Bioconversion process for synthesis of tert-butyl (3R,5S)-6-chloro- 3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate using liquid-core immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGMCC No 2233

Bi Hongxia,Sun Xingyuan,Shi Hanbing,Ou Zhimin 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.1

Tert-butyl (3R,5S)-6-chloro-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate was synthesized using asymmetric reduction of tertbutyl (S)-6-chloro-5-hydroxy-3-oxo-hexanoate with liquid-core immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGMCC No. 2233. The optimum conditions for preparation of the liquid-core immobilized cells were found to be 2% guar gum,5% CaCl2, 0.8% sodium alginate, capsule diameter 2mm, 0.3% chitosan (1.0×105) solution, and 30 min for formation of the film of liquid-core immobilized cells. The optimum re-cultivation time was 32 h. The optimum reduction conditions were found to be pH 6.8-7.2, 160 r/min, and 30 oC. Conversion was found to reach 100% when initial concentration of substrate was less than 50 g/L. The diastereomeric excess of tert-butyl (3R,5S)-6-chloro-3,5-dihydroxyhexanoate exceeded 99%. The liquid-core immobilized cells retained their effectiveness even after 15 uses.

중국 도시지리학 연구동향

김석주,여필순 영남대학교 지역발전연구소 2002 영남지역발전연구 Vol.30 No.-

In an effort to introduce the developments and research, this thesis looked briefly into developments of urban geography achieved in China after adopting the Reform and Opening Policy in 1978, along with research trend in this field, so to contribute to widening Korean geographers' knowledge about this subject. China's urban geography started from almost a blank, but has been developing at comparatively fast speed. Chinese urban geographers have been absorbing constructively relative urban geography theories abroad and grafting them into China's realities and so have constructed the urban geography research system that has chinese figures and at the same time harmonize with world rules. China's urban geography researches are progressed in such 4 fields below: As far as the research of urbanization is concerned, the most important influencing factor has been considered to be industrialization, but recently with the fast-speed development of rural enterprisers, the development of small-size cities in the usual districts has also become a distinct fact. About the research of internal space structure, study on city's internal commercial districts is the main stream along with the development of 3-degree industry. And the research about CBD has also started. In the research about urban system, most attempts are centered on drawing out normal methods of the urban system's development based on Central Place Theory. However, the problem that there are much more macro-research than micro-research has become obvious. Research about urban development policy can be generally classified as "to control large cities, develop media-sized cities reasonably, and develop small-sized cities actively" policy. With the exception of the 4 fields discussed above, research fields such as urban design, urban continuance possibilities, urban social geography, urban-district, have also been progressed steadily, but they will be left as the research subjects discussed hereafter.

Open STT API와 머신러닝을 이용한 AI 보이스피싱 예방 솔루션

모시은 ( Shi-eun Mo ),양혜인 ( Hye-in Yang ),조은비 ( Eun-bi Cho ),윤종호 ( Jong-ho Yoon ) 한국정보처리학회 2022 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.29 No.2

본 논문은 보이스피싱에 취약한 VoIP와 일반 유선전화 상의 보안을 위해 유선전화의 대화내용을 Google STT API 및 텍스트 자연어 처리를 통해 실시간으로 보이스피싱 위험도를 알 수 있는 모델을 제안했다. 보이스피싱 데이터를 Data Augmentation와 BERT 모델을 활용해 보이스피싱을 예방하는 솔루션을 구상했다.

Quality Characteristics of Soy Sauce Fermented by Bacillus licheniformis NH20 Isolated from Traditional Meju and Aspergillus oryzae

Seung-Shi Ham,Kyong-Keun Choi,Cheng-Bi Cui,Beom-Goo Lee,Dong-Sik Joo,Deuk-Sik Lee 한국식품과학회 2004 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.13 No.5

Cytotoxic Effect of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Hull Against Cancer Cells

Seung-Shi Ham,Soo-Hyun Kim,Cheng-Bi Cui,강일준,Sun Young Kim 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.2

Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentumMoench) hull was extracted with 70% ethanol and then further fraction-ated with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and water stepwise. In thein vitrotest (SRB assay), hexane and ethyl acetatefractions showed higher inhibition effects against MCF-7 cells than other samples at the 1 mg/mL level: 89% and 93.2%, re-spectively. They also displayed higher inhibition rates against Hep3B cells of 83.6% and 75.3%, respectively, at 1 mg/mL.The ethyl acetate fraction yielded the highest inhibition rate against A549 cells with the level of 0.25 mg/mL, but it showeda lower inhibition rate than the hexane and chloroform fractions at higher levels of sample, i.e., 0.75 and 1.0 mg/mL. All sam-ples showed higher inhibition effects against AGS human gastric carcinoma than any other cancer cells. The inhibition ratesagainst HeLa cells were 81.2% and 82.0% for the chloroform and butanol fraction with 0.5 mg/mL, respectively. However,all samples yielded an inhibition rate of less than 35% against normal cells, at all treatment levels, except the ethanol extract.All extracts at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg showed decreases of more than 20% and 42%, respectively, in tumor formation insarcoma-180 implanted mice except for the aqueous fraction. From these results, it is suggested that buckwheat hull possessesanticancer properties against a variety of different cancer cell lines.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy-Guided Bladder-Sparing Treatment for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Results of a Pilot Phase II Study

Hongzhe Shi,Wen Zhang,Xingang Bi,Dong Wang,Zejun Xiao,Youyan Guan,Kaopeng Guan,Jun Tian,Hongsong Bai,Linjun Hu,Chuanzhen Cao,Weixing Jiang,Zhilong Hu,Jin Zhang,Yan Chen,Shan Zheng,Xiaoli Feng,Changlin 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.4

Purpose Reduced quality of life after cystectomy has made bladder preservation a popular research topic for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Previous research has indicated significant tumor downstaging after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) was performed before NAC to define the pathology, impacting the real evaluation of NAC. This research aimed to assess real NAC efficacy without interference from TURBT and apply combined modality therapies guided by NAC efficacy. Materials and Methods Patients with cT2-4aN0M0 MIBC were confirmed by cystoscopic biopsy and imaging. NAC efficacy was assessed by imaging, urine cytology, and cystoscopy with multidisciplinary team discussion. Definite responders (≤ T1) underwent TURBT plus concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Incomplete responders underwent radical cystectomy or partial cystectomy if feasible. The primary endpoint was the bladder preservation rate. Results Fifty-nine patients were enrolled, and the median age was 63 years. Patients with cT3-4 accounted for 75%. The median number of NAC cycles was three. Definite responders were 52.5%. The complete response (CR) was 10.2%, and 59.3% of patients received bladder-sparing treatments. With a median follow-up of 44.6 months, the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 72.8%. Three-year OS and relapse-free survival were 88.4% and 60.0% in the bladder-sparing group but only 74.3% and 37.5% in the cystectomy group. The evaluations of preserved bladder function were satisfactory. Conclusion After stratifying MIBC patients by NAC efficacy, definite responders achieved a satisfactory bladder-sparing rate, prognosis, and bladder function. The CR rate reflected the real NAC efficacy for MIBC. This therapy is worth verifying through multicenter research.

Naringin and Naringenin Relax Rat Tracheal Smooth by Regulating BKCa Activation

Rui Shi,Jia-Wen Xu,Zi-Ting Xiao,Ruo-Fei Chen,Yi-Lin Zhang,Jia-Bi Lin,Ke-Ling Cheng,Gu-Yi Wei,Pei-Bo Li,Wen-Liang Zhou,Wei-Wei Su 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.9

Naringin and its aglycone, naringenin, occur naturally in our regular diet and traditional Chinese medicines. This study aimed to detect an effective therapeutic approach for cough variant asthma (CVA) through evaluating the relaxant effect of these two bioactive herbal monomers as antitussive and antiasthmatic on rat tracheal smooth muscle. The relaxant effect was determined by measuring muscular tension with a mechanical recording system in rat tracheal rings. Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration was measured using a confocal imaging system in primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells. In rat tracheal rings, addition of both naringin and naringenin could concentration dependently relax carbachol (CCh)-evoked tonic contraction. This epithelium-independent relaxation could be suppressed by BaCl2, tetraethylammonium, and iberiotoxin (IbTX), but not by glibenclamide. After stimulating primary cultured tracheal smooth muscle cells by CCh or high KCl, the intracellular Ca2+ increase could be inhibited by both naringin and naringenin, respectively. This reaction was also suppressed by IbTX. These results demonstrate that both naringin and naringenin can relax tracheal smooth muscle through opening big conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, which mediates plasma membrane hyperpolarization and reduces Ca2+ influx. Our data indicate a potentially effective therapeutic approach of naringin and naringenin for CVA.

Study on Anti-Proliferative Activity in Cancer Cells and Preliminary Structure–Activity Relationship of Pseudo-Peptide Chiral Thioureas

Peng Liao,Shi-Qin Hu,Hong Zhang,Liang-Bi Xu,Jing-Zi Liu,Bin He,Shang-Gao Liao,Yong-Jun Li 대한화학회 2018 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.39 No.3

In our previous studies, we have shown that thiourea compounds containing phosphate esters have potent antitumor activity and can be used as a novel strategy for the development of antitumor agents. Herein, a series of novel phosphonate thioureas 5–38 have been synthesized, which were fully characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectrum, elemental analysis. Three human cancer cell lines (Bcap-37, BGC-823, and PC-3) have been used to investigate these compounds’ antitumor activities. After the summarization of the structure–activity relationships, we found that the variation of R, R1, and R2 in these novel phosphonate thioureas contribute to the antitumor activities. All these SAR-guided efforts may lead to novel antitumor drugs in the market in the near future.

Streptozotocin 유발 당뇨쥐에 있어서 발효콩을 주원료로 한 기능성 식품의 혈당강하 효과

최승필(Cheng-Bi Cui),최형택(Hyung-Taek Choi),이효진(Hyo-Jin Lee),문선영(Sun-Young Moon),김수현(Soo-Hyun Kim),이범구(Beom-Goo Lee),이득식(Deuk-Sik Lee),함승시(Seung-Shi Ham) 한국식품영양과학회 2004 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.33 No.7

본 연구에서는 발효콩을 주원료로 한 기능성 식품이 streptozotosin으로 유발된 당뇨쥐의 체중, 장기무게, 혈당, 혈중 중성지방, 혈중 콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 기능성 식품군에서는 당뇨군에 비하여 완만한 체중 감소를 나타내었으며 식이섭취량은 모든 당뇨군에서 현저한 증가를 나타내었다. 식이효율은 모든 당뇨군에서 낮은 수치를 나타내었으나 기능성 식품의 투여로 식이효율이 당뇨군에 비해 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 장기의 중량 비교에서 간과 신장의 경우, 모든 당뇨군에서 정상군에 비하여 증가를 나타내었으며 기능성 식품의 투여로 다소 감소를 나타내었다. 심장과 비장의 무게는 모든 실험군에서 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p<0.05). 경구 당내성 검사에서는 당뇨군에서 60분대에 혈당치가 최고에 달하였다. 기능성 식품 투여군에서는 30분대에 최고치에 이르렀으며 120분 후에는 현저하게 감소되어 거의 공복전의 수준에 도달하였다. 혈중 포도당의 수치는 기능성 식품의 4주간 투여에 의해 당뇨군에 비하여 유의적인 감소를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 혈청 중 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, AI의 수치는 모든 당뇨군에서 정상군에 비해 유의적으로 높은 수치를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 기능성 식품 400 ㎎/kg을 투여한 투여군에서는 당뇨군에 비하여 각각 16.4%, 15.4% 그리고 48.3%의 감소를 나타내었으나 시료사이의 유의적인 차이는 인정되지 않았다(p<0.05). HDL-콜레스테롤은 기능성 식품 투여에 의해 당뇨군에 비해 다소 증가를 나타내었으며, 400 ㎎/kg을 투여한 군에서는 정상의 수치에 근접하여 정상군과 유의적 차이가 인정되지 않아(p<0.05) 발효콩을 주원료로 한 기능성 식품이 당뇨 흰쥐의 혈중 콜레스테롤 저하와 지질대사 개선효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of functional food, which was processed with fermented soybean as main ingredient (FS), on the body weight, organ weight, plasma glucose, and plasma lipid in diabetic rats caused by streptozotocin (STZ). The body weight was decreased more slowly in the FS group than in the diabetic, and the food intake increased significantly in all diabetic groups. The food efficiency was very low in all diabetic groups, but increased significantly in the FS groups than diabetic control (p<0.05). In comparing the weight of organ, the weight of liver and kidney were increased in all diabetic groups than in the control, and decreased slightly in FS groups. The weight of heart and spleen were not different among all test groups. In the oral glucose tolerance test, the blood glucose in the diabetic group was the highest in 60 minutes. And the blood glucose in the FS group was the highest in 30 minutes, and decreased significantly after 120 minutes to the level of fasting glucose. The glucose in serum was decreased significantly in the FS groups fed the functional food for 4 weeks, compared to the diabetic control (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, triglyceride and atherogenic index (AI) in serum were significantly higher in diabetic control, compared to the normal (p<0.05), and decreased by 16.4%, 15.4% and 48.3%, respectively, in the FS fed 400 ㎎/kg of functional food. HDL-cholesterol was increased significantly in the FS-400, compared to the diabetic control. These results support that functional food using fermented soybean improve glucose and lipid metabolism in diabetic rats.

메밀싹 에탄을 추출물의 항돌연변이원성 및 암세포 성장억제 효과

최승플 ( Cheng Bi Cui ),이의용 ( Eui Young Lee ),함승시 ( Seung Shi Ham ),이득식 ( Deuk Sik Lee ) 한국응용생명화학회(구 한국농화학회) 2008 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.51 No.3