <i>p</i>=0.033) were independent risk factors for S2AI screw loosening.Conclusions: High UIV level (T5 or above) and obesity were independent risk factors for S2AI screw loosening in patients with lumbosacral fixation in surgery for ASD. The incidence of lumbosacral fusion is associated with S1 screw loosening, but not S2AI screw loosening.
Takako Nakamura,Yasushi Nakamura,Azusa Sasaki,Masami Fujii,Koji Shirota,Yutaka Mimura,Shigehisa Okamoto 한국식품연구원 2017 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.4 No.2
As a general background, Sabaka-daikon, one of the heirloom vegetables in Kyoto, ceased its commercial cultivation in the late 1960s at north Kyoto, leading to an extinction crisis. We review the activities of the local residents to revive the commercial cultivation of Sabaka-daikon from 2010. We also discuss the significance of the information on the health benefits of local foods in motivating local residents to protect local foods from extinction. For methodology, through field interviews of administrative members, venders, and farmers in Maizuru city, we explore reasons for the success in reviving a local heirloom vegetable, Sabaka-daikon. We also apply chemical analysis to determine individual differences in the anticarcinogenic (cancer preventive) compound, 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate, in Sabaka-daikon to guarantee its added health benefits. As a result, the primary factors for the revival of Sabaka-daikon in Maizuru city include the passion of farmers, measures undertaken by the local administration, and the marketing strategies of venders. The secondary factor is the fact that one primary factor (passion of farmers) coincides on a time axis with the other two factors (administrative measures and marketing strategies of venders). Wide individual differences in the anticarcinogenic compound, 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate, were observed, likely due to the variable genome of Sabaka-daikon. In conclusion, the results imply that the information on the health benefits of daikon contribute to motivating the local residents (i.e., passion of farmers) in protecting Sabaka-daikon from extinction. Revival of this heirloom vegetable would contribute to the diversification of local foods, and to the preservation of those foods and the cooking knowledge for future generations. As Sabaka-daikon variety has some races in variation of 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate production, a race with a fixed amount of 4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate should be established to guarantee added health benefits of Sabaka-daikon.
REMEDIATION OF DXNS-CONTAMINATED WATER IN PONDS
( Yasuo Horii ),( Yasushi Terno ),( Tomohiko Sasaki ),( Tetsuhiro Hasegawa ),( Shigeyuki Mori ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회 2002 APLAS Vol.2002 No.1
We developed the decomposition system of DXNs in water by UV- and Ozone-treatment. The system was applied to DXNs-contaminated water in ponds around a municipal solid waste incineration plant in JAPAN. The system has the following features, (1) high ratio of the decomposition, (2) easy operation and maintenance (operated under room temperature and atmospheric pressure) (3) simple structure, (4) no risk of DXNs evaporation and (5) availability of the unit type suitable for an erection. The system demonstrated its high performance treating 50㎥/d of DXNs-contaminated water stably for 4 months, thereby decreasing DXNs from 17 - 270 pg- TEQ/L to below the guarantee level 0.1 pg-TEQ/L. Since the system runs hands-off and is equipped with the automatic shutdown mechanism together with the remote alarm system, the personnel in charge only needs to diagnose in weekdays and is kept informed of the system condition during weekends.