Microbial Community of Tannery Wastewater Involved in Nitrification Revealed by Illumina MiSeq Sequencing

( Xiaojian Ma ),( Chongde Wu ),( Huang Jun ),( Rongqing Zhou ),( Bi Shi ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.7

The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial community of three tannery wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) involved in nitrification by Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that highly diverse communities were present in tannery wastewater. A total of six phyla, including Proteobacteria (37-41%), Bacteroidetes (6.04-16.80), Planctomycetes (3.65- 16.55), Chloroflexi (2.51-11.48), Actinobacteria (1.91-9.21), and Acidobacteria (3.04-6.20), were identified as the main phyla, and Proteobacteria dominated in all the samples. Within Proteobacteria, Beta-proteobacteria was the most abundant class, with the sequence percentages ranging from 9.66% to 17.44%. Analysis of the community at the genus level suggested that Thauera, Gp4, Ignavibacterium, Phycisphaera, and Arenimonas were the core genera shared by at least two tannery WWTPs. A detailed analysis of the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) indicated that Nitrosospira, Nitrosomonas, and Nitrospira were the main AOB and NOB in tannery wastewater, respectively, which exhibited relatively high abundance in all samples. In addition, real-time quantitative PCR was conducted to validate the results by quantifying the abundance of the AOB and total bacteria, and similar results were obtained. Overall, the results presented in this study may provide new insights into our understanding of key microorganisms and the entire community of tannery wastewater and contribute to improving the nitrogen removal efficiency.

Dibenzoheptazethrene Isomers with Different Biradical Characters: An Exercise of Clar’s Aromatic Sextet Rule in Singlet Biradicaloids

Sun, Zhe,Lee, Sangsu,Park, Kyu Hyung,Zhu, Xiaojian,Zhang, Wenhua,Zheng, Bin,Hu, Pan,Zeng, Zebing,Das, Soumyajit,Li, Yuan,Chi, Chunyan,Li, Run-Wei,Huang, Kuo-Wei,Ding, Jun,Kim, Dongho,Wu, Jishan American Chemical Society 2013 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.135 No.48

<P><I>Clar’s aromatic sextet rule</I> has been widely used for the prediction of the reactivity and stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with a <I>closed-shell</I> electronic configuration. Recent advances in <I>open-shell</I> biradicaloids have shown that the number of aromatic sextet rings plays an important role in determination of their ground states. In order to test the validity of this rule in singlet biradicaloids, the two soluble and stable dibenzoheptazethrene isomers <B>DBHZ1</B> and <B>DBHZ2</B> were prepared by different synthetic approaches and isolated in crystalline form. These two molecules have different numbers of aromatic sextet rings in their respective biradical resonance forms and thus are expected to exhibit varied singlet biradical character. This assumption was verified by different experimental methods, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electron spin resonance (ESR), superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), steady-state and transient absorption spectroscopy (TA), and X-ray crystallographic analysis, assisted by unrestricted symmetry-broken density functional theory (DFT) calculations. <B>DBHZ2</B>, with more aromatic sextet rings in the biradical form, was demonstrated to possess greater biradical character than <B>DBHZ1</B>; as a result, <B>DBHZ2</B> exhibited an intense one-photon absorption (OPA) in the near-infrared region (λ<SUB>abs</SUB><SUP>max</SUP> <I>=</I> 804 nm) and a large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-section (σ<SUP>(2)</SUP><SUB>max</SUB> = 2800 GM at 1600 nm). This investigation together with previous studies indicates that Clar’s aromatic sextet rule can be further extended to the singlet biradicaloids to predict their ground states and singlet biradical characters.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2013/jacsat.2013.135.issue-48/ja410279j/production/images/medium/ja-2013-10279j_0012.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja410279j'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Combining In Situ Synchrotron X‐Ray Diffraction and Absorption Techniques with Transmission Electron Microscopy to Study the Origin of Thermal Instability in Overcharged Cathode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Nam, Kyung‐,Wan,Bak, Seong‐,Min,Hu, Enyuan,Yu, Xiqian,Zhou, Youngning,Wang, Xiaojian,Wu, Lijun,Zhu, Yimei,Chung, Kyung‐,Yoon,Yang, Xiao‐,Qing WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.23 No.8

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The thermal instability of the cathode materials in lithium‐ion batteries is an important safety issue, requiring the incorporation of several approaches to prevent thermal runaway and combustion. Systematic studies, using combined well‐defined in situ techniques, are crucial to obtaining in‐depth understanding of the structural origin of this thermal instability in overcharged cathode materials. Here time‐resolved X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray absorption, mass spectroscopy, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy during heating are combined to detail the structural changes in overcharged Li<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>Ni<SUB>0.8</SUB>Co<SUB>0.15</SUB>Al<SUB>0.05</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> and Li<SUB><I>x</I></SUB>Ni<SUB>1/3</SUB>Co<SUB>1/3</SUB>Mn<SUB>1/3</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> cathode materials. By employing these several techniques in concert, various aspects of the structural changes are investigated in these two materials at an overcharged state; these include differences in phase‐distribution after overcharge, phase nucleation and propagation during heating, the preferred atomic sites and migration paths of Ni, Co, and Mn, and their individual contributions to thermal stability, together with measuring the oxygen release that accompanies these structural changes. These results provide valuable guidance for developing new cathode materials with improved safety characteristics.</P>

Laparoscopic surgery contributes to a decrease in short-term complications in surgical ulcerative colitis patients during 2008–2017: a multicenter retrospective study in China

Zerong Cai,Xiaosheng He,Jianfeng Gong,Peng Du,Wenjian Meng,Wei Zhou,Jinbo Jiang,Bin Wu,Weitang Yuan,Qi Xue,Lianwen Yuan,Jinhai Wang,Jiandong Tai,Jie Liang,Weiming Zhu,Ping Lan,Xiaojian Wu 대한장연구학회 2023 Intestinal Research Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims: The aim of this study was to analyze the chronological changes in postoperative complications in surgical ulcerative colitis patients over the past decade in China and to investigate the potential parameters that contributed to the changes. Methods: Ulcerative colitis patients who underwent surgery during 2008–2017 were retrospectively enrolled from 13 hospitals in China. Postoperative complications were compared among different operation years. Risk factors for complications were identified by logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 446 surgical ulcerative colitis patients were analyzed. Fewer short-term complications (24.8% vs. 41.0%, P=0.001) and more laparoscopic surgeries (66.4% vs. 25.0%, P<0.001) were found among patients who received surgery during 2014–2017 than 2008–2013. Logistic regression suggested that independent protective factors against short-term complications were a higher preoperative body mass index (odds ratio [OR], 0.870; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.785–0.964; P=0.008), laparoscopic surgery (OR, 0.391; 95% CI, 0.217–0.705; P=0.002) and elective surgery (OR, 0.213; 95% CI, 0.067–0.675; P=0.009). The chronological decrease in short-term complications was associated with an increase in laparoscopic surgery. Conclusions: Our data revealed a downward trend of short-term postoperative complications among surgical ulcerative colitis patients in China during the past decade, which may be due to the promotion of minimally invasive techniques among Chinese surgeons.

Surgical Options for Appropriate Length of J-Pouch Construction for Better Outcomes and Long-term Quality of Life in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis after Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis

Xu Weimin,Tang Wenbo,Ding Wenjun,Hua Zhebin,Wang Yaosheng,Ge Xiaolong,Cui Long,Wu Xiaojian,Zhou Wei,Ding Zhao,Du Peng 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2024 Gut and Liver Vol.18 No.1

Background/Aims: Total proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is widely accepted as a radical surgery for refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Definite results on the appropriate pouch length for an evaluation of the risk-to-benefit ratio regarding technical complications and long-term quality of life (QOL) are still scarce. Methods: Data on UC patients who underwent IPAA from 2008 to 2022 in four well-established pouch centers affiliated to China UC Pouch Center Union were collected. Results: A total of 208 patients with a median follow-up time of 6.0 years (interquartile range, 2.3 to 9.0 years) were enrolled. The median lengths of the patients’ short and long pouches were 14.0 cm (interquartile range, 14.0 to 15.0 cm) and 22.0 cm (interquartile range, 20.0 to 24.0 cm), respectively. Patients with a short J pouch configuration were less likely to achieve significantly improved long-term QOL (p=0.015) and were prone to develop late postoperative complications (p=0.042), such as increased defecation frequency (p=0.003) and pouchitis (p=0.035). A short ileal pouch was an independent risk factor for the development of late postoperative complications (odds ratio, 3.100; 95% confidence interval, 1.519 to 6.329; p=0.002) and impaired long-term QOL improvement (odds ratio, 2.221; 95% confidence interval, 1.218 to 4.050, p=0.009). Conclusions: The length of the J pouch was associated with the improvement in long-term QOL and the development of late post-IPAA complications. A long J pouch configuration could be a considerable surgical option for pouch construction.