RTN4 3'-UTR Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Susceptibility to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Chinese Han Population

Lu, De-Yi,Mao, Xu-Hua,Zhou, Ying-Hui,Yan, Xiao-Long,Wang, Wei-Ping,Zheng, Ya-Biao,Xiao, Juan-Juan,Zhang, Ping,Wang, Jian-Guo,Ashwani, Neetika,Ding, Wei-Liang,Jiang, Hua,Shang, Yan,Wang, Ming-Hua Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.13

Nogo protein, encoded by gene reticulon-4 (RTN4), includes three major isoforms by different splicing, named Nogo-A Nogo-B and Nogo-C. Nogo proteins play an important role in the apoptosis of cells, especially in tumor cells. RTN4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can influence the efficiency of transcription and translation thus being related with an individual's predisposition to cancer. The CAA insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs34917480) within RTN4 3'-UTR has been reported to be associated with many cancer types. In order to investigate the relationship between this polymorphism and susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Chinese population, we conducted the present case-control study including 411 NSCLC patients and 471 unrelated healthy controls. The genotype distributions were significantly different between cases and controls (p=0.014). We found that the del allele could significantly increase NSCLC risk (ins/ins vs ins/del: p=0.007, OR 1.46, 95%CI=1.11-1.93; dominant model: p=0.004, OR 1.47, 95%CI=1.13-1.92 and allele model: p=0.008, OR 1.35, 95%CI=1.08-1.67). This association was stronger in participants over 60 years old, males and smokers. We therefore conclude that the CAA insertion/deletion polymorphism (rs34917480) contributes to non-small cell lung cancer risk in Chinese population. Age, sex and environmental exposure are also related to carcinogenic effects of rs34917480.

Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of MUC-2, MUC-4 and MUC-5AC Expression in Japanese Gastric Carcinomas

Xiao, Li-Jun,Zhao, Shuang,Zhao, En-Hong,Zheng, Xin,Gou, Wen-Feng,Xing, Ya-Nan,Takano, Yasuo,Zheng, Hua-Chuan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.12

Background: The mucin components of the gastric gel layer function as a protective and lubricating factor against luminal acid and proteolytic enzymes. Alteration of mucin expression in gastric preneoplastic and neoplastic lesions has suggested potential roles in neoplastic processes. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of MUC-2, MUC-4 and MUC-5AC in Japanese gastric cancer. Methods: Expression of MUC-2, -4 and -5AC was evaluated on tissue microarrays of gastric carcinomas and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa specimens by immunohistochemistry and compared with clinicopathological parameters and survival time of the patients. Results: The three mucins were found to be expressed to a lesser extent in gastric carcinomas in comparison with non-cancerous mucosa (p<0.05). MUC-2 expression was negatively correlated with tumor size, depth of invasion, and TNM staging of gastric cancer (p<0.05), while that of MUC-5AC was negatively associated with the depth of invasion, venous invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (p<0.05), but positively with MUC-4 and MUC-2 expression (p<0.05). There was higher MUC-2 expression in intestinal- than diffuse-type carcinomas (p<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated no relationship between expression of the three mucins and the cumulative survival rate of patients, even stratified according to the depth of invasion (p>0.05). Conclusion: Down-regulated expression of MUC-2, -4 and -5AC may be involved in pathogenesis, invasion, metastasis or differentiation of gastric carcinoma. Their altered expression might therefore be employed as an indicator of pathobiological behavior.

Characteristics and Impact Factors of Renal Threshold for Glucose Excretion in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Xiao-Dan Yue,Jing-Yu Wang,Xin-Rong Zhang,Ju-Hong Yang,Chun-Yan Shan,Miao-Yan Zheng,Hui-Zhu Ren,Yi Zhang,Shao-Hua Yang,Zhen-Hong Guo,Bai Chang,Bao-Cheng Chang 대한의학회 2017 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.32 No.4

Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are newly developed but promising medicine for type 2 diabetes. However, patients with a different renal threshold for glucose excretion (RTG) may have a different reaction to this medicine. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics of RTG and its impact factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The clinical and laboratory data of 36 healthy individuals and 168 in-hospital patients with T2DM were collected and analyzed, RTG was calculated using blood glucose (BG) measured by dynamic BG monitoring, urinary glucose excretion (UGE) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The characteristics of RTG were investigated. The risk factors for high RTG were analyzed using non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Our results found that RTG of the T2DM group was higher than that of the healthy individuals (P < 0.05); and 22.22% from the healthy individuals group but 58.33% from the T2DM group had high RTG. Age, duration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI), and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were independently associated with high RTG (P < 0.05). Further stratified analysis revealed that RTG in T2DM patients increased with age, duration of diabetes, and BMI. In conclusion, RTG is increased in patients with T2DM, especially in those with longer diabetic duration, higher BMI, and those who are older. Therefore, these patients may be more sensitive to SGLT-2 inhibitors.

Improvement of Tautomycin Production in Streptomyces spiroverticillatus by Feeding Glucose and Maleic Anhydride

Xiao-Long Chen,Yu-Hua Xu,Yu-Guo Zheng,Yin-Chu Shen 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.6

Optimization of the feeding process for tautomycin production by Streptomyces spiroverticillatus was performed using glucose and/or maleic anhydride. The feeding of glucose was based on the reducing sugar content (lower than 8 g/L) at a cultivation time of 40 h. After addition of 2% (w/v) glucose, the biomass increased from 21 to 28 g/L, and that of tautomycin from 572.06 to 837.6mg/L. Moreover, 1723.1 mg/L of tautomycin (increased by 201.21%) was obtained by feeding 0.2% (w/v) maleic anhydride solution at a pH between 4 and 7 in the broth. For the experiments in the 15 L fermentor, tautomycin content reached its highest level (1714.7 mg/L), which was 199.7% higher than that of control by feeding both glucose and maleic anhydride.

MRAS Genetic Variation is Associated with Atherothrombotic Stroke in the Han Chinese Population

Hua Liu,Xiao Qin Huang,Min Yang,Xun Ming Ji,Xin Du,Jian Zheng 대한신경과학회 2013 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.9 No.4

Background and Purpose Atherothrombotic cerebral infarction [atherothrombotic stroke (ATS)] shares common risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms with coronary artery disease (CAD), and both diseases appear to have common susceptibility loci. The muscle RAS oncogene homolog gene (MRAS) has been identified as a susceptibility locus for CAD and is implicated in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes of MRAS are associated with increased risk of ATS in a population of Han Chinese. Methods A case-controlled association study was conducted in which only patients with ATS (identified as a major subtype in the Korean modification of the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment classification) were enrolled. Subgroup analyses were carried out to determine whether the effect of the MRAS polymorphism was specific to age and gender among the subjects. Results In total, 194 ATS and 186 control subjects were included in the present study. Two tagging SNPs were identified in MRAS (rs40593 and rs3755751). A multivariate regression analysis revealed a positive association between rs40593 and ATS under dominant and additive models after adjustment for covariates. Subgroup analyses revealed that there were no gender differences with respect to allele or genotype frequencies between the groups. The AG genotype for rs40593(p=0.028), the CT genotype for rs3755751 (p=0.036), and G-allele carriers (AG plus GG) for rs40593 (p=0.015) exhibited a significant protective effect among those aged ≥45 years. For the haplotype analysis, ATS subjects aged ≥45 years had a higher frequency of the ACAC haplotype (76.0%) than the controls (68.1%; p<0.05); that haplotype was associated with an increased risk of ATS. Conclusions The obtained data suggest a positive association between MRAS and ATS among the Han Chinese. Further studies should be performed with larger sample and among different ethnic populations, and gene-gene or gene-environment interactions should be considered.

A kinetic model for glycerol chlorination in the presence of acetic acid catalyst

Zheng-Hong Luo,Xiao-Zi You,Hua-Rong Li 한국화학공학회 2010 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.27 No.1

A kinetic model for the chlorination of glycerol with hydrochloric acid in the use of acetic acid as catalyst is presented in this study. The model is based on a comprehensive chlorination mechanism, taking the formation of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol and 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol into account while ignoring the formation of any intermediate in the chlorination system. Simulations were carried out under different chlorination conditions to calculate the concentrations of the main chemical species in the reaction system. The validity of the model was examined via a comparison of the calculated data with the experimental data on the chlorination of glycerol with hydrochloric acid at 363-393 K. The results show the model is capable of describing the chlorination performance with good agreement with experimental data.

Oxidation behavior of C/C composites with B4C-SiCZrC-ZrB2 coating prepared by infiltration and pyrolysis

Xiao-Hua Zuo,Zhi-Jun Dong,Guan-Ming Yuan,Zheng-Wei Cui,Xuan-Ke Li 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2021 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.22 No.1

Polycarbosilane, B-Si and B-Si-Zr modification coal tar pitch were used as impregnate agent for infiltration and pyrolysis formation of carbon/carbon (abbreviated as C/C) composites with B4C-SiC-ZrC-ZrB2 coating. The density of the composites was examined to be 1.0 g·cm-3, 1.4 g·cm-3 and 1.8 g·cm-3, respectively. The phase compositions, surface morphologies and element distributions of the coating were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispervive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The result showed that the two composites with a density of 1.4 g·cm-3 and 1.8 g·cm-3 displayed compact microstructures. The oxidation behavior of the composites was studied by oxidation in air at temperatures from 800 to 1,550 ℃ for 1 h. The composites with a density of 1.8 g·cm-3 exhibited a lower weight loss of 1.8 % after oxidation. B4C-SiC-ZrC-ZrB2 coating was found to provide the best protection by the precipitated B2O3, SiO2 and ZrO2 on the surface of the composites during the oxidation process, which were characterized by self-healing and antioxidation. The C/C composites with B4C-SiC-ZrC-ZrB2 coating performed well at high temperatures with the formation of complex oxides glass film that prevented oxygen from further spreading into the matrix.

LncRNA TMPO-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by forming biomolecular condensates with FUS and p300 to regulate TMPO transcription

Luo Xiao-Jing,He Ming-Ming,Liu Jia,Zheng Jia-Bo,Wu Qi-Nian,Chen Yan-Xing,Meng Qi,Luo Kong-Jia,Chen Dong-Liang,Xu Rui-Hua,Zeng Zhao-Lei,Liu Ze-Xian,Luo Hui-Yan 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most life- and health-threatening malignant diseases worldwide, especially in China. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, the roles and mechanisms of lncRNAs in ESCC require further exploration. Here, in combination with a small interfering RNA (siRNA) library targeting specific lncRNAs, we performed MTS and Transwell assays to screen functional lncRNAs that were overexpressed in ESCC. TMPO-AS1 expression was significantly upregulated in ESCC tumor samples, with higher TMPOAS1 expression positively correlated with shorter overall survival times. In vitro and in vivo functional experiments revealed that TMPO-AS1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of ESCC cells. Mechanistically, TMPO-AS1 bound to fused in sarcoma (FUS) and recruited p300 to the TMPO promoter, forming biomolecular condensates in situ to activate TMPO transcription in cis by increasing the acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27ac). Targeting TMPO-AS1 led to impaired ESCC tumor growth in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. We found that TMPO-AS1 is required for cell proliferation and metastasis in ESCC by promoting the expression of TMPO, and both TMPO-AS1 and TMPO might be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ESCC.

Anticancer Activity of Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L) Merr Extracts is Associated with Inhibition of NF-κB Activity and Decreased Erk1/2 and Akt Phosphorylation

Wang, Hua-Qian,Li, Dong-Li,Lu, Yu-Jing,Cui, Xiao-Xing,Zhou, Xiao-Fen,Lin, Wei-Ping,Conney, Allan H.,Zhang, Kun,Du, Zhi-Yun,Zheng, Xi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21

Acanthopanax trifoliatus (L) Merr (AT) is commonly used as an herbal medicine and edible plant in some areas of China and other Asian countries. AT is thought to have anticancer effects, but potential mechanisms remain unknown. To assess the anticancer properties of AT, we exposed prostate cancer cells to AT extracts and assessed cell proliferation and signaling pathways. An ethanol extract of AT was suspended in water followed by sequential extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. PC-3 cells were treated with different concentrations of each extract and cell viability was determined by the MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. The ethyl acetate extract of the ethanol extract had a stronger inhibitory effect on growth and a stronger stimulatory effect on apoptosis than any of the other extracts. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract suppressed the transcriptional activity of NF-${\kappa}B$, increased the level of caspase-3, and decreased the levels of phospho-Erk1/2 and phospho-Akt. This is the first report on the anticancer activity of AT in cultured human prostate cancer cells. The results suggest that AT can provide a plant-based medicine for the treatment or prevention of prostate cancer.

Serum BMP-2 Up-regulation as an Indicator of Poor Survival in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

Fei, Zheng-Hua,Yao, Cheng-Yun,Yang, Xiao-Lei,Huang, Xin-En,Ma, Sheng-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.9

Purpose: High levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) have been reported in patients with lung cancer. This study was conducted to assess correlations between serum BMP-2 levels and prognostic outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Blood samples from 84 patients with advanced NSCLC and 42 healthy controls were analyzed and quantitated for serum BMP-2 levels before and after two cycles of chemotherapy using a commercially available ELISA kit. Results: The median level of BMP-2 was 146.9 pg/ml in patients with NSCLC vs. 87.7 pg/ml in healthy controls (P<0.01). A significant correlation was observed between pretreatment serum BMP-2 level and ECOG PS, disease stage and number of organs with metastases (P<0.05). Serum BMP-2 level decreased significantly in patients who achieved objective response after two cycles of chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that increased BMP-2 level and advanced clinical stage were significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Thes erum BMP-2 level is positively correlated with clinical stage, ECOG PS and metastatic burden and may serve as an independent negative predictor for prognosis. Decreased BMP-2 after chemotherapy could be a reliable marker for efficacy of treatment.